Rottum (or Röppen) is a small village on an

artificial dwelling hill A ''terp'', also known as a ''wierde, woerd, warf, warft, werf, werve, wurt'' or ''værft'', is an artificial dwelling mound found on the North European Plain that has been created to provide safe ground during storm surges, high tides and ...

between

Kantens Kantens is a village in the Netherlands, Dutch province of Groningen (province), Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Het Hogeland, about 16 km north of the city of Groningen (city), Groningen. It had a population of around 965 incl ...

and

Usquert Usquert is a village in the Netherlands, Dutch province of Groningen (province), Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Het Hogeland. It had a population of around 1,415 in January 2017. History Usquert was a separate municipality until 1 ...

in the municipality of

Het Hogeland Het Hogeland is a municipality in the north of the province of Groningen (province), Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. History The municipality of Het Hogeland was established on 1 January 2019 by merging the municipalities of Bedu ...

, falling under the province

Groningen Groningen (; gos, Grunn or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen province in the Netherlands. The ''capital of the north'', Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of the northern part of t ...

in the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

. It had a population of around 85 in January 2017.Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2017
- CSB Statline

History

Heathen chapel

The village was founded on a clay bank of the Fivel

estuary An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime environment ...

and the

Wadden Sea The Wadden Sea ( nl, Waddenzee ; german: Wattenmeer; nds, Wattensee or ; da, Vadehavet; fy, Waadsee, longname=yes; frr, di Heef) is an intertidal zone in the southeastern part of the North Sea. It lies between the coast of northwestern conti ...

. Since high tides were threatening the early inhabitants they raised its height with manure and waste: this way an

was created. On top of the artificial dwelling hill eventually a heathen chapel was located, according to the biography of the missionary

Ludger Ludger ( la, Ludgerus; also Lüdiger or Liudger) (born at Zuilen near Utrecht 742; died 26 March 809 at Billerbeck) was a missionary among the Frisians and Saxons, founder of Werden Abbey and the first Bishop of Münster in Westphalia. He has ...

. The name "Rottum" could be derived from "rot Heim", which can be translated as "red dwelling-place".

Monastery

St. Juliana's Abbey was a Benedictine monastery, probably founded between 1195 and 1210 by monks from the Benedictine

Werden Abbey Werden Abbey (german: Kloster Werden) was a Benedictine monastery in Essen-Werden (Germany), situated on the Ruhr. The foundation of the abbey Near Essen Saint Ludger founded a monastery in 799 and became its first abbot. The little church w ...

in Germany. The monastery was demolished at the end of the 1800s.

Rottumeroog Rottumeroog () is an Desert island, uninhabited island in the Wadden Sea and is part of the Netherlands. The island is one of three West Frisian Islands in the province of Groningen (province), Groningen. It is situated between the islands of Rott ...

or Rottum, an island in the

Waddenzee The Wadden Sea ( nl, Waddenzee ; german: Wattenmeer; nds, Wattensee or ; da, Vadehavet; fy, Waadsee, longname=yes; frr, di Heef) is an intertidal zone in the southeastern part of the North Sea. It lies between the coast of northwestern conti ...

, is named after the village since the monastery was two-thirds owner of the island. Near the village the nunnery named

Bethlehem Bethlehem (; ar, بيت لحم ; he, בֵּית לֶחֶם '' '') is a city in the central West Bank, Palestine, about south of Jerusalem. Its population is approximately 25,000,Amara, 1999p. 18.Brynen, 2000p. 202. and it is the capital o ...

was located.

Protestant church

In 1889 a Protestant church was built on the same location as the monastery. The poet Jan Boer was born in Rottum. In 1999 the sculptor Greet Grottendieck was asked to make a bust of Jan Boer to celebrate the 100th anniversary of his day of birth.

Gallery

File:Kerk van Rottum.jpg, Church of Rottum File:Rottum - Ceres (1).jpg, Former brick works File:Afgegraven wierde.JPG, Excavated ''

terp A ''terp'', also known as a ''wierde, woerd, warf, warft, werf, werve, wurt'' or ''værft'', is an artificial dwelling mound found on the North European Plain that has been created to provide safe ground during storm surges, high tides an ...

'' File:Rottum - kloosterkerk - 1854.jpg, View on the monastery (1854)

References

External links

* {{Coord, 53, 22, 55, N, 6, 37, 13, E, display=title, region:NL_source:nlwiki Artificial dwelling hills Het Hogeland Populated places in Groningen (province)