Ropice
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( pl, , german: Roppitz) is a municipality and village in
Frýdek-Místek District Frýdek-Místek District ( cs, okres Frýdek-Místek, pl, powiat Frydek-Mistek) is a district (''okres'') within the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Frýdek-Místek. It was created by a refo ...
in the
Moravian-Silesian Region The Moravian-Silesian Region ( cs, Moravskoslezský kraj; pl, Kraj morawsko-śląski; sk, Moravsko-sliezsky kraj) is one of the 14 administrative regions of the Czech Republic. Before May 2001, it was called the Ostrava Region ( cs, Ostravský ...
of the
Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
. It has about 1,700 inhabitants. Polish minority makes up 19.6% of the population.


Etymology

The name is of topographic origins derived from
petroleum Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The name ''petroleum'' covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crud ...
('' ropa'' in Czech and Polish).


Geography

Ropice is located about east of
Frýdek-Místek Frýdek-Místek (, pl, Frydek-Mistek; german: Friede(c)k-Mistek) is a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 54,000 inhabitants. The historic centres of both Frýdek and Místek are well preserved and are protecte ...
, in the historical region of
Cieszyn Silesia Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia ( pl, Śląsk Cieszyński ; cs, Těšínské Slezsko or ; german: Teschener Schlesien or ) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český T ...
. It lies in the
Moravian-Silesian Foothills Moravian-Silesian Foothills ( cz, Podbeskydská pahorkatina, pl, Pogórze Morawsko-Śląskie) are foothills and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. Geomorphology The region represents the westernmost section of the Western Bes ...
. The highest point is the hill Štěpnice at above sea level. The Ropičanka Stream flows through the municipality. The Olza River forms the northeastern municipal border.


History

The creation of the village was a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what will be later known as
Upper Silesia Upper Silesia ( pl, Górny Śląsk; szl, Gůrny Ślůnsk, Gōrny Ślōnsk; cs, Horní Slezsko; german: Oberschlesien; Silesian German: ; la, Silesia Superior) is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia, locate ...
. Ropice was first mentioned in a Latin document of
Diocese of Wrocław In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associate ...
called '' Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis'' from around 1305 as ''Ropiza''. Politically Ropice belonged to the Duchy of Teschen (1297 described bilaterally as part of Poland), since 1327 within the
Kingdom of Bohemia The Kingdom of Bohemia ( cs, České království),; la, link=no, Regnum Bohemiae sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom, was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czec ...
. The village became a seat of a Catholic
parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one o ...
, mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment from 1447 among 50 parishes of Teschen deanery as ''Ropicza''. After the 1540s
Protestant Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and ...
prevailed in the Duchy of Teschen and a local Catholic church was taken over by
Lutherans Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched ...
. It was taken from them (as one from around fifty buildings in the region) by a special commission and given back to the
Roman Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
on 26 March 1654. In the early 15th century, a fortress was built in Ropice. The first known owners of Ropice were the Sobek family in 1430. The family owned the village until 1693. Around 1700, Ropice was acquired by Filip Saint Genois. He had rebuilt the fortress into a Baroque castle in the early 18th century. In 1785 the Saint Genois family sold Ropice to the Celesta family, who had made Neoclassical renovation of the castle in 1810. After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established
Austrian Silesia Austrian Silesia, (historically also ''Oesterreichisch-Schlesien, Oesterreichisch Schlesien, österreichisch Schlesien''); cs, Rakouské Slezsko; pl, Śląsk Austriacki officially the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia, (historically ''Herzogth ...
. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the
political Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that stud ...
and
legal district A judicial district or legal district denotes the territorial area for which a legal court (usually a district court) has jurisdiction. By region Europe Austria In texts concerning Austria, "judicial district" (german: Gerichtsbezirk) refers ...
of
Cieszyn Cieszyn ( , ; cs, Těšín ; german: Teschen; la, Tessin; szl, Ćeszyn) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitan ...
. According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910 the population of the municipality grew from 1,156 in 1880 to 1,291 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (between 95.5% and 97.8%) accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (at most 39 or 3% in 1910) and Czech-speaking people (at most 19 or 1.5% in 1910). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (53%), followed by Protestants (47%). After
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
,
Polish–Czechoslovak War The Poland–Czechoslovakia War, also known mostly in Czech sources as the Seven-day war ( cs, Sedmidenní válka) was a military confrontation between Czechoslovakia and Poland over the territory of Cieszyn Silesia in early 1919. After a vai ...
and the division of
Cieszyn Silesia Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia ( pl, Śląsk Cieszyński ; cs, Těšínské Slezsko or ; german: Teschener Schlesien or ) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český T ...
in 1920, it became a part of
Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...
. Following the
Munich Agreement The Munich Agreement ( cs, Mnichovská dohoda; sk, Mníchovská dohoda; german: Münchner Abkommen) was an agreement concluded at Munich on 30 September 1938, by Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. It provided "cession to Germany ...
, in October 1938 together with the
Zaolzie Trans-Olza ( pl, Zaolzie, ; cs, Záolží, ''Záolší''; german: Olsa-Gebiet; Cieszyn Silesian: ''Zaolzi''), also known as Trans-Olza Silesia ( Polish: ''Śląsk Zaolziański''), is a territory in the Czech Republic, which was disputed betwe ...
region it was annexed by
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of
Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province ( pl, województwo śląskie ) is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centered on the historic region known as Upper Silesia ('), with Katowice serving as its capital. Despite the Silesian V ...
. It was then annexed by
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
at the beginning of
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
. After the war it was restored to
Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...
. In 1980, Ropice became an administrative part of Třinec. In 2000, it became a separate municipality again.


Sport

There is a modern
golf course A golf course is the grounds on which the sport of golf is played. It consists of a series of holes, each consisting of a tee box, a fairway, the rough and other hazards, and a green with a cylindrical hole in the ground, known as a "cup". ...
in Ropice.


Sights

Ropice Castle was confiscated by the state in 1945 and until the 1970s it was used as a school. Then it was uninhabited and fell into disrepair. It is currently privately owned and since 2011 gradually reconstructed. A parish church was built here in the second half of the 14th century and first mentioned in 1447. In 1733–1736 the Baroque Church of Saint Catherine was built, but was replaced by a new church in 1806 that was consecrated to the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary.


Twin towns – sister cities

Ropice is twinned with: * Jaworze, Poland * Pribylina, Slovakia


References


External links

* {{authority control Villages in Frýdek-Místek District Cieszyn Silesia