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Religious broadcasting, sometimes referred to as faith-based broadcasts, is the dissemination of television and/or radio content that intentionally has religious ideas, religious experience, or religious practice as its core focus. In some countries, religious broadcasting developed primarily within the context of public service provision (as in the UK), whilst in others, it has been driven more by
religious
Religion is usually defined as a social- cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relates humanity to supernatur ...
organisations themselves (as in the United States). Across Europe and in the US and Canada, religious broadcasting began in the earliest days of radio, usually with the transmission of religious worship, preaching or "talks". Over time, formats evolved to include a broad range of styles and approaches, including radio and television drama, documentary, and chat show formats, as well as more traditional devotional content. Today, many religious organizations record sermons and lectures, and have moved into distributing content on their own web-based IP channels.
Religious broadcasting can be funded
commercially or through some sort of
public broadcasting
Public broadcasting involves radio, television and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service. Public broadcasters receive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individual contributions, public financing ...
-style arrangement (religious broadcasters are often recognized as
non-profit
A nonprofit organization (NPO) or non-profit organisation, also known as a non-business entity, not-for-profit organization, or nonprofit institution, is a legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public or social benefit, in co ...
organizations). Donations from listeners and viewers, often
tax-deductible
Tax deduction is a reduction of income that is able to be taxed and is commonly a result of expenses, particularly those incurred to produce additional income. Tax deductions are a form of tax incentives, along with exemptions and tax credits. T ...
, are solicited by some broadcasters. In the US, 42 percent of non-commercial radio stations currently have a religious format where on the other hand about 80 percent of the 2,400 Christian radio stations and 100 full-power Christian TV stations throughout the entire United States are considered non-profit.
In some countries, particularly those with an established
state religion, broadcasting related to one particular religion only is allowed, or in some cases required. For example, a function of the state-owned
Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation is by law "to broadcast such programmes as may promote Islamic ideology, national unity and principles of democracy, freedom equality, tolerance and social justice as enunciated by Islam..." (s. 10(1)(b)).
Broadcasting in both radio and TV has taken on a new look with the development of the internet and mobile devices. Internet radio stations and internet TV stations have been on the rise over the last few years. The main reason for the increase is that the cost to setup and operate is significantly less than traditional radio and TV stations. This is huge for religious organisations as it allows them to put their religious content to a world wide audience at a fraction of the cost.
Radio
(The distinction between radio and television broadcasters is not rigid; broadcasters in both areas may appear in the Radio or Television section in this article.)
Australia
Religious radio stations include
*
3ABN
The Three Angels Broadcasting Network, or 3ABN, is a Christian media television and radio network which broadcasts Seventh-day Adventist religious and health-oriented programming, based in West Frankfort, Illinois, United States. Although it ...
Australia Radio
*
Melbourne Jewish Radio
* Australia National Hindu Radio (ANHR)
Brazil
*
Rede Católica de Rádio (Catholic radio network)
**
Rádio Canção Nova
**
Rádio Aparecida
**
Rádio Imaculada Conceição
**
Rádio Evangelizar
*
Rádio Novo Tempo (
Seventh-day Adventist Church)
*
Rede Aleluia
The Rede Aleluia (Hallelujah Network) is 64 affiliated Brazilian radio stations network owned/rented by the UCKG (Universal Church of the Kingdom of God) in 22 of the 27 states, that cover 75% of the Brazilian territory mostly in southeastern regi ...
(
Universal Church of the Kingdom of God
The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG; pt, Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus, IURD) is an evangelical charismatic Christian denomination with its headquarters at the Temple of Solomon in São Paulo, Brazil. The church was founded in ...
