Rubenstein, Richard E.
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Richard E. Rubenstein (born February 24, 1938) is an author and University Professor of Conflict Resolution and Public Affairs at
George Mason University George Mason University (George Mason, Mason, or GMU) is a public research university in Fairfax County, Virginia with an independent City of Fairfax, Virginia postal address in the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area. The university was origin ...
, holding degrees from
Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...
,
Oxford University Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
(as a
Rhodes Scholar The Rhodes Scholarship is an international postgraduate award for students to study at the University of Oxford, in the United Kingdom. Established in 1902, it is the oldest graduate scholarship in the world. It is considered among the world' ...
), and
Harvard Law School Harvard Law School (Harvard Law or HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest continuously operating law school in the United States. Each class ...
. Rubenstein is from
Woodmere, New York Woodmere is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 17,554 at the 2016 census. Woodmere is one of the Long Island communities known as the Five Towns, w ...
. He lives in
Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...


Career

Rubenstein was an attorney at Steptoe & Johnson in Washington, DC, and served as assistant director of the Adlai Stevenson Institute of International Affairs in
Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...
before becoming associate professor of political science at Roosevelt University (1970–79), professor of law and academic dean at Antioch Law School (1979–87), and university professor at George Mason University (since 1987). He is a faculty member and former director of George Mason's
Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter School for Peace and Conflict Resolution The Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter School for Peace and Conflict Resolution (formerly known as the School for Conflict Analysis and Resolution or S-CAR) is a constituent college of George Mason University based near Washington, D.C., United States, s ...
, the nation's oldest and largest conflict studies program. Since the 1970s Rubenstein has been active in movements for
peace Peace is a concept of societal friendship and harmony in the absence of hostility and violence. In a social sense, peace is commonly used to mean a lack of conflict (such as war) and freedom from fear of violence between individuals or groups. ...
, racial equality, and
social justice Social justice is justice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society. In Western and Asian cultures, the concept of social justice has often referred to the process of ensuring that individuals fu ...
. In Chicago he helped organize protests against the
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
and activities in support of the Black Power movement. His writings have mostly been about various types of violent conflicts and the possibilities of resolving them by restructuring failing socioeconomic, cultural, and political systems. His first book, "Rebels in Eden: Mass Violence in the United States," (Little Brown, 1970) was an attempt to understand the racial uprisings of the sixties in the context of the history of struggles for group autonomy in America. This was followed by "Left Turn: Origins of the Next American Revolution," (Little Brown, 1973), an interpretation of U.S. politics in light of America's "three class" social system. After coming to Washington, Rubenstein wrote two books on
terrorism Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...
: "Alchemists of Revolution," (Basic Books, 1986), a Marxist take on the origins and dynamics of terrorism movements, and "Comrade Valentine" (Harcourt Books, 1993), a meditation on the life of
Yevno Azef Yevno Fishelevich Azef (russian: Евгений Филиппович (Евно Фишелевич) Азеф, also transliterated as ''Evno'' Azef, 1869–1918) was a Russian socialist revolutionary who also operated as a double agent and agent ...
, the notorious double agent who terrorized Russian society in the decade before the
Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution was a period of Political revolution (Trotskyism), political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire which began during the First World War. This period saw Russia abolish its monarchy and ad ...
. Beginning in the late 90s, Rubenstein turned his attention to religious conflict and wrote three books showing why religious disputes become (or don't become) violent. "When Jesus Became God" (Harcourt, 1999), is a best-selling account of the controversy over Christ's divinity in
early Christianity Early Christianity (up to the First Council of Nicaea in 325) spread from the Levant, across the Roman Empire, and beyond. Originally, this progression was closely connected to already established Jewish centers in the Holy Land and the Jewish ...
. "Aristotle's Children" (Harcourt, 2003), is the story of how the medieval
Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
allowed its thinking to be transformed by the great debate over
Aristotelian philosophy Aristotelianism ( ) is a philosophical tradition inspired by the work of Aristotle, usually characterized by deductive logic and an analytic inductive method in the study of natural philosophy and metaphysics. It covers the treatment of the socia ...
. And "Thus Saith the Lord: The Revolutionary Moral Vision of Isaiah and Jeremiah" (Harcourt, 2006), tells how the later Jewish prophets were inspired to develop a new vision of international ethics by reacting to the empires of their day. In 2010 Rubenstein's book, Reasons to Kill: Why Americans Choose War" was published by Bloomsbury Press. This study describes the arguments and images used to convince Americans that wars are justified by the values of their "civil religion." His latest books are "Resolving Structural Conflicts: How Violent Systems Can Be Transformed" (Routledge, 2017), and "Conflict Resolution After the Pandemic: Building Peace, Pursuing Justice," an edited work (with Solon Simmons) published by Routledge in 2021. Rubenstein's blog, www.rich-rubenstein.com, contains material about conflict analysis and resolution generally and articles written for online journals such as CounterPunch and Transcend Media Service.


Selected works

* ''Rebels in Eden: Mass Political Violence in America''. Little, Brown. 1970. (Also published in the UK). * ''Left Turn: Origins of the Next American Revolution''. Little, Brown. 1973. (Also published in the UK). * ''Alchemists of Revolution: Terrorism in the Modern World''. Basic Books. 1987. . * ''Comrade Valentine: The True Story of Azef the Spy''. Harcourt. 1994. . (Also published in Poland). * ''When Jesus Became God: The Struggle to Define Christianity During the Last Days of Rome''. Harcourt. 2000. (Also published in France, Brazil, Mexico, Korea, and Japan). * ''Aristotle's Children: How Christians, Muslims, and Jews Rediscovered Ancient Wisdom and Illuminated the Middle Ages''. Harcourt. 2003. . (Also published in Brazil, Mexico, Korea, Japan, Nationalist China, and Greece). * ''Thus Saith the Lord: The Revolutionary Moral Vision of Isaiah and Jeremiah''. Harcourt. 2006.
''Reasons to Kill: Why Americans Choose War''
Bloomsbury Press. 2010.


References


External links


Faculty page at George Mason UniversityRich Rubenstein's BlogJimmy and Rosalynn Carter School for Peace and Conflict Resolution
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rubenstein, Richard E. American medievalists 1938 births Harvard Law School alumni George Mason University faculty Living people 20th-century American Jews Harvard College alumni American Rhodes Scholars Alumni of the University of Oxford 21st-century American Jews