![Mexico](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Salsa_mexicana.jpg)
''Pico de gallo'' (, ), also called ''salsa fresca'' ('fresh sauce'), ''salsa bandera'' ('flag sauce'), and ''salsa cruda'' ('raw sauce'), is a type of
salsa
Salsa most often refers to:
* Salsa (Mexican cuisine), a variety of sauces used as condiments
* Salsa music, a popular style of Latin American music
* Salsa (dance), a Latin dance associated with Salsa music
Salsa or SALSA may also refer to:
A ...
commonly used in
Mexican cuisine
Mexican cuisine consists of the cooking cuisines and traditions of the modern country of Mexico. Its earliest roots lie in Mesoamerican cuisine. Its ingredients and methods begin with the first agricultural communities such as the Olmec and M ...
. It is traditionally made from chopped
tomato
The tomato is the edible berry of the plant ''Solanum lycopersicum'', commonly known as the tomato plant. The species originated in western South America, Mexico, and Central America. The Mexican Nahuatl word gave rise to the Spanish word ...
,
onion
An onion (''Allium cepa'' L., from Latin ''cepa'' meaning "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus ''Allium''. The shallot is a botanical variety of the onion ...
, and
serrano pepper
The serrano pepper (''Capsicum annuum'') is a type of chili pepper that originated in the mountainous regions of the Mexican states of Puebla and Hidalgo. The name of the pepper is a reference to the mountains ('' sierras'') of these regions ...
s (
jalapeño
The jalapeño ( , , ) is a medium-sized chili pepper pod type cultivar of the species ''Capsicum annuum''. A mature jalapeño chili is long and hangs down with a round, firm, smooth flesh of wide. It can have a range of pungency, with Scovi ...
s or
habanero
The habanero (; ) is a hot variety of chili. Unripe habaneros are green, and they color as they mature. The most common color variants are orange and red, but the fruit may also be white, brown, yellow, green, or purple. Typically, a ripe haba ...
s may be used as alternatives), with salt, lime juice, and
.
''Pico de gallo'' can be used in much the same way as other Mexican liquid salsas. Because it contains less liquid, it also can be used as a main ingredient in dishes such as
tacos and
fajitas.
The tomato-based variety is widely known as ''salsa picada'' ('
minced/chopped
sauce
In cooking, a sauce is a liquid, cream, or semi-solid food, served on or used in preparing other foods. Most sauces are not normally consumed by themselves; they add flavor, moisture, and visual appeal to a dish. ''Sauce'' is a French word t ...
'). In Mexico it is normally called ''salsa mexicana'' ('Mexican sauce'). Because the colours of the red tomato, white onion, and green chili and cilantro are reminiscent of the colours of the
Mexican flag, it is also called ''salsa bandera'' ('flag sauce').
In many regions of Mexico the term ''pico de gallo'' describes any of a variety of
salad
A salad is a dish consisting of mixed, mostly natural ingredients with at least one raw ingredient. They are typically served at room temperature or chilled, though some can be served warm. Condiments and salad dressings, which exist in a va ...
s (including
fruit salads),
salsa
Salsa most often refers to:
* Salsa (Mexican cuisine), a variety of sauces used as condiments
* Salsa music, a popular style of Latin American music
* Salsa (dance), a Latin dance associated with Salsa music
Salsa or SALSA may also refer to:
A ...
, or
filling
Filling may refer to:
* a food mixture used for stuffing
* Icing (food), Frosting used between layers of a cake
* Dental restoration
* Symplectic filling, a kind of cobordism in mathematics
* Part of the leather crusting process
See also
* Fi ...
s made with
tomato
The tomato is the edible berry of the plant ''Solanum lycopersicum'', commonly known as the tomato plant. The species originated in western South America, Mexico, and Central America. The Mexican Nahuatl word gave rise to the Spanish word ...
,
tomatillo
The tomatillo (''Physalis philadelphica'' and ''Physalis ixocarpa''), also known as the Mexican husk tomato, is a plant of the nightshade family bearing small, spherical, and green or green-purple fruit of the same name. Tomatillos originated ...
,
avocado
The avocado (''Persea americana'') is a medium-sized, evergreen tree in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is native to the Americas and was first domesticated by Mesoamerican tribes more than 5,000 years ago. Then as now it was prized for i ...
,
orange,
jícama, cucumber,
papaya
The papaya (, ), papaw, () or pawpaw () is the plant species ''Carica papaya'', one of the 21 accepted species in the genus ''Carica'' of the family Caricaceae. It was first domesticated in Mesoamerica, within modern-day southern Mexico and ...
