Saint Andrews Parish, New Brunswick

Saint Andrews Parish is a civil parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada, located east of St. Stephen.

The parish lost political significance after county municipalities were abolished in 1966. Local governance in the area is now provided by two entities: the town of Saint Andrews, which includes Navy Island and the Chamcook Local Service District, which includes Ministers Island. The LSD assesses for fire, police, zoning, emergency measures and animal control services. The taxing authority is 513.00 Chamcook. Both the town and the LSD are members of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission (SNBSC).

Statistics Canada divides the area into Saint Andrews, Parish, and Saint Andrews, Town.

Origin of name

Historian William F. Ganong notes the use of ''St. Andrews Point'' in the Owen Journal of 1770 but considered the name to date back to French times.

Five of the original six mainland parishes of Charlotte County used names of major saints recognised by the Church of England: Andrew (Scotland), David (Wales), George (England), Patrick (Ireland), and Stephen.

History

Saint Andrews Parish was erected in 1786 as one of the county's original parishes, including most of Saint Croix Parish and parts of Saint David and Saint Patrick Parishes.

The local service district of the parish of Saint Andrews comprised all of the parish outside Saint Andrews. It was established in 1970 to assess for fire protection. First aid and ambulance services were added in 1975. It was replaced by Chamcook in 1997.

Boundaries

Saint Andrews Parish is bounded: Remainder of parish on map 166 at same site. Remainder of parish on mapbook 496 at same site.

* on the north and northeast by a line beginning on the eastern side of Little Chamcook Lake, then running easterly along the northern line of a grant to Amos White to a point about 100 metres east of Mitchell Brook, then east-southeasterly about 500 metres to meet the eastern line of the White grant, then southeasterly along the White grant and the Glebe lot to Birch Cove;
* on the east by Birch Cove, Big Bay, and Passamaquoddy Bay;
* on the south by Passamaquoddy Bay;
* on the west by the St. Croix River and a line running northeasterly along the northern line of the main grant of St. Andrews to near Edwards Corner, then northwesterly about 2.5 kilometres along the rear line of grants on the St. Croix River, then northeasterly to the shore of Chamcook Lake, then counterclockwise along the shore of Chamcook Lake to the mouth of the creek, then northerly along the creek and Little Chamcook Lake to the starting point;
* including Ministers Island and Navy Island.

Evolution of boundaries

Saint Andrews' original eastern boundary ran straight from the original southeastern corner of the Cape Association grant that makes up the northern part of Saint David Parish to join its modern northeastern boundary near the head of Mitchell Brook, cutting through the southwestern corner of Saint Patrick Parish and leaving the northeastern part of Saint Croix Parish as part of Saint Patrick. Five grants north of the junction of Board Road and Route 760 that are now part of Saint David Parish were also part of Saint Andrews.

In 1874 the northern part of Saint Andrews was erected as Saint Croix, taking all parts of the parish now in Saint Croix, Saint David, and Saint Patrick as well as a bit of territory north of Wileys Corner and land between the railway and the Chamcook Lakes.

In 1958 the modern boundary with Saint Croix was established, transferring everything between the railway and the Chamcook Lakes to Saint Andrews, as well as territory north of Wileys Corner.

Communities

Communities at least partly within the parish. bold indicates an incorporated municipality; ''italics'' indicates a name no longer in official use

* Bar Road
* Chamcook (''St. Andrews North'')
* Chamcook Lake
* ''Dougherty''
* Edwards Corner
* Saint Andrews

Bodies of water

Bodies of waterNot including brooks, ponds or coves. at least partly within the parish.

* St. Croix River
* Pottery Creek
* Passamaquoddy Bay
* St. Andrews Harbour
* Big Bay (on boundary)
* Chamcook Harbour
* Chamcook Channel
* Western Channel
* Chamcook Lake (boundary)
* Kerrs Lake
* Little Chamcook Lake (boundary)

Islands

Islands at least partly within the parish. ''italics'' indicates a name no longer in official use
* Ministers Island
* Navy Island (''St. Andrews Island'')

Other notable places

Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places at least partly within the parish.

* Charlotte County Court House
* Charlotte County Gaol
* Charlotte County Registry Office
* Dunn McQuoid House
* Gladstone Smith House
* Hansen House
* Ministers Island Provincial Park
* Minister's Island Wildlife Management Area
* Pagan Point
* St. Andrews Blockhouse National Historic Site
* Sheriff Andrews House Provincial Park

Demographics

Population total does not include the town of Saint Andrews

Population

Language

Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the parish, including external routes that start or finish at the parish limits:Atlantic Canada Back Road Atlas Pages 4, 12

*Highways
**None

*Principal Routes
**

*Secondary Routes:
**None

*External Routes:
**None

See also

*List of parishes in New Brunswick

Notes

References

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Parishes of Charlotte County, New Brunswick