Saʿīd ibn Zayd, ( ar, سعيد ابن زيد; 593-671), also known by his '' kunya'' Abūʾl-Aʿwar, was a companion ( ar, الصحابة) of the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...

. Sa'id has been described as a tall, hairy, dark-skinned man.

Conversion to Islam

Sa'id became a Muslim not later than 614.Hughes, T. P. (1885/1999). "Sa'id ibn Zaid" in ''Dictionary of Islam'', p. 555. New Delhi. His wife Fatima was also an early convert. At first they kept their faith secret because Fatima's brother Umar was a prominent persecutor of Muslims. Khabbab ibn al-Aratt often visited their house and read the

Qur'an The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , sing. ...

to Fatima. One day Umar entered their house while Khabbab was reading and demanded to know what the "balderdash" was. When they denied that anything had been read, Umar seized Sa'id and knocked him to the floor. Fatima stood up to defend her husband, and Umar hit her so hard that she bled. The couple admitted that they were Muslims. At the sight of the blood, Umar was sorry for what he had done, and asked to see what they had been reading. It was ''

Ta-Ha Ṭā Hā (; ar, طه) is the 20th chapter (''sūrah'') of the Qur'an with 135 verses ('' āyāt''). It is named "Ṭā Hā" because the chapter starts with the Arabic ''ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt'' (disjoined letters): (Ṭāhā) which ...

'', later to become the twentieth ''

Surah A ''surah'' (; ar, سورة, sūrah, , ), is the equivalent of "chapter" in the Qur'an. There are 114 ''surahs'' in the Quran, each divided into '' ayats'' (verses). The chapters or ''surahs'' are of unequal length; the shortest surah ('' Al-K ...

'' of the Qur'an. Impressed by the beauty of the words, Umar decided to become a Muslim.

Emigration to Medina

Sa'id joined the general

emigration Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanentl ...

Medina Medina,, ', "the radiant city"; or , ', (), "the city" officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah (, , Turkish: Medine-i Münevvere) and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah (, ), is the Holiest sites in Islam, second-holiest city in Islam, ...

in 622 and at first lodged in the house of Rifa'a ibn Abdul-Mundhir. He was made the brother in Islam of Rafi ibn Malik of the Zurayq clan; but an alternative tradition names his brother in Islam as Talha ibn Ubaydallah. Sa'id and Talha missed the

Battle of Badr The Battle of Badr ( ar, غَزْوَةُ بَدِرْ ), also referred to as The Day of the Criterion (, ) in the Quran, Qur'an and by Muslims, was fought on 13 March 624 CE (17 Ramadan (calendar month), Ramadan, 2 Anno Hegirae, AH), near the ...

because Muhammad sent them ahead as scouts to report on the movements of Abu Sufyan's caravan. When they heard that they had missed the caravan, they returned to Medina, only to find that Muhammad and his army had already reached Badr. They set out for Badr and met the returning victorious army at Turban. However, Muhammad gave them a share of the ''Maal e Ganimat'' (spoils of war) as if they had been present. Sa'id participated in all the other battles in which Muhammad personally fought. He served as Muhammad's secretary and recorded the verses of the Quran.

During the time of the Caliphs

In the time of

Muawiyah I Mu'awiya I ( ar, معاوية بن أبي سفيان, Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān; –April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death. He became caliph less than thirty years after the deat ...

(r. 661–680) he was Governor of

Kufa Kufa ( ar, الْكُوفَة ), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about south of Baghdad, and northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000. Currently, Kufa and Najaf ...

Death

He died in 671 CE (51 AH) during the reign of Muawiyah I at al-Aqiq. His body was carried back to Medina and buried there by

Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas , image = File:Saad ibn Abi Waqqas Masjid an-Nabawi Calligraphy.png , alt = , caption = His name in Arabic calligraphy , birth_date = , death_date = , birth_place = Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia , death_place ...

and Abdullah ibn Umar. Sa'id said that Muhammad once guaranteed

Paradise In religion, paradise is a place of exceptional happiness and delight. Paradisiacal notions are often laden with pastoral imagery, and may be cosmogonical or eschatological or both, often compared to the miseries of human civilization: in paradis ...

to ten men who were then present and named nine of them. Then he hinted that the tenth man had been himself. This story of

the ten to whom Paradise was promised The ten to whom Paradise was promised (Arabic: ar, العشرة المبشرون, translit=al-ʿashara al-mubashsharūn, label=none or ar, العشرة المبشرة, translit=al-ʿashara al-mubashshara, label=none) were ten early Muslims to w ...

was corroborated by another of the Ten,

Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf ( ar, عبد الرحمن بن عوف) () was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. One of the wealthiest among the companions, he is known for being one of the ten to whom Paradise was promised. ...

