The Revolutionary Internationalist Action Groups (french: Groupes d'action révolutionnaires internationalistes; es, Grupos de Acción Revolucionaria Internacionalista; GARI) was an anarchist and anti-Francoist terrorist group in

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

in the 1970s.

History

GARI was founded after the execution by Spain's

Francoist regime Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spai ...

of the Spanish

anarchist Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not neces ...

Salvador Puig Antich Salvador Puig Antich (; 30 May 1948 – 2 March 1974) was a Spanish militant anarchist from Catalonia. His execution for involvement in a bank robbery and shooting a police officer dead became a ''cause célèbre'' in Francoist Spain for Cata ...

and the crackdown by the Spanish police of the

Iberian Liberation Movement The ''Movimiento Ibérico de Liberación'' (MIL, sometimes known as 1000) was a Catalonia, Catalan Autonomism, left-wing political and urban guerrilla organisationPolitical Terrorism - A new guide to actors, authors, concepts, data bases, theories ...

''Movimiento Ibérico de Liberación'' (MIL), the outfit to which Salvador Puig Antich belonged. Based mainly in the south of France around

Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and from Par ...

, the group was formed by French and

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...

anti-fascists Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were ...

. Several GARI members, among whom

Jean-Marc Rouillan ''Action Directe'' (; AD, "direct action") was a French far-left militant group which committed a assassination campaign, series of assassinations and violent attacks in France between 1979 and 1987. Members of Action directe considered thems ...

, a former member of the Iberian Liberation Movement, would later create the leftist terrorist group '' Action directe''. It was responsible for a

car bombing A car bomb, bus bomb, lorry bomb, or truck bomb, also known as a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (VBIED), is an improvised explosive device designed to be detonated in an automobile or other vehicles. Car bombs can be roughly divided ...

against an

Iberia Airlines Iberia (), legally incorporated as ''Iberia Líneas Aéreas de España, S.A. Operadora, Sociedad Unipersonal'', is the flag carrier airline of Spain. Founded in 1927 and based in Madrid, it operates an international network of services from i ...

office in

Brussels Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...

, that injured two people.

References

Anti-Francoism Autonomism Communist organizations in France Communist terrorism Defunct anarchist militant groups Defunct communist militant groups Far-left politics in France Left-wing militant groups in France Socialist parties in France Terrorism in France {{Anarchism-stub

History

See also

References