![Saltstraumen](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Saltstraumen.jpg)
Saltstraumen is a small
strait
A strait is an oceanic landform connecting two seas or two other large areas of water. The surface water generally flows at the same elevation on both sides and through the strait in either direction. Most commonly, it is a narrow ocean channe ...
with one of the strongest
tidal current
Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon (and to a much lesser extent, the Sun) and are also caused by the Earth and Moon orbiting one another.
Tide tables c ...
s in the world. It is located in the municipality of
Bodø
Bodø (; smj, Bådåddjo, sv, Bodö) is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Salten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Bodø (which is also the capital of Nordland count ...
in
Nordland
Nordland (; smj, Nordlánnda, sma, Nordlaante, sme, Nordlánda, en, Northland) is a county in Norway in the Northern Norway region, the least populous of all 11 counties, bordering Troms og Finnmark in the north, Trøndelag in the south, N ...
county,
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...
. It is located about southeast of the
town of Bodø. The narrow channel connects the outer
Saltfjorden
Saltfjorden or Saltenfjorden is a fjord in the municipalities of Bodø and Gildeskål in Nordland county, Norway. The long fjord begins around the Fleinvær islands; travels northeast past the islands of Sørarnøya, Sandhornøya, and Straumøya ...
to the large
Skjerstad Fjord
Skjerstad FjordWelle-Strand, Erling. 1988. ''2500 Miles on the Coastal Steamer''. Narvik: Notrabooks, p. 31. ( no, Skjerstadfjorden) is a fjord in the municipalities of Bodø, Fauske, and Saltdal in Nordland county, Norway. It is a long arm off ...
between the islands of
Straumøya
Straumøya is an island in the municipality of Bodø in Nordland county, Norway. The island is located on the south side of the Saltfjorden, just west of the Saltstraumen strait. The island is connected to the mainland by the Indre Sunnan Br ...
and
Knaplundsøya
Knaplundsøya or Godøya is an island in Bodø Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The island lies just southeast of the town of Bodø, between the Saltfjorden and the Skjerstadfjorden. The island is connected to the mainland and to th ...
. The
Saltstraumen Bridge
The Saltstraumen Bridge ( no, Saltstraumen bru) is a cantilever box girder bridge that crosses the Saltstraumen strait between the islands of Knaplundsøya and Straumøya in Bodø Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The bridge spans across ...
on
Norwegian County Road 17
County Road 17 ( no, Fylkesvei 17), also known as the Coastal Highway ( no, Kystriksveien), is a Norwegian highway that runs from the town of Bodø in Nordland county (in the north) to the town of Steinkjer in Trøndelag county (in the south). I ...
crosses Saltstraumen.
Current
Saltstraumen has one of the strongest tidal currents in the world.
Up to of seawater
forces its way through a long and wide strait every six hours.
Vortices
In fluid dynamics, a vortex ( : vortices or vortexes) is a region in a fluid in which the flow revolves around an axis line, which may be straight or curved. Vortices form in stirred fluids, and may be observed in smoke rings, whirlpools in th ...
known as
whirlpool
A whirlpool is a body of rotating water produced by opposing currents or a current running into an obstacle. Small whirlpools form when a bath or a sink is draining. More powerful ones formed in seas or oceans may be called maelstroms ( ). ''Vo ...
s or
maelstrom
Maelstrom may refer to:
* Maelstrom (whirlpool), a powerful whirlpool
** originally the Moskstraumen in English
Amusement rides
* Maelstrom (ride), a former log flume dark ride attraction in the Epcot theme park at Walt Disney World Resort ...
s up to in diameter and in depth are formed when the current is at its strongest. At this point, one source claims that the tidal current can reach .
Saltstraumen has existed for about two to three thousand years. Before that, the area was different due to
post-glacial rebound
Post-glacial rebound (also called isostatic rebound or crustal rebound) is the rise of land masses after the removal of the huge weight of ice sheets during the last glacial period, which had caused isostatic depression. Post-glacial rebound a ...
. The current is created when the tide tries to fill Skjerstad Fjord. The height difference between the
sea level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardised g ...
and the fjord inside can be up to . When the current turns, there is a period when the strait is navigable.
