SHS-23 Aeromovel Indonesia, ''Titihan Samirono'' (
Javanese for "wind transport") or ''Kereta Layang'' (
Indonesian
Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to:
* Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia
** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of local inhabitants of the archipelago
** Indonesian ...
for "elevated train") is a
people mover
A people mover or automated people mover (APM) is a type of small scale automated guideway transit system. The term is generally used only to describe systems serving relatively small areas such as airports, downtown districts or theme parks. ...
system at
Taman Mini Indonesia Indah
Taman Mini "Indonesia Indah" (literally ''"Beautiful Indonesia" Mini Park''—the apostrophes are in the name—abbreviated as TMII) is a culture-based recreational area located in East Jakarta, Indonesia. Since July 2021, it is operated by the G ...
(TMII) in
Jakarta
Jakarta (; , bew, Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta ...
,
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
. The 3.2 km system is entirely elevated with tracks situated 6 meters above the ground
and loops around the park.
The people mover was formerly using the wind-powered
aeromovel
An atmospheric railway uses differential air pressure to provide power for propulsion of a railway vehicle. A static power source can transmit motive power to the vehicle in this way, avoiding the necessity of carrying mobile power generating eq ...
technology developed by
Oskar H.W. Coester from Brazil. It was opened in 1989 as the world's first installation of aeromovel system. In late 2010s, the system underwent major refurbishment, with conversion of a vehicle to be powered by an onboard diesel engine. The vehicle runs on the original guideway but without using the airduct. Two other vehicles were retired. The remodeled attraction was launched on 19 March 2019.
History
SHS-23 Aeromovel Indonesia was launched in April 1989. The name ''Titihan Samirono'' was given by the second Indonesian president
Suharto
Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto ...
,
whose wife
Siti Hartinah
Raden Ayu Siti Hartinah (23 August 1923 – 28 April 1996), also known as Siti Hartinah Soeharto or Tien Soeharto, was the First Lady of Indonesia from 1967 until 1996. She was the wife of second Indonesian president, Suharto.
Known as Ibu Ti ...
is the park's founder. The system was built by local contractor PT Citra Patenindo Nusa Pratama,
a company owned by Suharto's daughter
Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana (Tutut Soeharto).
SHS-23 Aeromovel Indonesia was considered an "advanced technology" for its time,
as well as a prototype for urban public transport in the future. It is the first light rail system in the country, preceding
Palembang LRT
The South Sumatra Light Rail Transit ( id, Lintas Rel Terpadu Sumatera Selatan, lit. "South Sumatra Integrated Rail Line", shortened to LRT Sumatera Selatan or LRT Sumsel), colloquially known as LRT Palembang or Palembang LRT, is an operational ...
(and subsequently, specifically in Jakarta,
Jakarta LRT
The Jakarta Light Rail Transit (Jakarta LRT) ( id, Lintas Rel Terpadu Jakarta, lit. "Jakarta Integrated Rail Line") is one of the light rail systems in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. It is being implemented by the Jakarta provincial ...
) which were opened decades later.
As of 2014, SHS-23 Aeromovel Indonesia is only operated during the weekends, due to the high number of visitors (thus high train occupancy) and the large operational costs.
The system was closed temporarily on the unknown date. The aeromovel system then known to be replaced into conventional, driver-controlled system
and its decades-old trainsets are retrofitted. The system was relaunched on 19 March 2019 by Tutut Soeharto, this time as chairman of the then TMII operator Harapan Kita Foundation;
currently more promoted as ''Kereta Layang'' or ''Titihan Samirono'' than "aeromovel".
Currently, the existence of the SHS-23 Aeromovel Indonesia is being replaced by a Tram Mover made by PT INKA which will be fully operational on January 1, 2023 after the total renovation of TMII.
Operations
When still operating as an aeromovel, SHS-23 Aeromovel Indonesia used three single-articulated trainsets. These motorless, driverless vehicle operate in the line simultaneously. Each vehicle consists of two compartments with full internal access. Two vehicles were designed to carry 104 seated passengers and the third one was designed for 48 seated and 252 standing passengers.
The vehicles has a speed of 15–20 km/h, though the vehicle actually could speed into 60 km/h. The speed is considered ideal because of the short track length and to allowing passengers to have longer time to see the panoramic view of Taman Mini Indonesia Indah more comfortably and safely.
Currently, as of early 2020 there is a single, articulated, air-conditioned train operating in the system.
The outer frame of old vehicle is unchanged, while the inner system is manufactured by
INKA.
The train is retrofitted with diesel engines,
making it more like a
diesel multiple unit
A diesel multiple unit or DMU is a multiple-unit train powered by on-board diesel engines. A DMU requires no separate locomotive, as the engines are incorporated into one or more of the carriages. Diesel-powered single-unit railcars are also ...
.
Stations
The system has six stations located across TMII. Some of them may be closed.
* Taman Budaya (''Culture Park''): Located beside Tanah Airku Theater, Taman Budaya is the westernmost station in the system and the first station seen when the visitors visit the park. The station is close to the mini train station.
* Taman Nusa (''Islands Park''): Located in front of
North Sumatra
North Sumatra ( id, Sumatra Utara) is a province of Indonesia located on the northern part of the island of Sumatra. Its capital and largest city is Medan. North Sumatra is Indonesia's fourth most populous province after West Java, East Java and ...
pavilion, Taman Nusa is situated off the coast of Indonesian archipelago lake.
* Taman Anggrek (''Orchid Park''): Located nearby
Maluku pavilion, Taman Nusa is situated off the coast of Indonesian archipelago lake.
* Taman Burung (''Bird Park''): Located in front of ''Taman Burung'' bird park, the station is close to the ''Pusat Peragaan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi'' (Center of Science and Technology Demonstration). Transfer is available to a
skylift
An aerial tramway, sky tram, cable car, ropeway, aerial tram, telepherique, or seilbahn is a type of aerial lift which uses one or two stationary ropes for support while a third moving rope provides propulsion. With this form of lift, the grip ...
station via short walk.
* Taman Wisata (''Tourism Park''): Located in front of
Southeast Sulawesi
Southeast Sulawesi ( id, Sulawesi Tenggara) is a province on the island of Sulawesi, forming the southeastern peninsula of that island, together with a number of substantial offshore islands such as Buton, Muna, Kabaena and Wawonii (formerly ca ...
pavilion, the station is close to the ''Museum Transportasi'' (Museum of Transport), ''
Museum Komodo'' and ''Taman Reptil'' (Reptile Park).
* Taman Bunga Keong Emas (''Keong Emas Floral Park''): Located off the coast of the ''Taman Akuarium Air Tawar'' (Freshwater Aquarium Park) lake, the station is close to the ''Taman Legenda Keong Emas'' (Golden Snail Legend Park) as well as Keong Emas IMAX theatre.
References
{{reflist
External links
SHS-23 Aeromovel Indonesia/Titihan Samirono on TMII website
Operating amusement attractions
People mover systems in Indonesia
Transport in Jakarta
Taman Mini Indonesia Indah
Amusement rides introduced in 1989