''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wid ...

plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago ...

, Australia, the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

, and assorted oceanic islands. Several species are cultivated and naturalized in areas outside their native habitats.Welker, C. A. D. & H. M. Longhi-Wagner. 2012. The genera ''Eriochrysis'' P. Beauv., ''Imperata'' Cirillo and ''Saccharum'' L. (Poaceae - Andropogoneae - Saccharinae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Botany 35(1): 87–105. ''Saccharum'' includes the sugarcanes. They have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are generally rich in sugar, and measure two to six m (6 to 19 ft) tall. All sugarcane species interbreed and the major commercial

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...

s are complex hybrids.

Species

, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: * '' Saccharum alopecuroidum'' (L.) Nutt. - southeastern USA * '' Saccharum angustifolium'' (Nees) Trin. - South America * ''

Saccharum asperum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' (Nees) Steud. - South America * '' Saccharum baldwinii'' Spreng. - southeastern USA * '' Saccharum beccarii'' (Stapf) Cope - Sumatra * '' Saccharum brevibarbe'' (Michx.) Pers. - southeastern USA * '' Saccharum coarctatum'' (Fern.) R. Webster - southeastern USA * ''

Saccharum contortum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' (Baldwin ex Elliott) Nutt. - southeastern USA * ''

Saccharum fallax ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' Balansa - China, Assam, southeast Asia * ''

Saccharum filifolium ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' Steud. - Afghanistan, Himalayas * ''

Saccharum formosanum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' (Stapf) Ohwi - southern China * ''

Saccharum giganteum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' (Walt.) Pers. - southeastern USA, Cuba, Jamaica, Paraguay, Argentina * ''

Saccharum griffithii ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' Munro ex Aitch. - from Yemen to Bangladesh * ''

Saccharum intermedium ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted oceani ...

'' Welker & Peichoto * ''

Saccharum kajkaiense ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' (Melderis) Melderis - Oman, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan * ''

Saccharum longesetosum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' (Andersson) V.Naray. ex Bor - China, Himalayas, Indochina * '' Saccharum maximum'' (Brongn.) Trin. - Pacific Islands * '' Saccharum narenga'' (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. - China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Ethiopia * ''

Saccharum officinarum ''Saccharum officinarum'' is a large, strong-growing species of grass in the genus '' Saccharum''. Its stout stalks are rich in sucrose, a simple sugar which accumulates in the stalk internodes. It originated in New Guinea, and is now cultivated ...

'' L. - New Guinea; naturalized in many warm places * ''

Saccharum robustum ''Saccharum robustum'', the robust cane, is a species of plant found in New Guinea. Ecology ''Eumetopina flavipes'', the island sugarcane planthopper, a species of planthopper present throughout South East Asia and is a vector for the Ramu stun ...

'' Brandes & Jesw. ex Grassl - New Guinea * ''

Saccharum rufipilum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' Steud. - China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina * '' Saccharum sikkimense'' (Hook.f.) V.Naray. ex Bor - eastern Himalayas * ''Saccharum'' × ''sinense'' Roxb. – China * ''

Saccharum spontaneum ''Saccharum spontaneum'' (wild sugarcane, Kans grass) is a grass native to the Indian Subcontinent. It is a perennial grass, growing up to three meters in height, with spreading rhizomatous roots. In the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands, a l ...

'' L. - Asia, Africa, Sicily, Papuasia * ''

Saccharum stewartii ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted ocea ...

'' Rajesw., R.R.Rao & Arti Garg - western Himalayas * ''

Saccharum velutinum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plant, perennial plants of the Andropogoneae, broomsedge tribe within the Poaceae, grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Aust ...

'' (Holttum) Cope - Peninsular Malaysia * ''

Saccharum villosum ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plant, perennial plants of the Andropogoneae, broomsedge tribe within the Poaceae, grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Aust ...