)
*
Rádio Deus é Amor (
God is Love Pentecostal Church)
*
Rede Gospel FM (
Reborn in Christ Church)
*
Rede Nossa Rádio (
International Grace of God Church)
*
Rede Feliz FM (
Peace and Life Christian Community)
*
Rede Sara Brasil FM (
Heal Our Earth Evangelical Community)
Canada
Canadian Islamic Broadcasting Network (CIBN)- Islamic Talk Radio
India
*
World Hindu Radio ;World latest Hindu Community Radio Station based in
Ayodhya,India
*
Asian Hindu Radio; based on
Ayodhya
Ayodhya (; ) is a city situated on the banks of holy river Saryu in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Ayodhya, also known as Saketa, is an ancient city of India, the birthplace of Rama and setting of the great epic Ramayana. Ayodhya wa ...
and
Suva
*
Marithus Hindu Voice
*
Fiji Hindu Radio
* Angel Radio
* Jai Ram Community Radio
* Hindustan World Radio
* Malabar Muslim Radio
* Asian Muslim World
* Lord Radio
* Jwiees Radio International
* Vice of Hindu (VOH)
* Vice of Jain (VOJ)
* Vice of Sikh (VOS)
* Vice of Parasi (VOP)
* Vice of Christian (VOC)
* VOH Hindi
* VOH Tamil
* VOH Bangla
Italy
*
Radio Maria ; International Catholic radio broadcasting, founded by Erba, has branches in 55 countries around the world.
Vatican Radio
Vatican Radio ( it, Radio Vaticana; la, Statio Radiophonica Vaticana) is the official broadcasting service of Vatican City.
Established in 1931 by Guglielmo Marconi, today its programs are offered in 47 languages, and are sent out on short wave, ...
is its sister media.
Netherlands
*
Buddhist Broadcasting Foundation
*
Humanistische Omroep: A small broadcaster dedicated to secular Humanism.
* IKON (Interkerkelijke Omroep Nederland): A small broadcaster representing a diverse set of nine mainstream Christian churches.
*
Joodse Omroep The new name of NIKmedia (Nederlands-Israëlitisch Kerkgenootschap): Dutch-Jewish broadcaster.
*
NIO (Nederlandse Islamitische Omroep): Small Islamic broadcaster.
*
NMO (Nederlandse Moslim Omroep): Small Islamic broadcaster, slightly more progressive than the NIO.
*
OHM (Organisatie Hindoe Media): Small Hindu broadcaster.
*
RKK (Rooms-Katholiek Kerkgenootschap): Small Roman Catholic broadcaster, actual programming produced by the KRO. Roman Catholic events and services on television are broadcast by the RKK.
*
ZvK (Zendtijd voor Kerken): Small broadcaster that broadcasts church services from some smaller Protestant churches.
New Zealand
*
Rhema Media encompasses three radio networks; Rhema, Life FM and Star.
Philippines
*
Catholic Media Network
Catholic Media Network, also known as CMN, is a Catholic radio network in the Philippines. CMN serves as the broadcasting arm of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines, the governing body of the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippi ...
(Catholicism)
*
Cebu Catholic Television Network
Cebu Catholic Television Network (CCTN) is a broadcast television channel owned by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cebu and Fil-Products Group of Companies in the Philippines. The station's studios are located at the CCTN Broadcast Center, Car ...
*
End-Time Mission Broadcasting Service
*
FEBC Philippines (Christianity)
*
INC Radio 954 (Iglesia ni Cristo)
*
Sonshine Radio
*
ZOE Broadcasting Network
Poland
*
Radio Maryja
Radio Maryja is a religious and political socially conservative Polish radio station. It was founded in Toruń, Poland, on 9 December 1991, by the Redemptorist Tadeusz Rydzyk. The name "Maryja" is a traditional Polish form of the name "Mary" ...
– A Christian-national Polish educational, guide and religious radio station based in Toruń, belonging to the Lux Veritatis Foundation registered in Warsaw.
Portugal
*
Rádio Maria –
Catholic radio
* Rádio Canção Nova –
Catholic radio
South Korea
* GCN Global Christian Network (broadcaster)
* CTS (Christian Television System)
* CBS (Christian Broadcasting System)
* FEBC Korea (Far East Broadcasting Company)
* PBC (Pyeonghwa/Peace Broadcasting Corporation) ; catholic
* BBS (Buddhist Broadcasting System)
* WBS (원음방송 – Original Sound Broadcasting)
Spain
*
Cadena COPE
COPE, an acronym for Cadena de Ondas Populares Españolas ("People's Radiowaves of Spain Network") formerly called Radio Popular, is a Spanish language radio station. It is the second most listened to in Spain's generalist radio. Owned by the Sp ...
