Boralday () is a
kurgan
A kurgan is a type of tumulus constructed over a grave, often characterized by containing a single human body along with grave vessels, weapons and horses. Originally in use on the Pontic–Caspian steppe, kurgans spread into much of Central As ...
necropolis
A necropolis (plural necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek ''nekropolis'', literally meaning "city of the dead".
The term usually im ...
in
Almaty, Kazakhstan
Almaty (; kk, Алматы; ), formerly known as Alma-Ata ( kk, Алма-Ата), is the List of most populous cities in Kazakhstan, largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of about 2 million. It was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1929 to ...
, dating to the early
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age (Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostly appl ...
and associated with the
Saka people
The Saka ( Old Persian: ; Kharoṣṭhī: ; Ancient Egyptian: , ; , old , mod. , ), Shaka (Sanskrit ( Brāhmī): , , ; Sanskrit (Devanāgarī): , ), or Sacae (Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ) were a group of nomadic Iranian peoples who histo ...
.
Located on the southeastern outskirts of the village of
Boralday
Boralday ( kk, Боралдай, ''Boraldai'') is a town located some 5 kilometres to the north of Almaty in Almaty Region of south-eastern Kazakhstan. The airport Boraldai Airport is located in the southeast part of the town. It is connected b ...
, the site comprises 47 burial mounds spread over 430 hectares on the left bank of the Bolshaya Almatinka River.
The site was discovered in 1990
and was declared a protected monument in 2010. There are plans to turn the site into a museum.
The complex was first scientifically described and registered by the archaeologist Ageeva in 1956 year.
Archaeological Park "Boralday Sak Barrows"
By the Decree № 1/185-390 of the Almaty City Akimat on March 28, 2006 the territory occupied by the kurgans was transferred under the jurisdiction of the Museum of Almaty to create a unique open-air museum - Archaeological Park "Borolday Sak barrows", which should include an archaeological park and ethnopark "Monuments of nomadic architecture and life of the Kazakh people".
In 2016, M. M. Nurpeisov, scientific secretary of the Association of Museums of Almaty, specified that the main direction of development is the idea of an ecopark. It is planned that there will be small groves around, and in the central part of this park, where the mounds themselves are located, the landscape should be preserved as much as possible.
On May 27, 2017, the park hosted a festival of nomadic culture, where visitors could actually see the "Sarmatian Priestess," which was found in the Taksai 1 mound, gold jewelry, and items of Saka culture. Visitors also took part in a subbotnik to beautify the park's territory.
Necropolis
The
necropolis
A necropolis (plural necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek ''nekropolis'', literally meaning "city of the dead".
The term usually im ...
comprises 430 hectares, and includes 47 mounds of the Saka period from the 5th to the 3rd centuries BC. The necropolis is located in chains in the South-North and South-West-North-East. The burial ground is 3 km long and 800 meters wide. The height of the largest mound, which is located in the center of the necropolis, is 14 meters, and the diameter is 100 meters. There are also several mounds with a height of 5–6 meters and a diameter of 60–80 meters. Medium-sized mounds have a height of 3 meters and a diameter of 30–40 meters, and the small one have a height of 1–1,5 meters and a diameter of 10–20 meters. The dry climate conditions in the area have preserved and mummified remains, including human remains, clothing, and various objects. A burial area for horses has also been found.
Monument status
On November 10, 2010, a new State List of Historical and Cultural Monuments of Local Significance in Almaty was approved, simultaneously with which all previous decisions on this subject were declared null and void. In this decree, the status of the Boroldai Mounds as a monument of local importance was retained. The boundaries of the protection zones were approved in 2014.
References
Further reading
*
Боралдай Курган
* Управление культуры г. Алматы. Курганный некрополь (могильник) Боролдай
* Открытие археологического парка «Боралдайские Сакские Курганы»
* Энциклопедия Алматы. Боралдай, курганы
* Постановление Акимата города Алматы от 10 ноября 2010 года N 4/840 «Об утверждении Государственного списка памятников истории и культуры местного значения города Алматы»
* Решение ХХХI сессии маслихата города Алматы V созыва от 10 сентября 2014 года N 261 «Об утверждении границ охранных зон, зон регулирования застройки и зон охраняемого природного ландшафта объектов историко–культурного наследия города Алматы»
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saka Kurgans tombs
Buildings and structures completed in the 3rd century BC
1990 archaeological discoveries
Iranian archaeological sites
Culture in Almaty
Archaeological sites in Kazakhstan
Tumuli in Kazakhstan
Iron Age sites in Asia
Saka