![Saltstraumen quiet](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Saltstraumen_quiet.JPG)
The above account of the Saltstraumen is rather different than what The Norwegian Pilot reports. The Pilot’s description of the normal current is based on the time of the high tide at Bodø. The greatest southbound current occurs about one and a quarter hours before Bodø high tide, when the inflowing current reaches about . The speed of the current has a broad maximum being greater than from three hours before Bodø high tide until half an hour after Bodø high tide. The greatest northbound current occurs about four and a half hours after Bodø high tide, when the outflowing current reaches over . The speed of this current also has a broad maximum being above six knots from two hours and forty minutes after Bodø high tide until five and a half hours before the next Bodø high tide. The behavior of the current may differ from normal due to strong winds or when more fresh water than usual is entering into the fjord from the surrounding mountains.
Fishing
Saltstraumen is popular with
anglers, due to its abundance of fish such as
saithe
The saithe ( or ) (''Pollachius virens'') is a species of marine fish in the Pollock genus ''Pollachius''. Together with '' P. pollachius'', it is generally referred to in the United States as pollock. Other names include the Boston blue (separa ...
,
cod
Cod is the common name for the demersal fish genus '' Gadus'', belonging to the family Gadidae. Cod is also used as part of the common name for a number of other fish species, and one species that belongs to genus ''Gadus'' is commonly not call ...
,
wolffish
Anarhichadidae, the wolffishes, sea wolves or wolf eels, is a family of marine ray finned fishes belonging to the order Scorpaeniformes. These are predatory, eel shaped fishes which are native to the cold waters of the Arctic, North Pacific and ...
,
rose fish
''Sebastes norvegicus'', the rose fish, ocean perch, Atlantic redfish, Norway haddock, golden redfish or pinkbelly rosefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorp ...
, and
halibut
Halibut is the common name for three flatfish in the genera '' Hippoglossus'' and ''Reinhardtius'' from the family of right-eye flounders and, in some regions, and less commonly, other species of large flatfish.
The word is derived from ''h ...
.
Coalfish
The saithe ( or ) (''Pollachius virens'') is a species of marine fish in the Pollock genus ''Pollachius''. Together with '' P. pollachius'', it is generally referred to in the United States as pollock. Other names include the Boston blue (separa ...
is a specialty of the area. The largest documented coalfish of was caught in Saltstraumen on a fishing rod.
Eider
Eiders () are large seaducks in the genus ''Somateria''. The three extant species all breed in the cooler latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.
The down feathers of eider ducks, and some other ducks and geese, are used to fill pillows and quilt ...
s are the only birds capable of diving for
mussel
Mussel () is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and Freshwater bivalve, freshwater habitats. These groups have in common a shell whose outline is elongated and asymmetrical compared with other ...
s in the strong stream.
Name
The first element is the name of the district
Salten
Salten is a traditional district in Nordland county, Norway. It includes the municipalities of Meløy, Gildeskål, Bodø, Beiarn, Saltdal, Fauske, Sørfold, Steigen, and Hamarøy. Salten covers an area of about and has a population (2016) ...
and the last element is the definite form of ''straum'', meaning "stream" or "water flow".
History
The remains of a 10,000-year-old hunter settlement in the area are the oldest known traces of human settlement in Bodø, and also one of the oldest archaeological discoveries in Norway. These hunters lived on the edge of the ice, attracted by the abundance of fish caused by the strong currents.
Media gallery
See also
*
Maelstrom
Maelstrom may refer to:
* Maelstrom (whirlpool), a powerful whirlpool
** originally the Moskstraumen in English
Amusement rides
* Maelstrom (ride), a former log flume dark ride attraction in the Epcot theme park at Walt Disney World Resort ...
*
Tidal bore
Tidal is the adjectival form of tide.
Tidal may also refer to:
* ''Tidal'' (album), a 1996 album by Fiona Apple
* Tidal (king), a king involved in the Battle of the Vale of Siddim
* TidalCycles, a live coding environment for music
* Tidal (servic ...
*
Skookumchuck Narrows
Skookumchuck Narrows is a strait forming the entrance of Sechelt Inlet on British Columbia's Sunshine Coast in Canada. Before broadening into Sechelt Inlet, all of its tidal flow together with that of Salmon Inlet and Narrows Inlet must pa ...
*
Horizontal Falls
The Horizontal Falls, or Horizontal Waterfalls, nicknamed the "Horries" and known as Garaanngaddim by the local Indigenous people, are an unusual natural phenomenon on the coast of the Kimberley region in Western Australia, where tidal flows ...
, where the tide creates a water fall with a drop of 5 metres, as the water flows at the maximum rate.
References
External links
Local Norwegian site with details about the current, in EnglishVisit Norway's guide to Saltstraumen
{{authority control
Whirlpools
Landforms of Nordland
Bodies of water of Norway
Bodø
Tourist attractions in Nordland
Straits of Norway
Articles containing video clips