Rudolf Kittel (28 March 1853, in

Eningen Eningen (full name Eningen unter Achalm; Swabian: ''Ẽnenga ondr dr Achl'') is a municipality in the district of Reutlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated at the foot of the Swabian Alps and near the big cities of Reutlingen and ...

Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Würt ...

– 20 October 1929, in

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...

) was a German

Old Testament The Old Testament (often abbreviated OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew writings by the Israelites. The ...

scholar. Kittel studied at

University of Tübingen The University of Tübingen, officially the Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen (german: Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; la, Universitas Eberhardina Carolina), is a public research university located in the city of Tübingen, Baden-Wü ...

(1871–76). He was a professor of Old Testament studies at the universities of Breslau (1888–98) and

(1898–1923). In 1917 he was appointed

rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...

at the University of Leipzig. GrabstätteRudolfKittel

He produced commentaries and histories of the

Israelites The Israelites (; , , ) were a group of Semitic-speaking tribes in the ancient Near East who, during the Iron Age, inhabited a part of Canaan. The earliest recorded evidence of a people by the name of Israel appears in the Merneptah Stele o ...

and the Near East, but his most enduring work was his critical edition of the Hebrew scriptures, '' Biblia Hebraica'', which has remained a standard text. Kittel's son was the theologian and

Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in ...

apologist

Gerhard Kittel Gerhard Kittel (23 September 1888 – 11 July 1948) was a German Lutheran theologian and lexicographer of biblical languages. He was an enthusiastic supporter of the Nazis and an open antisemite. He is known in the field of biblical studies for hi ...

.''

Theologians under Hitler Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the Divinity, divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an Discipline (academia), academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the ...

(documentary)''

Literary works

* ''Geschichte der Hebräer'', 2 volumes, 1888–1892 – History of the Hebrews. * '' Biblia Hebraica'' (BHK), 1909. (

Hebrew Bible The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (;"Tanach"
''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. Hebrew: ''Tān ...

). * ''Die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft in ihren wichtigsten Ergebnissen mit Berücksichtigung des Religionsunterrichts'', 1910 – Old Testament science and its most important results. * ''Die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft in ihren wichtigsten Ergebnissen dargestellt'', 1917 – Old Testament science and its most important results; with regard to religious instruction. * ''Die Religion des Volkes Israel'', 1921 – The religion of the people of Israel. * ''Geschichte des Volkes Israel'', 1923 – History of the people of Israel. * ''Gestalten und Gedanken in Israel'', 1925.

References

External links

* 1853 births 1929 deaths People from Reutlingen (district) People from the Kingdom of Württemberg 20th-century German Protestant theologians German biblical scholars Old Testament scholars University of Tübingen alumni University of Breslau faculty Leipzig University faculty Rectors of Leipzig University German male non-fiction writers {{Germany-theologian-stub