, or mild chilis. The ingredients are tossed in lime juice and optionally with either
hot sauce
Hot sauce is a type of condiment, seasoning, or salsa made from chili peppers and other ingredients. Many commercial varieties of mass-produced hot sauce exist.
History
Humans have used chili peppers and other hot spices for thousands of years ...
or
chamoy, then sprinkled with a salty
chili powder
Chili powder (also spelled chile, chilli, or, alternatively, powdered chili) is the dried, pulverized fruit of one or more varieties of chili pepper, sometimes with the addition of other spices (in which case it is also sometimes known as chili p ...
.
Etymology
According to
food writer Sharon Tyler Herbst
Sharon K. Herbst (November 26, 1942 – January 26, 2007) was an American cookbook and culinary books author.
Born as Sharon Tyler in Chicago, she was raised in Denver, Colorado. She may have been best known for her fourth book, the culinary refe ...
, ''pico de gallo'' ("rooster's beak") is named thus because originally people ate it by pinching pieces between the
thumb
The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger. When a person is standing in the medical anatomical position (where the palm is facing to the front), the thumb is the outermost digit. The Medical Latin English noun for thumb ...
and
forefinger.
In their book ''Authentic Mexican: Regional Cooking from the Heart of Mexico'',
Rick Bayless and Deann Groen speculate that the name might allude to the
bird feed
Bird food or bird seed is food (often varieties of seeds, nuts, and/or dried fruits) intended for consumption by wild and domestic birds. While most bird food is fed to commercial fowl (such as chicken or turkey), bird food is also used to fee ...
–like texture and appearance of the mince.
Many native residents of the
Sonoran Mexico region explain that the salsa is thus named because the
serrano pepper
The serrano pepper (''Capsicum annuum'') is a type of chili pepper that originated in the mountainous regions of the Mexican states of Puebla and Hidalgo. The name of the pepper is a reference to the mountains ('' sierras'') of these regions ...
resembles a rooster's beak in shape.
[Wilder, Janos. ''The Great Chiles Rellenos Book''. Ten Speed Press, 2013.]
The Spanish
''picar'' means "to chop" or "to bite" (in the sense of a spicy chili having a "bite"); in the first person conjugation, ''picar'' becomes ''pico''.
See also
*
Xnipec
Xnipec (; meaning 'dog snout') is a spicy sauce native to the Yucatán peninsula, made with habanero pepper, purple onion, bitter orange juice and salt. Sometimes oregano, vinegar, bay leaf, coriander or pepper are also used. If sweet orange is ...
*
Dabu-dabu
*
Kachumber
Kachumber, or cachumber, is a salad dish in Indian cuisine consisting of fresh chopped tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, lemon juice, and sometimes, chili peppers. It is similar to many other Mediterranean and Middle Eastern salads consisting of the s ...
*
Pebre
Pebre is a Chilean condiment made of coriander and/or parsley, chopped onion, vinegar, a neutral oil, ground or pureed spicy aji peppers, and usually chopped tomatoes. Pebre is most commonly used on bread. It is also used on meat, or when meat su ...
*
Vinagrete
Vinagrete, or molho campanha is a typical Brazilian condiment made of chopped tomato, chopped onion, olive oil, vinegar, either parsley or sweet peppers, and salt. It usually accompanies salads, grilled meat, feijoada, pastel and roasted chicken. ...
*
Salad
A salad is a dish consisting of mixed, mostly natural ingredients with at least one raw ingredient. They are typically served at room temperature or chilled, though some can be served warm. Condiments and salad dressings, which exist in a va ...
*
Shirazi salad
Shirazi salad ( fa, سالاد شیرازی ''sālād shirāzi'') is an Iranian cuisine, Iranian salad that originated from and is named after Shiraz in southern Iran. It is a relatively modern dish, dating to sometime after the introduction of th ...
*
List of Mexican dishes
The Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire occurred in the 16th century. The basic staples since then remain native foods such as corn, beans, squash and chili peppers, but the Europeans introduced many other foods, the most important of which were ...
*
List of tomato dishes
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pico De Gallo
Condiments
Cuisine of the Southwestern United States
Mexican cuisine
Mexican garnish
New Mexican cuisine
Salads
Spanish words and phrases
Tex-Mex cuisine
Tomato dishes
Vegetable dishes
Vegan cuisine