.Tirmidhi 46:3747.
/ref>

Family

He was the son of

Zayd bin Amr Zayd ibn Amr ibn Nufayl (died 605) was a monotheist who lived in Mecca shortly before Islam. Family He was the son of Amr ibn Nufayl, a member of the Adi clan of the Quraysh tribe.Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Translat ...

, from the

Adi Adi or ADI may refer to: Names and titles * Adi (mythology), an Asura in Hindu faith who appears in the Matsya Purāṇa * Adi (name), a given name in Hebrew and a nickname in other languages * Adi (title), a Fijian title used by females of chie ...

clan of the

Quraysh The Quraysh ( ar, قُرَيْشٌ) were a grouping of Arab clans that historically inhabited and controlled the city of Mecca and its Kaaba. The Islamic prophet Muhammad was born into the Hashim clan of the tribe. Despite this, many of the Qur ...

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red ...

, and of Fatima bint Ba'ja of the Khuza'a tribe.Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). ''The Companions of Badr''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. His father was murdered in 605.Muhammad ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat Rasul Alalh''. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). ''The Life of Muhammad''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Wives and children

Sa'id had over thirty children by at least eleven different women. #

Fatimah bint al-Khattab Fatima bint al-Khattab () was a Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. She was the sister of Umar () and Zayd ibn al-Khattab. She was the youngest daughter of Khattab ibn Nufayl, who married her off with his nephew, Sa'id ibn Zayd. Fatima alo ...

, also known as Ramla or as Umm Jamil, who was his cousin and a sister of

Umar ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ( ar, عمر بن الخطاب, also spelled Omar, ) was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () as the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate o ...

, the second

Caliph A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...

. ## Abdulrahman ''the Elder'', who left no male-line descendants. # Julaysa bint Suwayd. ## Zayd, who left no male-line descendants. ## Abdullah ''the Elder'', who left no male-line descendants. ## Atiqa. # Umama bint al-Dujayj of the

Ghassan The Ghassanids ( ar, الغساسنة, translit=al-Ġasāsina, also Banu Ghassān (, romanized as: ), also called the Jafnids, were an Arab tribe which founded a kingdom. They emigrated from southern Arabia in the early 3rd century to the Levan ...

tribe. ## Abdulrahman ''the Younger'', who left no male-line descendants. ## Umar ''the Younger'', who left no male-line descendants. ## Umm Musa. ## Umm al-Hasan. # Hamza bint Qays of the Muharib ibn Fihr clan of the Quraysh. ## Muhammad. ## Ibrahim ''the Younger''. ## Abdullah ''the Younger.''. ## Umm Habib ''the Elder''. ## Umm al-Hasan ''the Younger''. ## Umm Zayd ''the Elder''. ## Umm Salama. ## Umm Habib ''the Younger''. ## Umm Sa'id ''the Elder'', who died in her father's lifetime. ## Umm Zayd. # Umm al-Aswad from the

Taghlib The Banu Taghlib (), also known as Taghlib ibn Wa'il, were an Arab tribe that originated in Najd (central Arabia), but later migrated and inhabited the Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) from the late 6th century onward. Their parent tribe was the Rabi' ...

tribe. ## Amr ''the Younger''. ## al-Aswad. # Dumkh bint al-Asbagh of the

Kalb The Banu Kalb ( ar, بنو كلب) was an Arab tribe which mainly dwelt in the desert between northwestern Arabia and central Syria. The Kalb was involved in the tribal politics of the eastern frontiers of the Byzantine Empire, possibly as early ...

tribe. ## Amr ''the Elder''. ## Talha, who died in his father's lifetime and who left no male-line descendants. ## Zujla. # Bint Qurba, also of the Taghlib tribe. ## Ibrahim. ## Hafsa # Umm Khalid, a concubine. ## Khalid. ## Umm Khalid, who died in her father's lifetime. ## Umm al-Numan. # Umm Bashir bint Abi Mas'ud ''al-Ansari''. ## Umm Zayd ''the Elder''. # A woman from the

Tayy , location = 2nd century CE–10th century: Jabal Tayy and Syrian Desert 10th century–16th century: Jabal Tayy, Syrian Desert, Jibal al-Sharat, al-Balqa, Palmyrene Steppe, Upper Mesopotamia, Northern Hejaz, Najd , parent_tribe = Madh ...

tribe. ## Umm Zayd ''the Younger'', wife of al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd. # Another Concubine. ## Aisha. ## Zaynab. ## Umm Abdul-Hawla. ## Umm Salih.

References

External links

Biodata at MuslimScholars.info
* https://web.archive.org/web/20061201214811/http://www.youngmuslims.ca/online_library/companions_of_the_prophet/SaidZayd.html * http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Articles/companion/02_abu_bakr.htm {{DEFAULTSORT:Zayd, Said 671 deaths 593 births Banu Adi Sahabah hadith narrators