Rudolf Löwenstein (February 20, 1819, Breslau – January 6, 1891,

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

) was a German author. When only 9 years of age he was baptized. Educated at the gymnasium at Glogau and the universities of Breslau and

, he received the degree of ''

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...

'' in 1843. As early as 1836 some of Löwenstein's poems had been printed in the journals of

Silesia Silesia (, also , ) is a historical region of Central Europe that lies mostly within Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is approximately , and the population is estimated at around 8,000,000. Silesia is split ...

; and his reputation was established by the appearance in 1846 of his ''Der

Kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cent ...

'', a collection of songs for children. In 1848 he with David Kalisch and Ernest Dohm founded the well-known ''Kladderadatsch'', of which he became one of the chief editors. The revolution of 1848 found Löwenstein on the liberal side, and he was expelled from

Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an em ...

in 1849 for his political activity. Returning to Berlin in 1850, he resumed the editorship of ''Kladderadatsch'' and continued in this capacity for 37 years. In 1863 he became editor also of the political part of the ''Gerichtszeitung''. In 1887 he retired from public life. Besides his ''Der Kindergarten'', he wrote ''Ehret die Frauen,'' Berlin, 1874, and many songs, most of which were set to music. His political poems in the ''Kladderadatsch'' gained him a wide reputation, especially those written during the eventful period 1860-80. His grave is preserved in the

Protestant Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...

''Friedhof III der Jerusalems- und Neuen Kirchengemeinde'' (Cemetery No. III of the congregations of

Jerusalem's Church Jerusalem Church (german: Jerusalem(s)kirche, Jerusalemer Kirche) is one of the churches of the Evangelical Congregation in the Friedrichstadt (under this name since 2001), a member of the Protestant umbrella organisation Evangelical Church of ...

and New Church) in

Berlin-Kreuzberg Kreuzberg () is a district of Berlin, Germany. It is part of the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg borough located south of Mitte. During the Cold War era, it was one of the poorest areas of West Berlin, but since German reunification in 1990 it has ...

, south of

Hallesches Tor The Hallesches Tor was located in today's Berlin district Kreuzberg south of Mehringplatz. Today, as a historic monument listed underground station on the site of the former gate bears the name ''Hallesches Tor''. It is a major transfer point f ...

References

* 1819 births 1891 deaths German male writers German people of Jewish descent Jewish German writers {{Germany-writer-stub