'' Steud. - South America, Mesoamerica * ''

Saccharum wardii ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plant, perennial plants of the Andropogoneae, broomsedge tribe within the Poaceae, grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Aust ...

'' (Bor) Bor ex Cope - Assam, Bhutan, Myanmar * ''

Saccharum williamsii ''Saccharum'' is a genus of tall perennial plant, perennial plants of the Andropogoneae, broomsedge tribe within the Poaceae, grass family. The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Aust ...

'' (Bor) Bor ex Cope - Nepal Placed in ''

Lasiorhachis ''Lasiorhachis'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Madagascar. The taxon was first described as a subdivision of ''Andropogon'' by Eduard Hackel in 1889 and raised to a genus by Otto Stapf (botanist), Otto Stapf in 19 ...

'' by Plants of the World Online : * ''Saccharum hildebrandtii'' (Hack.) Clayton → ''

Lasiorhachis hildebrandtii ''Lasiorhachis'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Madagascar. The taxon was first described as a subdivision of '' Andropogon'' by Eduard Hackel in 1889 and raised to a genus by Otto Stapf in 1927. Species , Plan ...

'' * ''Saccharum perrieri'' (A.Camus) Clayton. → ''

Lasiorhachis perrieri ''Lasiorhachis'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Madagascar. The taxon was first described as a subdivision of '' Andropogon'' by Eduard Hackel Eduard Hackel (17 March 1850, Haida, Bohemia – 2 February 1926, ...

'' * ''Saccharum viguieri'' (A.Camus) Clayton → ''

Lasiorhachis viguieri ''Lasiorhachis'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Madagascar. The taxon was first described as a subdivision of ''Andropogon'' by Eduard Hackel in 1889 and raised to a genus by Otto Stapf (botanist), Otto Stapf in 19 ...

'' Placed in ''

Tripidium ''Tripidium'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Spain, Morocco, Korea and New Guinea. The genus name was first published by Hildemar Wolfgang Scholz in 2006 as a replacement for the illegitimate name ''Ripidium''. ...

'' by Plants of the World Online : * ''Saccharum arundinaceum'' Retz. - East + South + Southeast Asia; New Guinea → ''

Tripidium arundinaceum ''Tripidium arundinaceum'', synonym ''Saccharum arundinaceum'', commonly known as hardy sugar cane, is a grass native to tropical and subtropical Asia from India to Korea and New Guinea. In the Tamil language it is known as நாணல் − ...

'' * ''Saccharum bengalense'' Retz. - India, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan → ''

Tripidium bengalense ''Tripidium bengalense'', synonym ''Saccharum bengalense'', with the common names munj sweetcane, baruwa sugarcane or baruwa grass, is a plant of the genus '' Tripidium'' native to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, northern India, Nepal, Bangladesh an ...

'' * ''Saccharum kanashiroi'' (Ohwi) Ohwi - Ryukyu Islands → ''

Tripidium kanashiroi ''Tripidium'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Spain, Morocco, Korea and New Guinea. The genus name was first published by Hildemar Wolfgang Scholz in 2006 as a replacement for the illegitimate name ''Ripidium''. ...

'' * ''Saccharum procerum'' Roxb. - China, Himalayas, Indochina → ''

Tripidium procerum ''Tripidium'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Spain, Morocco, Korea and New Guinea. The genus name was first published by Hildemar Wolfgang Scholz in 2006 as a replacement for the illegitimate name ''Ripidium''. ...

'' * ''Saccharum ravennae'' (L.) L. - Europe, Asia, Africa → ''

Tripidium ravennae ''Tripidium ravennae'', synonym ''Saccharum ravennae'' (and many others), with the common names ravennagrass and elephant grass, is a species of grass in the genus '' Tripidium''. It is native to southern Europe, western Asia and South Asia and ...

'' * ''Saccharum strictum'' (Host) Spreng. - from Italy to Iran → ''

Tripidium strictum ''Tripidium'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Poaceae, native to Spain, Morocco, Korea and New Guinea. The genus name was first published by Hildemar Wolfgang Scholz in 2006 as a replacement for the illegitimate name ''Ripidium''. ...

