Rosa polyantha
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

''Rosa multiflora'' — ( syn. ''Rosa polyantha'') is a species of
rose A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be ...
known commonly as multiflora rose, baby rose, Japanese rose, many-flowered rose, seven-sisters rose, Eijitsu rose and rambler rose. It is native to eastern
Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...
, in China, Japan, and
Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...
. It should not be confused with ''
Rosa rugosa ''Rosa rugosa'' (rugosa rose, beach rose, Japanese rose, Ramanas rose, or letchberry) is a species of rose native to eastern Asia, in northeastern China, Japan, Korea and southeastern Siberia, where it grows on beach coasts, often on sand dunes. ...
'', which is also known as "Japanese rose", or with polyantha roses which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of ''R. multiflora''. It was introduced to North America, where it is regarded as an invasive species.


Description

It is a scrambling shrub climbing over other plants to a height of , with stout stems with recurved prickles (sometimes absent). The leaves are long, compound, with 5–9 leaflets and feathered stipules. The
flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...
s are produced in large
corymb Corymb is a botanical term for an inflorescence with the flowers growing in such a fashion that the outermost are borne on longer pedicels than the inner, bringing all flowers up to a common level. A corymb has a flattish top with a superficial ...
s, each flower small, diameter, white or pink, borne in early summer. The
hips In vertebrate anatomy, hip (or "coxa"Latin ''coxa'' was used by Celsus in the sense "hip", but by Pliny the Elder in the sense "hip bone" (Diab, p 77) in medical terminology) refers to either an anatomical region or a joint. The hip region ...
are reddish to purple, diameter. Two
varieties Variety may refer to: Arts and entertainment Entertainment formats * Variety (radio) * Variety show, in theater and television Films * ''Variety'' (1925 film), a German silent film directed by Ewald Andre Dupont * ''Variety'' (1935 film), ...
are accepted by the ''
Flora of China The flora of China consists of a diverse range of plant species including over 39,000 vascular plants, 27,000 species of fungi and 3000 species of bryophytes.Wu, Z. Y., P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong, eds. 2006. Flora of China. Vol. 22 (Poaceae). S ...
'': * ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''multiflora''. Flowers white, diameter. * ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''cathayensis'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson. Flowers pink, to diameter.


Cultivation and uses

''Rosa multiflora'' is grown as an
ornamental plant Ornamental plants or garden plants are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars that ...
and also used as a
rootstock A rootstock is part of a plant, often an underground part, from which new above-ground growth can be produced. It could also be described as a stem with a well developed root system, to which a bud from another plant is grafted. It can refer to a ...
for grafted ornamental rose
cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...
s. In eastern North America, ''Rosa multiflora'' is considered an invasive species. It was originally introduced from Asia as a
soil conservation Soil conservation is the prevention of loss of the topmost layer of the soil from erosion or prevention of reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination. Slash-and-burn and other uns ...
measure, as a natural hedge to border grazing land, and to attract wildlife. It is readily distinguished from American native roses by its large
inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphology (biology), Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of sperma ...
s, which bear multiple flowers and hips, often more than a dozen, while the American species bear only one or a few on a branch. In some regions the plant is classified as a noxious weed. In grazing areas, it is generally considered to be a serious pest, though it is considered excellent fodder for
goat The goat or domestic goat (''Capra hircus'') is a domesticated species of goat-antelope typically kept as livestock. It was domesticated from the wild goat (''C. aegagrus'') of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the a ...
s. The hips of the plant are edible.


Management

The targeted removal of multiflora rose often requires an aggressive technique, such as the full removal of the plant in addition to the root structure. Pruning and cutting back of the plant often leads to re-sprouting. Two natural biological controls include the rose rosette disease and the rose seed chalid ('' Megastigmus aculeastus'' var. ''nigroflavus''). Patches of introduced multiflora rose in
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
are displaying symptoms of rose rosette disease, which can lead to decline and death.


Gallery

File:Rosa multiflora a03.jpg, alt=Whole plant File:20140227Rosa multiflora1.jpg, alt=Bark File:Multiflora Rose.JPG, alt=Foliage File:20140509Rosa multiflora04.jpg, alt=Flowers File:Rosa-multiflora-Flower.jpg, alt=Flower close-up File:20151002Rosa multiflora.jpg,
Hips In vertebrate anatomy, hip (or "coxa"Latin ''coxa'' was used by Celsus in the sense "hip", but by Pliny the Elder in the sense "hip bone" (Diab, p 77) in medical terminology) refers to either an anatomical region or a joint. The hip region ...
(fruits) File:球磨川のツクシイバラ Rosa multiflora adenochaeta of Kumagawa River. - panoramio (3).jpg, var. ''cathayensis''


References


External links


Species Profile – Multiflora Rose
National Invasive Species Information Center,
United States National Agricultural Library The United States National Agricultural Library (NAL) is one of the world's largest agricultural research libraries, and serves as a national library of the United States and as the library of the United States Department of Agriculture. Located ...
. Lists general information and resources for Multiflora Rose. {{Taxonbar, from=Q133617 multiflora Flora of Asia Flora of Japan Flora of China Flora of Korea