In molecular biology the SPR domain is a
protein domain found in the Sprouty (Spry) and Spread (Sprouty related EVH1 domain)
proteins. These have been identified as
inhibitor
Inhibitor or inhibition may refer to:
In biology
* Enzyme inhibitor, a substance that binds to an enzyme and decreases the enzyme's activity
* Reuptake inhibitor, a substance that increases neurotransmission by blocking the reuptake of a neurotra ...
s of the Ras/mitogen-activated
protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, a pathway crucial for developmental processes initiated by
activation of various
receptor tyrosine kinases.
These
proteins share a conserved, C-terminal cysteine-rich region, the SPR
domain
Domain may refer to:
Mathematics
*Domain of a function, the set of input values for which the (total) function is defined
**Domain of definition of a partial function
**Natural domain of a partial function
**Domain of holomorphy of a function
* Do ...
. This domain has been defined as a novel
cytosol to
membrane translocation
Translocation may refer to:
* Chromosomal translocation, a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts
** Robertsonian translocation, a chromosomal rearrangement in pairs 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22
** Nonreciprocal translocation, transfer ...
domain.
It has been found to be a PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding domain that targets the
proteins
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
to a
cellular
Cellular may refer to:
*Cellular automaton, a model in discrete mathematics
* Cell biology, the evaluation of cells work and more
* ''Cellular'' (film), a 2004 movie
*Cellular frequencies, assigned to networks operating in cellular RF bands
*Cell ...
localization that maximizes their inhibitory potential.
It also mediates
homodimer formation of these proteins.
The SPR domain can occur in association with the
WH1 domain (see ) (located in the
N-terminus
The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide, referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide. Within a peptide, the ami ...
) in the Spread proteins.
Examples
Human genes encoding protein containing the SPR domain include:
*
SPRED1,
SPRED2,
SPRED3,
SPRY1,
SPRY2,
SPRY3
Protein sprouty homolog 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SPRY3'' gene.
The ''SPRY3'' gene is one of the genes found in the pseudoautosomal regions of the human sex chromosomes
A sex chromosome (also referred to as an allosome ...
,
SPRY4
References
{{InterPro content, IPR007875
Protein domains