Formerly included

Numerous species are now considered better suited in other genera: '' Andropogon, Chloris,

Digitaria ''Digitaria'' is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and warm temperate regions but can occur in tropical, subtropical, and cooler temperate regions as well. Common names include crabgrass, finger-grass, and fonio. They are ...

Eriochrysis ''Eriochrysis'' is a genus of African and Neotropical plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Eriochrysis brachypogon'' (Stapf) Stapf - tropical + southern Africa - from Senegal to Eswatini * ''Eriochrysis cayennensis'' P.Beauv. - tropical Am ...

, Eulalia,

Gynerium ''Gynerium'' is a monotypic genus of Neotropical plants in the grass family, native to Mexico and Colombia, Central America, South America, and the West Indies. It is classified in its own tribe Gynerieae. The sole species in the genus is ''G ...

Hemarthria ''Hemarthria'' is a genus of herbaceous plants in the grass family. They occur in the tropical and subtropical Old World, especially in China and Southeast Asia, with some species in Africa, Australia, and southern Europe.

Imperata ''Imperata'' is a small but widespread genus of tropical and subtropical grasses, commonly known as satintails. Satintail grass species are perennial rhizomatous herbs with solid, erect stems and silky inflorescences. The best known species is ...

Lophopogon ''Lophopogon'' is a genus of Indian plants in the Poaceae, grass family. ; SpeciesBor, N. L. 1960. Grasses of Burma, Ceylon, India and Pakistan (excluding Bambuseae) i–767. Pergamon Press, Oxford * ''Lophopogon kingii'' Hook.f. - Bihar * ''Lop ...

Melinis ''Melinis'' is a genus of African and Arabian plants in the grass family. The generic name is derived from the Greek ''meline'' meaning "millet". ; Species ; formerly included numerous species now regarded as better suited to ''Tricholaena ...

Miscanthus ''Miscanthus'', or silvergrass, is a genus of African, Eurasian, and Pacific Island plants in the grass family, Poaceae. ; Species * '' Miscanthus changii'' Y.N.Lee – Korea * '' Miscanthus depauperatus'' Merr. – the Philippines * '' Miscant ...

Panicum ''Panicum'' (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, growi ...

Pappophorum ''Pappophorum'' is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to the Western Hemisphere. Members of the genus are commonly known as pappusgrass. ; SpeciesDavidse, G. 1994. 73. ''Pappophorum'' Schreber. 6: 257. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánche ...

Paspalum ''Paspalum'' is a genus of plants in the grass family. The group is widespread across much of Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. Commonly known as paspalum, bahiagrasses, crowngrasses or dallis grasses, many of the species are tall pere ...

, Perotis,

Pogonatherum ''Pogonatherum'' is a genus of Asian and oceanic island plants in the grass family. ; Species * '' Pogonatherum biaristatum'' S.L.Chen & G.Y.Sheng - Hainan * '' Pogonatherum crinitum'' (Thunb.) Kunth - Indian Subcontinent, China, Japan, south ...

Pseudopogonatherum ''Pseudopogonatherum'' is a genus of Asian and Australian plants in the grass family . ; Species * ''Pseudopogonatherum contortum'' (Brongn.) A.Camus - China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia * ''Pseudopogonatherum filifolium'' (S.L.Chen) H.Y ...

Spodiopogon ''Spodiopogon'' is a genus of Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-E ...

, and

Tricholaena ''Tricholaena'' is a genus of Asian, African, and Italian plants in the grass family. ; Species * ''Tricholaena capensis'' (Licht. ex Roem. & Schult.) Nees - Free State, Namibia, Cape Province * ''Tricholaena monachne'' (Trin.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb ...

''.

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q17136949 Poaceae genera

Species

Formerly included

See also

References

External links