The 1994 Sabah state election was held between Friday, 18 February and Saturday, 19 February 1994. Nomination day was 7 February 1994. The election was one of the most controversial election in Sabah's political history. The election was won by the incumbent ruling party (although the

opposition Opposition may refer to: Arts and media * ''Opposition'' (Altars EP), 2011 EP by Christian metalcore band Altars * The Opposition (band), a London post-punk band * ''The Opposition with Jordan Klepper'', a late-night television series on Comed ...

at federal level)

Parti Bersatu Sabah The United Sabah Party ( ms, Parti Bersatu Sabah, abbreviated PBS) is a political party of Sabah. The PBS was founded by Joseph Pairin Kitingan in 1985 and it is Sabah's oldest local party. In August 2020, PBS confirmed that they would be using ...

(PBS), winning 25 state electorates against 23 won by the federal government's ruling

Barisan Nasional The National Front ( ms, Barisan Nasional; abbrev: BN) is a political coalition of Malaysia that was founded in 1973 as a coalition of centre-right and right-wing political parties. It is also the third largest political coalition with 30 se ...

coalition. However, due to

defection In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, ca ...

s by elected PBS assemblymen by way of establishments of new parties aligned to BN shortly after the election, PBS was forced out of power resulting in BN forming government in Sabah. The outcome of this election and the defections resulted in the term ''katak'' being coined in, the literal meaning of which is "frog", due to the actions of PBS members "jumping" to another political party. After the election, PBS president

Joseph Pairin Kitingan Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Joseph Pairin Kitingan (born 17 August 1940) is a Malaysian politician who served as the 7th Chief Minister of Sabah from April 1985 to March 1994 and Member of Parliament (MP) for Keningau from August 1986 to May 2 ...

was sworn in as chief minister of Sabah. However, as a result of defections of PBS assemblymen to the BN, Pairin was forced to resign on 17 March 1994. PBS was left with 5 seats. Bernard Dompok formed PDS with 18 seats joined BN (PDS later changed name to UPKO). Joseph Kurup left PBS and formed PBRS. Jeffery Kitingan also left PBS and joined AKAR. Before the election, PBS had already produced 2 splinters, SAPP and AKAR, both which had contested under BN.

Results

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: #ADD8E6;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

United Sabah Party The United Sabah Party ( ms, Parti Bersatu Sabah, abbreviated PBS) is a political party of Sabah. The PBS was founded by Joseph Pairin Kitingan in 1985 and it is Sabah's oldest local party. In August 2020, PBS confirmed that they would be using ...

, , PBS , , 48 , , , , , , 25 , , 52.08 , , -9 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front , , BN , , 48 , , , , , , 23 , , 47.92 , , +23 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=3, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

United Malays National Organisation The United Malays National Organisation (Malay: ; Jawi: ; abbreviated UMNO () or less commonly PEKEMBAR), is a nationalist right-wing political party in Malaysia. As the oldest continuous national political party within Malaysia (since its in ...

, , UMNO , , 31 , , , , , , 19 , , 39.58 , , New , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Sabah Progressive Party The Sabah Progressive Party ( ms, Parti Maju Sabah, abbreviated SAPP) is a multiracial political party based in Sabah, Malaysia. It was registered on 21 January 1994 by dissidents led by former Sabah Chief Minister Datuk Yong Teck Lee from Uni ...

, , SAPP , , 7 , , , , , , 3 , , 6.25 , , New , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FF7F00;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Liberal Democratic Party , , LDP , , 3 , , , , , , 1 , , 2.08 , , +1 , - , , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , United Democratic Sabah People's Power Party, , SETIA , , 11 , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Federated Sabah People's Front, , BERSEKUTU , , 9 , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

Malaysian Islamic Party The Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS; ms, Parti Islam Se-Malaysia; ms, ڤرتي إسلام سمليسيا, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset) is an Islamist political party in Malaysia. As the party focused on Islamic fundamentalism, PAS's ...

, , PAS , , 3 , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Independents, , IND , , 32 , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

Invalid Invalid may refer to: * Patient, a sick person * one who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury (sometimes considered a politically incorrect term) * .invalid, a top-level Internet domain not intended for real use As t ...

blank vote A protest vote (also called a blank, null, spoiled, or " none of the above" vote) is a vote cast in an election to demonstrate dissatisfaction with the choice of candidates or the current political system. Protest voting takes a variety of forms ...

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes (

voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This can be the percentage of registered voters, eligible voters, or all voting-age people. According to Stanford Unive ...

: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 48 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

Registered voters In electoral systems, voter registration (or enrollment) is the requirement that a person otherwise eligible to vote must register (or enroll) on an electoral roll, which is usually a prerequisite for being entitled or permitted to vote. The ru ...

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Sabah's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

References

{{Malaysian elections 1994 elections in Malaysia

1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ...

Results

See also

Further reading

References