Rosario Manalo (née González) (born October 2, 1935), is a Filipino career diplomat, political scientist, and educator in the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. She is the Special Representative of the Philippines to the

ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights The ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) was inaugurated in October 2009 as a consultative body of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The human rights commission exists to promote and protect human rights, and ...

and has served as undersecretary of Foreign Affairs in charge of International Economic Relations from 1997 to 2001. Moreover, she has served as Philippine ambassador to

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

(with concurrent accreditation in

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...

Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...

Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...

and

Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...

), to

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

(with concurrent accreditation in

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...

), to

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...

(with concurrent accreditation in

Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...

) and to the

European Economic Community The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisb ...

Early life and education

Manalo was born on October 2, 1935 in Manila, Philippines. Manalo earned Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service and Bachelor of Science in Jurisprudence degrees, a

Bachelor of Laws Bachelor of Laws ( la, Legum Baccalaureus; LL.B.) is an undergraduate law degree in the United Kingdom and most common law jurisdictions. Bachelor of Laws is also the name of the law degree awarded by universities in the People's Republic of Chi ...

degree and a

Master of Arts A Master of Arts ( la, Magister Artium or ''Artium Magister''; abbreviated MA, M.A., AM, or A.M.) is the holder of a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is usually contrasted with that of Master of Science. Tho ...

Public Administration Public Administration (a form of governance) or Public Policy and Administration (an academic discipline) is the implementation of public policy, administration of government establishment (public governance), management of non-profit establ ...

from the

University of the Philippines Diliman , image = University of The Philippines seal.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = Official Logo of UP Diliman , motto = Honor and Excellence , established = February 12, 194 ...

and a

International Studies International relations (IR), sometimes referred to as international studies and international affairs, is the scientific study of interactions between sovereign states. In a broader sense, it concerns all activities between states—such as ...

and

Diplomacy Diplomacy comprises spoken or written communication by representatives of states (such as leaders and diplomats) intended to influence events in the international system.Ronald Peter Barston, ''Modern diplomacy'', Pearson Education, 2006, p. 1 ...

from

Long Island University Long Island University (LIU) is a private university with two main campuses, LIU Post and LIU Brooklyn, in the U.S. state of New York. It offers more than 500 academic programs at its main campuses, online, and at multiple non-residential. LIU ...

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

. She was the first woman to pass the Philippine Foreign Service Officers’ Examinations (FSO) in 1959.

Diplomatic career

Manalo was based in Manila for eighteen years before getting her first foreign assignment. She was the Philippine Permanent Delegate to the UNESCO from 1990 to 1994, and the

from 1979 to 1987. She was Chairwoman of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women from 1983 to 1988. In 1976, she was named Deputy Secretary General of the

ASEAN ASEAN ( , ), officially the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a political and economic union of 10 member states in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, militar ...

National Secretariat, and a Senior Official of the

Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC ) is an inter-governmental forum for 21 member economies in the Pacific Rim that promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific region.

in 1996. She was Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs in charge of International Economic Relations from 1997 to 2001. She served as Philippine Ambassador to

(with concurrent accreditation in

and

), to

(with concurrent accreditation in

and

Monaco Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (french: Principauté de Monaco; Ligurian: ; oc, Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Lig ...

), to

(with concurrent accreditation in

. Manalo is the Philippine representative and one of only twelve elected experts to the New York-based United Nations Committee monitoring the implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women or CEDAW from 1992 to 2002. Manalo chaired the High-Level Task Force which drafted the new ASEAN charter that carried the Philippine-initiative creating a human rights body. At present, Manalo is the Special Representative of the

to the

Academic work

Manalo is the Dean of the HZB School of International Relations and Diplomacy in the Philippine Women's University. She is a lecturer in the European Studies Program in the

Ateneo de Manila University , mottoeng = Light in the Lord , type = Private, research, non-profit, coeducational basic and higher education institution , established = December 10, 1859 , religious_affiliation = Roman Catholic (Jesuits) , academic_aff ...

. and in the Consular and Diplomatic Affairs Program of the School of Diplomacy and Governance at De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde (DLS-CSB), a district school of

De La Salle Philippines De La Salle Philippines (DLSP) (''incorporated as De La Salle Philippines, Inc''), established in 2006, is a network of Lasallian educational institutions within the Lasallian East Asia District established to facilitate collaboration in the La ...

. She was also a lecturer in

Miriam College Miriam College ( fil, Dalubhasaang Miriam) is a non-stock, non-profit Filipino Catholic educational institution for girls and young women in Quezon City, Philippines. It offers academic programs from pre-elementary to post-graduate and adult e ...

and the

University of Asia and the Pacific The University of Asia and the Pacific (UA&P; Filipino: ''Pamantasan ng Asya at Pasipiko'') is a private university in the Philippines. It traces its beginnings to the Center for Research and Communication (CRC), which was established on August 1 ...

on Philippine Foreign Policy for the Master of Arts in Political Economy program, as well as Comparative European Political Economy. Moreover, she chairs the UNESCO National Commission of the Philippines, the educational and cultural advocacy group of the

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and international security, security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be ...

Socio-civic work

Manalo held leadership positions in various national and international civic and professional groups, such as—the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women from 1975 to 1986, '' Federación Internacional de Abogadas'', the Women's Lawyers’ Circle of the Philippines, and ZONTA Philippines.

Personal life

She was married to writer and fellow diplomat, Armando Manalo (d. 2008). Her son,

Enrique Manalo Jose Enrique "Joric" Austria Manalo (born July 21, 1952) is a Filipino diplomat currently serving as the Secretary of Foreign Affairs under the Marcos administration since July 1, 2022. He previously served in an acting role under the Duterte a ...

, who also served as a diplomat, is the former ambassador of the Philippines to the United Kingdom (2011 – 2016) and

Permanent Representative of the Philippines to the United Nations The Ambassador and Permanent Representative of the Philippines to the United Nations ( fil, Sugo at Palagiang Kinatawan ng Pilipinas sa mga Nagkakaisang Bansa) is the head of the diplomatic mission of the government of the Philippines to the United ...

(2020 – 2022), and the current

Secretary of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

under the Marcos Jr. administration since July 1, 2022.

References