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Whiteside (formerly Aetna, Etna and Running Water) is an
unincorporated community An unincorporated area is a parcel of land that is not governed by a local general-purpose municipal corporation. (At p. 178.) They may be governed or serviced by an encompassing unit (such as a county) or another branch of the state (such as th ...
in Marion County, Tennessee. It was originally settled as a Cherokee town in the late eighteenth century. After Indian Removal, European-American settlers moved in and later named it after James Anderson Whiteside (1803–1861), attorney, Chattanooga railroad promoter and land investor.Larry Miller,
Tennessee Place Names
' (Indiana University Press, 2001), p. 222.
It lies at an elevation of 807 feet (246 m). Tennessee State Route 134 passes by Whiteside, which is located between
Chattanooga Chattanooga ( ) is a city in Hamilton County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. It is located along the Tennessee River and borders Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the south. With a population of 181,099 in 2020, it is Tennessee ...
and Haletown, just north of the Tennessee-
Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...
state line.
Interstate 24 Interstate 24 (I-24) is an Interstate Highway in the Midwestern and Southeastern United States. It runs diagonally from I-57, south of Marion, Illinois, to Chattanooga, Tennessee, at I-75. It travels through Illinois, Kentucky, Tennesse ...
also passes through the community.


Demographics


History

For the decade preceding his death in 1792, Cherokee war chief Dragging Canoe lived at Running Water (), a Chickamauga town. He and his Cherokee followers were opposed to European-American settlement in their lands; they moved to more distant areas of the frontier to avoid the Americans. The community of Whiteside developed later at this site, named for a major railway investor. Shortly before the Civil War, a railway was constructed in this area. The terrain required also the construction of a tunnel and bridge. Colonel James Whiteside was a major stockholder in the East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad. It took over construction of what is known as Whiteside Tunnel in 1858 through Missionary Ridge near Chattanooga when the Chattanooga, Harrison, Georgetown & Charleston Railroad went bankrupt. The tunnel is long. This railroad was later acquired by the Southern Railway (now the Norfolk-Southern) for its Knoxville-to-Birmingham main route. The Whiteside bridge was constructed on another part of the route. Confederate troops destroyed it during the Civil War, but Union forces rebuilt the Whiteside trestle in 1863, for what was then known as the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad. This structure washed away in a flood in 1867. The next bridge, also a single span, lasted to 1924. A double-span bridge was added to this area. These were considered important strategic structures. After the tunnel was abandoned, because of changes in rail standards and patterns of use, it was donated in 1968 to the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum. The Whiteside Tunnel was listed on the
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government's official United States National Register of Historic Places listings, list of sites, buildings, structures, Hist ...
in 1978, as NRHP 78002595. The Whiteside structures were integral to the passage of freight and passengers through the
Tennessee River The Tennessee River is a long river located in the Southern United States, southeastern United States in the Tennessee Valley. Flowing through the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of Fren ...
valley from
Chattanooga Chattanooga ( ) is a city in Hamilton County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. It is located along the Tennessee River and borders Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the south. With a population of 181,099 in 2020, it is Tennessee ...
to points west. The Tennessee River did not become navigable west of Chattanooga, as an alternate route, until after construction of the Hales Bar Dam and associated locks, which opened in 1913.


References

Unincorporated communities in Marion County, Tennessee Unincorporated communities in Tennessee Cherokee towns in Tennessee {{MarionCountyTN-geo-stub