''Salasvirus'' (synonyms ''Phi29-like phages'', ''Phi29-like viruses'', ''Phi29likevirus'') is a genus of

virus A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1 ...

es in the order ''

Caudovirales ''Caudovirales'' is an order of viruses known as the tailed bacteriophages (''cauda'' is Latin for "tail"). Under the Baltimore classification scheme, the ''Caudovirales'' are group I viruses as they have double stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes, ...

'', in the family '' Salasmaviridae'', in the subfamily ''

Picovirinae ''Picovirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Salasmaviridae''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are two genera and seven species in this subfamily. Taxonomy The following genera and species are r ...

''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus.

Taxonomy

The following four species are assigned to the genus: *''

Bacillus virus Goe6 ''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli ...

'' *''

Bacillus virus Gxv1 ''Bacillus'' (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum ''Bacillota'', with 266 named species. The term is also used to describe the shape (rod) of other so-shaped bacteria; and the plural ''Bacilli ...

'' *''

Bacillus virus phi29 ''Bacillus virus Φ29'' (bacteriophage Φ29) is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophage with a prolate icosahedral head and a short tail that belongs to the genus ''Salasvirus'', order ''Caudovirales'', and family ''Salasmaviridae''. They a ...

'' *'' Bacillus virus PZA''

Structure

Salasviruses are

nonenveloped A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. Numerous human pathogenic viruses in circulation are encase ...

, with a head and tail. The head has a T=3, Q=5 symmetry, and is approximately 45 nm by 54 nm. The tail is non-contractile and has a collar with twelve appendages.

Genome

Genomes are linear, around 20kb in length. Some of the viruses' genomes have been fully sequenced and are available on NCBI's website. They range between 18k and 22k nucleotides, with 17 to 35 proteins. The complete genomes are availabl
here
ref name=NCBI>

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The virus attaches to the host cell adhesion receptors using its tail fibers, and ejects the viral DNA into the host periplasm. Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Once the viral DNA has been replicated, the procapsid is assembled and packed, and the tail is assembled. Finally, the mature virions are released via lysis. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.

History

According to ICTV, the genus ''Phi29likevirus'' was first accepted under the name ''phi29-like phages'' i
1996
assigned only to family

Podoviridae ''Podoviridae'' is a family of bacteriophage in the order ''Caudovirales'' often associated with T-7 like phages. There are 130 species in this family, assigned to 3 subfamilies and 52 genera. This family is characterized by having very short, n ...

. The family was moved to the newly created order

in 1998. In 1999, ICTV'
seventh report
renamed the genus to ''phi29-like viruses''. The genus was moved to the newly created sub-family

in 2009, and again renamed i
2012
this time to ''Phi29likevirus'' The genus was later renamed to ''Salasvirus''.

References

External links

ICTV
{{Use dmy dates, date=April 2017 Picovirinae Virus genera