The Rancholabrean North American Land Mammal Age on the
geologic timescale
The geologic time scale, or geological time scale, (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geochr ...
is the North American
faunal stage
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition. A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convent ...
according to the
North American Land Mammal Ages
The North American land mammal ages (NALMA) establishes a geologic timescale for North American fauna beginning during the Late Cretaceous and continuing through to the present. These periods are referred to as ages or intervals (or stages when ref ...
chronology (NALMA), typically set from less than 240,000 years to 11,000 years
BP, a period of .
[Sanders, A.E., R.E. Weems, and L.B. Albright III (2009) Formalization of the mid-Pleistocene "Ten Mile Hill beds" in South Carolina with evidence for placement of the Irvingtonian–Rancholabrean boundary, ''Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin'' 64:369-375] Named after the famed
Rancho La Brea fossil site (more commonly known as the
La Brea tar pits
La Brea Tar Pits is an active paleontological research site in urban Los Angeles. Hancock Park was formed around a group of tar pits where natural asphalt (also called asphaltum, bitumen, or pitch; ''brea'' in Spanish) has seeped up from the gr ...
) in Los Angeles, California,
[Savage, D.E. (1951) Late Cenozoic vertebrates of the San Francisco Bay region, ''University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences'' 28:215-314] the Rancholabrean is characterized by the presence of the genus ''
Bison
Bison are large bovines in the genus ''Bison'' (Greek: "wild ox" (bison)) within the tribe Bovini. Two extant and numerous extinct species are recognised.
Of the two surviving species, the American bison, ''B. bison'', found only in North A ...
'' in a Pleistocene context, often in association with other extinct Pleistocene forms such as ''
Mammuthus''.
The age is usually considered to overlap the late
Middle Pleistocene
The Chibanian, widely known by its previous designation of Middle Pleistocene, is an age in the international geologic timescale or a stage in chronostratigraphy, being a division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period. Th ...
and
Late Pleistocene
The Late Pleistocene is an unofficial age in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, also known as Upper Pleistocene from a stratigraphic perspective. It is intended to be the fourth division of the Pleistocene Epoch withi ...
epochs. The Rancholabrean is preceded by the
Irvingtonian
The Irvingtonian North American Land Mammal Age on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), spanning from 1.9 million – 250,000 years BP. NALMA stage, and it is succeeded by the
Santarosean age.
The Rancholabrean can be further divided into the substages of the
Sheridanian: Upper boundary source of the base of the
Holocene
The Holocene ( ) is the current geological epoch. It began approximately 11,650 cal years Before Present (), after the Last Glacial Period, which concluded with the Holocene glacial retreat. The Holocene and the preceding Pleistocene togeth ...
(approximate)
By another terminology, it can be split into two sub-intervals, ''Ra1'' from 250,000 to 115,000 years ago, and ''Ra2'' from 115,000 to 12,000 years ago.
On other continents, the Rancholabrean shares this time period with the
Oldenburgian of
European Land Mammal Ages
The European Land Mammal Mega Zones (abbreviation: ELMMZ, more commonly known as European land mammal ages or ELMA) are zones in rock layers that have a specific assemblage of fossils (biozones) based on occurrences of fossil assemblages of Europ ...
, and the latter
Lujanian of the
South American Land Mammal Ages.
References
{{Quaternary Footer
Pleistocene life
Middle Pleistocene
Late Pleistocene
Pleistocene animals of North America
Pleistocene California
Geology of Los Angeles County, California