Rukun 13 or Rukun Tiga Belas (The Thirteen Pillars) is a defunct
Sarawak
Sarawak (; ) is a state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, ...
ian organisation that existed from 1947 until 1950.
Formation
This organisation was officially formed at the end of 1947 in opposition to the
Cession to the United Kingdom in Sarawak. At first, the organisation had planned to kill the British Governor
Sir Charles Noble Arden-Clarke but the plan never came to fruition. After Sir Arden-Clarke was transferred to the
Gold Coast
Gold Coast may refer to:
Places Africa
* Gold Coast (region), in West Africa, which was made up of the following colonies, before being established as the independent nation of Ghana:
** Portuguese Gold Coast (Portuguese, 1482–1642)
** Dutch G ...
colony he was succeeded by Sir
Duncan George Stewart.
The objective of the group is to establish a union with the newly independent Indonesia. However, the British decided to keep this information a secret so as not to blame the assassination on Indonesian nationalists and provoke a full-scale war with Indonesia.
Penalty and disestablishment
After Duncan Stewart was fatally wounded by
Rosli Dhobi
Rosli Dhobi (18 March 1932 – 2 March 1950) was a Sarawakian nationalist from Sibu of mixed Malay-Melanau descent during the British crown colony era in that state.
He was a member leader of the Rukun 13, an active organisation in the anti-c ...
and later died in
Singapore General Hospital
Singapore General Hospital (SGH) is an academic health science centre and tertiary referral hospital in Singapore. It is located next to the Bukit Merah and Chinatown districts of the Central Region, close to the Outram Community Hospital (OC ...
, the British arrested all Rukun 13 members by March 1950. The 2 main members of Rukun 13,
Rosli Dhobi
Rosli Dhobi (18 March 1932 – 2 March 1950) was a Sarawakian nationalist from Sibu of mixed Malay-Melanau descent during the British crown colony era in that state.
He was a member leader of the Rukun 13, an active organisation in the anti-c ...
and
Awang Rambli were
sentenced to death
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned practice of deliberately killing a person as a punishment for an actual or supposed crime, usually following an authorized, rule-governed process to conclude that t ...
together with 2 other people,
Bujang Suntong and
Morshidi Sidek who were not Rukun 13 members. The rest of the Rukun 13 members were
jailed
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, correcti ...
.
List of Rukun 13 members
*
Rosli Dhobi
Rosli Dhobi (18 March 1932 – 2 March 1950) was a Sarawakian nationalist from Sibu of mixed Malay-Melanau descent during the British crown colony era in that state.
He was a member leader of the Rukun 13, an active organisation in the anti-c ...
* Awang Rambli Amit Mohd Deli.
*
Abg Ahmad
*
Osman Dollah
*
Morni Junit
*
Jack Yusof
*
Awang Osman
*
Abg Han Abg Ahmad
*
Wan Zin
*
Che Alias Osman
*
Tambek Adun
*
Amin Jenal
*
Abg Mat Sirat
References
* Haji Nasir Haji Sulaiman/Mary Tan Swee Ee/Ros Maria Chin, Pendekatan Diagramatik Sejarah PMR, Sasbadi Press
* Ramlah Binti Adam/Abdul Hakim Bin Samuri/Shakila Parween Binti Yacob/Muslimin Bin Fadzil, Sejarah Tingkatan 5,
DBP
A documentary of Rosli Dhobi(Malay)
History of Sarawak
1947 establishments in Sarawak
Malaysian rebels
Organizations established in 1947
Terrorism in Malaysia
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