''Rutpela maculata'', the spotted longhorn, is a
beetle
Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 describ ...
species of flower longhorns of the family
Cerambycidae
The longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), also known as long-horned or longicorns, are a large family of beetles, with over 35,000 species described. Most species are characterized by extremely long antennae, which are often as long as or longer than ...
, subfamily
Lepturinae
Lepturinae, the lepturine beetles, is a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae), containing about 150 genera worldwide. This lineage is most diverse in the Northern Hemisphere. Until recently the subfamily Necydalinae was includ ...
.
Varieties
Varieties within this species include:
[
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' calcarata'' Olivier, 1790
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' maculipes'' Podaný, 1950
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' nigricornis'' (Stierlin, 1864)
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' seminotata'' Kaufman, 1947
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' subbinotata'' Podaný
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' subsinuata'' Depoli
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' undulata'' (Mulsant, 1839)
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' subexternepunctata'' Podaný
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' parumnotata'' Podaný
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' subspinosa'' Fabricius, 1792
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' subundulata'' Depoli, 1926
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' subdisconotata'' Podaný
*''Rutpela maculata ''var.'' sinuata'' Fabricius, 1792
]
Distribution
This beetle is widespread in most of Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
, in the eastern Palearctic realm
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa.
The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...
, and in the Near East
The ''Near East''; he, המזרח הקרוב; arc, ܕܢܚܐ ܩܪܒ; fa, خاور نزدیک, Xāvar-e nazdik; tr, Yakın Doğu is a geographical term which roughly encompasses a transcontinental region in Western Asia, that was once the hist ...
(Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Sardinia, Serbia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, and the United Kingdom).Fauna europaea
/ref>[Biolib]
/ref>
Description
The adults grow up to . The head and pronotum are dark-brown, while elytra are yellowish, with black dots and stripes, rough imitations of wasps, which probably gives them some protection from birds.[Hoskovec M., Rejzek M.:]
Longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) of the West Palearctic region
/ref>
Biology
Adults can be encountered from May through August, completing their life cycle
Life cycle, life-cycle, or lifecycle may refer to:
Science and academia
*Biological life cycle, the sequence of life stages that an organism undergoes from birth to reproduction ending with the production of the offspring
*Life-cycle hypothesis, ...
in two-three years.[ They only live two-four weeks. They are very common flower-visitors, especially ]Apiaceae
Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus ''Apium'' and commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants ...
species, feeding on pollen and the nectar. Larvae are polyphagous in deciduous trees, mainly feeding on ''Picea abies
''Picea abies'', the Norway spruce or European spruce, is a species of spruce native to Northern Europe, Northern, Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe.
It has branchlets that typically hang downwards, and the largest cones of any spruce, ...
'', ''Corylus avellana
''Corylus avellana'', the common hazel, is a species of flowering plant in the birch family Betulaceae. It is native to Europe and western Asia. It is an important component of the hedgerows that were the traditional field boundaries in lowland En ...
'', ''Fagus sylvatica
''Fagus sylvatica'', the European beech or common beech is a deciduous tree belonging to the beech family Fagaceae.
Description
''Fagus sylvatica'' is a large tree, capable of reaching heights of up to tall and trunk diameter, though mor ...
'', ''Castanea sativa
''Castanea sativa'', the sweet chestnut, Spanish chestnut or just chestnut, is a species of tree in the family Fagaceae, native to Southern Europe and Asia Minor, and widely cultivated throughout the temperate world. A substantial, long-lived ...
'' and ''Ostrya carpinifolia
''Ostrya carpinifolia'', the European hop-hornbeam, is a tree in the family Betulaceae. It is the only species of the genus ''Ostrya'' that is native to Europe.
The specific epithet ''carpinifolia'' means "hornbeam-leaved", from , the Latin word ...
'', as well as on ''Quercus
An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably '' ...
'', ''Carpinus
Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the flowering plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The 30–40 species occur across much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Origin of names
The common English name ''hornbeam' ...
'', ''Salix
Willows, also called sallows and osiers, from the genus ''Salix'', comprise around 400 speciesMabberley, D.J. 1997. The Plant Book, Cambridge University Press #2: Cambridge. of typically deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist so ...
'', ''Alnus
Alders are trees comprising the genus ''Alnus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The genus comprises about 35 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, a few reaching a large size, distributed throughout the north temperate zone with a few spec ...
'', ''Populus
''Populus'' is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (), aspen, and cottonwood.
The we ...
'' and ''Betula
A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus ''Betula'' (), in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams. It is closely related to the beech-oak family Fagaceae. The genus ''Betula'' contains 3 ...
'' species.[
]
See also
* '' Clytus arietis'', another common wasp-mimicking longhorn beetle
References
External links
Cerambycoidea
Lepturinae
Beetles of Europe
Beetles described in 1761
Taxa named by Nikolaus Poda von Neuhaus
{{Lepturinae-stub