; Owned by Spanish Catholic Church
*
Radio María
Radio Maria (formally known as The World Family of Radio Maria; es, link=no, Radio María, pt, Rádio Maria, hr, Radio Marija, mt, Radju Marija, lt, Marijos Radijas, hu, Mária Rádió, russian: Радио Мария, uk, Радіо Ма� ...
–
Catholic radio
Trinidad and Tobago
*
Radio Jaagriti 102.7 FM (
Hindu
Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
); owned by the
Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha
United Kingdom
Religious broadcasting in the UK was established on 30 July 1922, a Sunday, when the first radio sermon was transmitted by Dr. J. Boon of the Peckham Christian Union, from the Burdette Aerial Works at
Blackheath, to the congregation at Christ Church,
Peckham, and listeners up to 100 miles distant.
The religious ethos of the
British Broadcasting Corporation #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC
Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board ex ...
, and the importance attributed to the place of its religious output is predominantly due to the distinctive and formative role played by the BBC's first Director-General,
John Reith. Reith was the son of a Presbyterian minister. Although opposed to narrow dogmatism, he strongly believed that it was a public service duty of the BBC to actively promote religion. The pattern established by Reith in the early days, and the advisory system that he established, continued to exert a strong influence on the corporation's religious output through the war years and beyond, and eventually extend from radio into television.
British broadcasting laws prohibit religious organizations, political parties, local government, and trade unions from running national analog terrestrial stations. Some religious radio stations are available in certain areas on the MW (medium wave) or VHF (FM) wavebands; others transmit using other methods, some of them nationally (such as via digital terrestrial TV broadcasting, satellite, and cable).
Premier Radio is available on MW in the London area and also nationally on DAB.
United Christian Broadcasters is available in both the London and Stoke-on-Trent areas, and nationally as well via
DAB. There are several UK-based radio stations that serve a genre group or locality, such as
Cross Rhythms based in Stoke-on-Trent, a contemporary music station with a local FM
community radio
Community radio is a radio service offering a third model of radio broadcasting in addition to commercial and public broadcasting. Community stations serve geographic communities and communities of interest. They broadcast content that is popula ...
license. Branch FM operates across West Yorkshire and is a volunteer-run community
Christian radio station. Like most other local Christian stations, they also use the Internet to gain national coverage. There are other UK-based radio channels which apply for regular temporary licenses, such as Flame FM on the Wirral, Cheshire which applies for two months of local FM broadcasting per year via a Restricted Service Licence (RSL), and
Refresh FM, which regularly broadcasts in
Manchester
Manchester () is a city in Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 552,000 in 2021. It is bordered by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east, and the neighbouring city of Salford to the west. The t ...
for 3 or 4 weeks over the
Easter
Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the '' Book of Common Prayer''; "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher''The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, Volume 4'') and Samuel Pepys''The Diary of Samuel ...
period.
Also, there are religious broadcasters that transmit to the UK from outside on medium wave at night (when MW signals travel much further) by buying airtime on commercial stations such as
Manx Radio (from the Isle of Man) and
Trans World Radio (from Monte Carlo).
Although there are tight restrictions on religious groups setting up their own radio and TV stations, there is a legal requirement for the
BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC
Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...
...
and
ITV to broadcast a certain amount of religious programming. Some commercial local radio stations carry a limited amount of religious programming, particularly in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
and parts of
Scotland
Scotland (, ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a Anglo-Scottish border, border with England to the southeast ...
.
