Roughness may refer to: *

Surface roughness Surface roughness, often shortened to roughness, is a component of surface finish (surface texture). It is quantified by the deviations in the direction of the normal vector of a real surface from its ideal form. If these deviations are large, ...

, the roughness of a surface *

Roughness length Roughness length (z_0) is a parameter of some vertical wind profile equations that model the horizontal mean wind speed near the ground. In the log wind profile, it is equivalent to the height at which the wind speed theoretically becomes zero in ...

, roughness as applied in meteorology * International Roughness Index, the roughness of a road *

Hydraulic roughness Hydraulic roughness is the measure of the amount of frictional resistance water experiences when passing over land and channel features. One roughness coefficient is '' Manning's n-value''. Manning’s n is used extensively around the world to pre ...

, the roughness of land and waterway features *

Roughness (psychophysics) Roughness is studied by examining how textures are perceived and encoded by an individual's somatosensory system. In an experiment to measure and compare the roughness of different sounds, listeners are presented with different sounds and asked to ...

in psychoacoustics refers to the level of dissonance *The 'roughness' of a line or surface, measured numerically by the

Hausdorff dimension In mathematics, Hausdorff dimension is a measure of ''roughness'', or more specifically, fractal dimension, that was first introduced in 1918 by mathematician Felix Hausdorff. For instance, the Hausdorff dimension of a single point is zero, of a ...

* Roughness/resel, the resel/roughness of an image/volume *

Unnecessary roughness In gridiron football, a penalty is a sanction assessed against a team for a violation of the rules, called a foul. Officials initially signal penalties by tossing a bright yellow colored penalty flag onto the field toward or at the spot of a fou ...

, a type of foul in gridiron football

See also