Ramesses (Egyptian name)

Ramesses ( or ), also commonly spelled Rameses or Ramses (, , or ), is the name conventionally given in English transliteration to 11 Egyptian

pharaoh Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian: '' pr ꜥꜣ''; cop, , Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') is the vernacular term often used by modern authors for the kings of ancient Egypt who ruled as monarchs from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BC) until the a ...

s of the later

New Kingdom New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator ...

period. Other variants of the name include

Ramose Ramose (Egyptian: '' rꜥ-ms(.w)'') was an ancient Egyptian name, meaning "Ra is born". Variants of the name include Ramesses (''Ramessu'') and Paramessu; these various spellings could be used to refer to the same person. Notable bearers of t ...

and Paramessu; these various spellings could be used to refer to the same person. The various forms are based on the Greek (Ραμεσσυς: ''Ramessus''), Latin (Ramesses), or Hebrew (רעמסס: ''Raˁamses, Raˁmeses'') forms of the name, all ultimately based on the Ancient Egyptian form: ''rˁ-ms-sw'' (𓅭𓇳) " Ra sthe one who gave birth ohim". The name (רעמסס: ''Raˁamses, Raˁmeses'') occurs in the Hebrew Bible, not as the name of a king but rather the name of one of the two cities was built for the

Pharaoh Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian: '' pr ꜥꜣ''; cop, , Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') is the vernacular term often used by modern authors for the kings of ancient Egypt who ruled as monarchs from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BC) until the a ...

of the oppression by the forced labor of the

Israelite The Israelites (; , , ) were a group of Semitic-speaking tribes in the ancient Near East who, during the Iron Age, inhabited a part of Canaan. The earliest recorded evidence of a people by the name of Israel appears in the Merneptah Stele ...

s (Exodus, ), the other such city being Pithom. Thus, the name was known to Jews and Christians long before the advent of modern Egyptology. The city is now commonly identified as

Pi-Ramesses Pi-Ramesses (; Ancient Egyptian: , meaning "House of Ramesses") was the new capital built by the Nineteenth Dynasty Pharaoh Ramesses II (1279–1213 BC) at Qantir, near the old site of Avaris. The city had served as a summer palace under Seti I ...

(''House of Ramesses''), the new capital founded by

Ramesses II Ramesses II ( egy, rꜥ-ms-sw ''Rīʿa-məsī-sū'', , meaning "Ra is the one who bore him"; ), commonly known as Ramesses the Great, was the third pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt. Along with Thutmose III he is often regarded a ...

. The convention of numbering kings who had the same name did not exist in Ancient Egypt, the numbers of the various pharaohs called ''Rameses'' were provided by modern scholars. :

19th Dynasty The Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XIX), also known as the Ramessid dynasty, is classified as the second Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1292 BC to 1189 BC. The 19th Dynasty and the 20th Dynasty furt ...

Ramesses I Menpehtyre Ramesses I (or Ramses) was the founding pharaoh of ancient Egypt's 19th Dynasty. The dates for his short reign are not completely known but the time-line of late 1292–1290 BC is frequently cited as well as 1295–1294 BC. While Ra ...

: founder of the 19th Dynasty *

("the Great") *Prince Ramesses (prince), second son of Ramesses II *Prince Ramesses-Meryamun-Nebweben, a son of Ramesses II : 20th Dynasty *

Ramesses III Usermaatre Meryamun Ramesses III (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty in Ancient Egypt. He is thought to have reigned from 26 March 1186 to 15 April 1155 BC and is considered to be the last great mona ...

: adversary of the Sea Peoples * Ramesses IV * Ramesses V * Ramesses VI *

Ramesses VII Usermaatre Setepenre Meryamun Ramesses VII (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the sixth pharaoh of the 20th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. He reigned from about 1136 to 1129 BC and was the son of Ramesses VI. Other dates for his reign are 1 ...

Ramesses VIII Usermaatre Akhenamun Ramesses VIII (also written Ramses and Rameses) or Ramesses Sethherkhepshef Meryamun ('Set is his Strength, beloved of Amun') (reigned 1130–1129 BC, or 1130 BC), was the seventh Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty of the New K ...

* Ramesses IX *

Ramesses X Khepermaatre Ramesses X (also written Ramses and Rameses) (ruled c. 1111 BC – 1107 BC) was the ninth pharaoh of the 20th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. His birth name was Amonhirkhepeshef. His prenomen or throne name, Khepermaatre, means "The J ...

* Ramesses XI {{given name Theophoric names Ancient Egyptian given names