United States
On January 2, 1921,
KDKA broadcast the church services from Calvary Episcopal Church, Pittsburgh, PA. The Rev. Lewis B. Whittemore, an associate pastor of the church, conducted the service, thus becoming the first Christian broadcaster. In 1923,
Calvary Baptist Church in
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the Un ...
was the first church to operate its own radio station."Tell It From Calvary" is a radio show that the church still produces weekly; its heard on WMCA AM570. In 1938 the
Federal Council of Churches
The Federal Council of Churches, officially the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America, was an ecumenical association of Christian denominations in the United States in the early twentieth century. It represented the Anglican, Baptist, Ea ...
petitioned the
National Association of Broadcasters and the
Federal Communications Commission
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that regulates communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable across the United States. The FCC maintains jurisdicti ...
formally requesting that all paid religious programs be barred from the air. The major radio networks at this time donated time to the three major divisions of organized religion in the United States:
Protestant
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to b ...
,
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
* Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
* Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
, and
Judaism
Judaism ( he, ''Yahăḏūṯ'') is an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion comprising the collective religious, cultural, and legal tradition and civilization of the Jewish people. It has its roots as an organized religion in t ...
. Protestant programming had been placed under exclusive direction of the Council, an organization which represented about thirty denominations but less than half of American Protestantism. Overtly liberal in its theology, the Federal Council would not sponsor a conservative program such as ''
the Lutheran Hour''. Jealous of its privilege, the Council's general secretary was on record as having said in 1929, "in the future, no denomination or individual church will be able to secure any time whatever on the air unless they are willing to pay prohibitively high prices....” This was defeated by
Walter A. Maier and others.
The most prominent religion on the radio in the United States is Christianity, particularly the evangelical sect. It has changed since its inception with a growing audience and different regulations. The audience for Christian radio has grown in the past twenty years and has a dispersed audience throughout the U.S.. The Moody Bible Institute was the first religious organization to use satellite radio to reach a larger audience than before. The Moody Bible Institute was also one of the first religious broadcasting networks to receive a non-commercial educational FM license from the FCC allowing them to open other stations. Religious broadcasting in the United States is mainly the province of local or regional networks which produce programming relevant to their community, and is usually heard on stations holding
non-commercial educational broadcast license
A broadcast license is a type of spectrum license granting the licensee permission to use a portion of the radio frequency spectrum in a given geographical area for broadcasting purposes. The licenses generally include restrictions, which vary f ...
s. Although religious radio began as locally owned, because of the deregulation in the 1996 Telecommunications act it has become more consolidated with local affiliates under a national radio company. Several national networks do exist, which include:
*
3ABN Radio
The Three Angels Broadcasting Network, or 3ABN, is a Christian media television and radio network which broadcasts Seventh-day Adventist religious and health-oriented programming, based in West Frankfort, Illinois, United States. Although it is ...
*
Air1
*
EWTN Radio
*
Family Radio
*
K-LOVE
*
LifeTalk Radio
*
Radio 74 Internationale
*
Relevant Radio
Relevant Radio (corporate name Relevant Radio, Inc.) is a radio network in the United States, mainly broadcasting talk radio and religious programming involving the Catholic Church. It is the largest Catholic radio network by owned station base. R ...
*
Salem Radio Network
Salem Radio Network is a United States-based radio network that specializes in syndicated Christian political talk, music, and conservative secular news/talk programming. It is a division of the Salem Media Group.
Network information
Salem Ra ...
*
VCY America
VCY America, is a traditional, evangelical, conservative Christian ministry based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The VCY America Radio Network maintains a format of Christian talk and teaching, as well as traditional Christian music through its broadca ...
Television
(The distinction between radio and television broadcasters is not rigid; broadcasters in both areas may appear in the Radio or Television section in this article.)
Australia
*
Australian Christian Channel
Africa
*
T.B. Joshua's
Emmanuel TV.
* Ezekiel TV is a Christian television network started by
Ezekiel Guti of ZAOGA Forward in Faith Ministries International (FIFMI) in 2008, based in South Africa. Most of the programming is from Zimbabwe, where ZAOGA FIFMI is headquartered. The channel broadcasts on the internet on the FIFMI Website.
*
Deen TV is an Islamic TV station broadcasting to a wide range of audience interest based in South Africa.
