The Russian Research Module (RM) was to be a
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
n component of the
International Space Station
The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest modular space station currently in low Earth orbit. It is a multinational collaborative project involving five participating space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA ( ...
(ISS) that provided facilities for Russian science experiments and research.
History
The original designs of ISS featured two research modules shaped like a rounded
''Zarya'' Functional Cargo Block, but Russian budget problems caused one of them along with the
Universal Docking Module to be cancelled early in the program, leaving only one Research Module. This Research Module was scheduled to be built and launched in 2010 or later. In 2007 it was decided that, due to the continuing budget problems, the last Research Module was to be cancelled as well.
According to the schedule the module with scientific designation for the
Russian Orbital Segment
The Russian Orbital Segment (ROS) is the name given to the components of the International Space Station (ISS) constructed in Russia and operated by the Russian Roscosmos. The ROS handles Guidance, Navigation, and Control for the entire Station ...
became the
FGB-2 based Multipurpose Laboratory Module
''Nauka'' approved after the cancellation of the original RM1 and RM2.
Additionally the
Russian Orbital Segment
The Russian Orbital Segment (ROS) is the name given to the components of the International Space Station (ISS) constructed in Russia and operated by the Russian Roscosmos. The ROS handles Guidance, Navigation, and Control for the entire Station ...
contains two smaller modules, initially named
Mini-Research Module (MRM) 1 and 2. The MRM1
''Rassvet'' implements the Docking and Stowage Module of the original design and is based on the canceled
Science Power Platform pressurised compartment. Rassvet was launched in 2010 by
STS-132
STS-132 ( ISS assembly flight ULF4) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docked with the International Space Station on 16 May 2010. STS-132 was launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 14 May 2010. The prima ...
on board the
Space Shuttle
The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program. Its official program ...
''Atlantis'' by NASA. MRM2 is one of the names for the original Docking Compartment 2 module
''Poisk'', that was canceled, but later scheduled again for 2009 launch by
Progress M-MIM2.
RKK Energia, the manufacturer of the
ROS components, proposes to execute a similar plan to the original ISS proposal with the addition of the
nodal module ''Prichal'' in 2021 and two additional science/energy modules to the segment around the mid-2020s, though it has decided to launch the modules as their own space station.
References
{{TKS spacecraft
Russian components of the International Space Station
Cancelled spacecraft