Asia
*3ABN
*CGTN
* BBS (Buddhist Broadcasting System)
* CPBC TV (Catholic Peace Broadcasting TV); HQ- Seoul, South Korea
* CPBS TV (Confucianism Peace Broadcasting Corporation TV)
* CGNTV (Christian Global Network Television)
* Kantas-HSTV (''Kantor Warta Swastiyastu-Hindu Spirits Television'')
* Kantas-HSTV
Brazil
*
Rede Vida (Catholic national television network)
*
TV Aparecida (Catholic national television network)
*
TV Canção Nova (Catholic national television network)
*
TV Evangelizar (Catholic national television network)
*
TV Nazaré (Catholic regional television network, focused to
Brazilian Legal Amazon states)
*
TV Pai Eterno (Catholic national television network)
*
RIT
Rit is a brand of dye
A dye is a colored substance that chemically bonds to the substrate to which it is being applied. This distinguishes dyes from pigments which do not chemically bind to the material they color. Dye is generally applied i ...
(owned by
International Grace of God Church)
*
TV Universal (owned by
Universal Church of the Kingdom of God
The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG; pt, Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus, IURD) is an evangelical charismatic Christian denomination with its headquarters at the Temple of Solomon in São Paulo, Brazil. The church was founded in ...
)
*
Rede Mundial (owned by
World Church of God's Power)
*
Rede Boas Novas (owned by
Convention of the Assemblies of God in Brazil)
*
Rede Gospel (owned by
Reborn in Christ Church)
*
Rede Gênesis (owned by
Heal Our Earth Evangelical Community)
*
TV Novo Tempo (owned by
Seventh-day Adventist Church)
Canada
Networks
Channels
France
*HolyGod TV, Christian station based in France with stated mission "to evangelise people in India, Sri Lanka, Africa, Europe and other countries and plant churches"
*HOSFO TV, Christian station in France founded by Pastor Allen IKADI and his wife Josiane Ondeu through their private Christian media company grou
HOSFO SAS*GOSPLAY DIGITAL TELEVISION a 24/7 gospel music TV Channel.
*
KTO ; TV Catholique for the
Archdiocese of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Parisiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Paris'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of twenty-three archdioceses in France. ...
*NLM TV (New Living Ministries), Christian station based in France with presence in other countries
Germany
K-TV K-TV Katholisches Fernsehen. Catholic broadcaster founded by Father Hans Buschor in 1999 in Gossau, Switzerland. K-TV produces live mass broadcasts and original programming in German and is the first and largest German Catholic satellite and cable broadcast organisation operating in the DACH region. It is supported solely via private donations.
India
* Aastha TV (Hinduism)
* Divya Channel(Hinduism,Sikh)
* Sanskar TV(Hinduism,Sikh)
* ANGEL TV (Christianity)
* GOD TV ASIA (Christianity)
* JCILM TV (Christianity)
* HopeTV (Christianity)
* Islamiya (Islam)
* MH Sarrdha (Hinduism, Sikh, Jain)
* Omkar (Buddhism,Hinduism)
* PaigaamTV (Islam)
* RamrajTV (Hinduism)
* Sadana TV (Hinduism)
* Sanskar (Jainism)
* Sanskar (Sanatan Dharam, Hinduism)
* Shree Sankara (Hinduism)
* Sikha TV (Sikhism, Hinduism)
* Vadic Brobcact (Hinduism, Sikhism)
Indonesia
*
MQTV
*
TV MUI
Italy
*
Padre Pio TV
*
Telepace; HQ Cerna
*
TV2000
TV2000 is an Italy-based broadcasting network that carries Roman Catholic-themed programming, available on digital terrestrial television in Italy and owned by the Italian Episcopal Conference, the conference of the Catholic bishops of Italy.
L ...
; Owned by
Italian Episcopal Conference
The Italian Episcopal Conference ( it, Conferenza Episcopale Italiana) or CEI is the episcopal conference of the Italian bishops of the Catholic Church, the official assembly of the bishops in Italy.
The conference was founded in 1971 and carrie ...
. HQ Rome.
Middle East
In the Middle East, Christian satellite broadcaster
SAT-7 operates five channels, SAT-7 ARABIC, SAT-7 PARS (Farsi), SAT-7 KIDS (Arabic), SAT-7 PLUS (Arabic) and SAT-7 TÜRK (Turkish), which broadcast in the prominent languages of the region with more than 80% of programs made by and for people of the region. SAT-7's satellite footprints reach 22 countries in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as 50 countries in Europe, with "free to air" programming.
SAT7, founded in 1995, is the first and largest Christian satellite broadcast organization operating in the region. It is supported by Christian churches from a variety of denominations in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as supporters from Europe, Canad
United State
and Asia.
Norway
*
Visjon Norge
Visjon Norge (or TV Visjon Norge) is a Norwegian Christian television station, which was launched in 2003 as the first Scandinavian Christian television channel to air 24 hours a day. It can be reached throughout Scandinavia by satellite. The foun ...
, a Norwegian Christian television channel that broadcasts over Scandinavia.
*
Kanal 10 Norge, a Norwegian Christian television channel and branch of the Swedish
Kanal 10
Kanal may refer to:
* Kanal (unit), a unit of area equivalent to one-eighth of an acre, used in northern India and Pakistan
* ''Kanał'', a 1956 Polish film directed by Andrzej Wajda
* ''Kanal'' (1979 film), a 1979 Turkish film
* ''Kanal'' (2015 ...
.
The Philippines
*
TV Maria (owned by the Philippine Roman Catholic Church)
*
Light TV 33 (owned by Jesus Is Lord Worldwide)
*
Iglesia ni Cristo TV (INC TV) (owned by the indigenous sect
Iglesia ni Cristo)
*
Truth Channel (owned by another indigenous sect
Members Church of God International
Member may refer to:
* Military jury, referred to as "Members" in military jargon
* Element (mathematics), an object that belongs to a mathematical set
* In object-oriented programming, a member of a class
** Field (computer science), entries in ...
)
*
Sonshine Media Network International
Sonshine Media Network International (SMNI), also known by its legal operating name Swara Sug Media Corporation (SSMC), is a Filipino broadcast media arm of the Kingdom of Jesus Christ (KJC) led by the Filipino televangelist Pastor Apollo C. ...
(owned by another than indigenous sect
Kingdom of Jesus Christ and Kingdom Light Congregation)
Poland
*
TV Trwam – A Christian-national Polish educational, guide and religious TV station based in Toruń, belonging to the Lux Veritatis Foundation registered in Warsaw.
Pakistan
A function of the state-owned Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation is by law "to broadcast such programmes as may promote Islamic ideology, national unity and principles of democracy, freedom equality, tolerance and social justice as enunciated by Islam..." (s. 10(1)(b)).
*
Catholic TV (Pakistan)
Trinidad and Tobago
*
TV Jaagriti (
Hindu
Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
); owned by the
Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha
*Sankhya Television (
Hindu
Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
)
*Bhakti TV (
Hindu
Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
)
*
ieTV (
Hindu
Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
)
*
The Islamic Network (T.I.N.) (
Muslim)
*
Islamic Broadcast Network (
Muslim)
*Trinity TV (
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
* Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
* Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
)
Turkey
Islamic broadcasters include:
*
TGRT
Fox is one of the leading free to air TV networks broadcasting in Turkey. Since July 2012, Fox TV broadcasts in 16:9.
History
The channel was originally TGRT (acronym in turkish as: 'Türkiye Gazetesi Radyo Televizyonu'; ''Turkey Newspaper Radi ...
, Turkey's first nationwide "Islamic" television channel, est. 1993
* STV, affiliated with the
Gülen movement
The Gülen movement ( tr, Gülen hareketi), referred to by its participants as Hizmet ("service") or Cemaat ("community") and since 2016 by the Government of Turkey as FETÖ ("Fethullahist Terrorist Organisation" or, more commonly, "Fethullah T ...
, est. 1994
*
Kanal 7
*
Mesaj TV
*
Nisa TV
*
Berat TV
United Kingdom
In the UK, the first religious channel was
Muslim TV Ahmadiyya, which launched in 1992. However, religious television is dominated by the main non-commercial terrestrial public service broadcaster, the
BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC
Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...
...
, obliged by its licence to broadcast 110 hours per year. Long-running programmes such as ''