''Rosa foetida'', known by several common names, including Austrian briar,
Persian yellow rose,
[ and Austrian copper rose,][ is a species of ]rose
A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be ...
, native to the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains
The Caucasus Mountains,
: pronounced
* hy, Կովկասյան լեռներ,
: pronounced
* az, Qafqaz dağları, pronounced
* rus, Кавка́зские го́ры, Kavkázskiye góry, kɐfˈkasːkʲɪje ˈɡorɨ
* tr, Kafkas Dağla ...
in Georgia
Georgia most commonly refers to:
* Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States
Georgia may also refer to:
Places
Historical states and entities
* Related to the ...
. It has yellow flower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...
s with a scent which some find objectionable. Since there were no yellow roses native to Europe, its introduction from Persia was an important addition to the cultivation of roses, and ''R. foetida'' is now an important contributor to the stock of cultivated roses.
Name
The rose is named for its smell--''foetida'' is Latin for "having a bad smell"—which is reminiscent of boiled linseed oil
Linseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil or flax oil (in its edible form), is a colourless to yellowish oil obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant (''Linum usitatissimum''). The oil is obtained by pressing, sometimes followed by ...
, a smell which some find objectionable.
Cultivation history
''Rosa foetida'' was imported to Europe from Persia (''R. foetida'' 'persiana' being the name of one of its varietiesCarolus Clusius
Charles de l'Écluse, L'Escluse, or Carolus Clusius (19 February 1526 – 4 April 1609), seigneur de Watènes, was an Artois doctor and pioneering botanist, perhaps the most influential of all 16th-century scientific horticulturists.
Life
Clu ...
; he grew them in the imperial garden of Rudolf II
Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg), Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–160 ...
in Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
. Its popularity was aided by Clusius's contemporary, Flemish painter and engraver Joris Hoefnagel
Joris Hoefnagel or Georg Hoefnagel (1542, in Antwerp – 24 July 1601, in Vienna) was a Flemish painter, printmaker, miniaturist, draftsman and merchant. He is noted for his illustrations of natural history subjects, topographical views, ...
, who contrasted it with the Eglantine rose in a manuscript illustration.
An important rose, inasmuch as it is the source of yellow in modern-day hybrids, most famously 'Soleil d'Or' (''R. foetida'' x 'Antoine Ducher'; 1900), was bred by Joseph Pernet-Ducher. One variety, ''Rosa foetida'' var. '' 'bicolor' '', the Austrian Copper rose, blooms early in the season and has flowers with petals that are red or orange on the upper interior surface but yellow on the lower exterior surface.[ ''Rosa foetida'' has exerted great influence on the modern stock of cultivated roses, contributing also its susceptibility to black spot.]
Description and cultivation
The rose is described as a "spindly bush, not terribly vigorous", requiring a stake or a wall, growing up to six feet tall.[
]
See also
* Rosa 'Harison's Yellow'
''Rosa'' 'Harison's Yellow', also known as ''R. × harisonii'', the Oregon Trail Rose or the Yellow Rose of Texas, is a rose cultivar which originated as a chance hybrid in the early 19th century. It probably is a seedling of ''Rosa foetida'' an ...
, a cultivar of ''Rosa foetida''
* ''Rosa persica
Rosa or De Rosa may refer to:
People
*Rosa (given name)
* Rosa (surname)
*Santa Rosa (female given name from Latin-a latinized variant of Rose)
Places
* 223 Rosa, an asteroid
*Rosa, Alabama, a town, United States
* Rosa, Germany, in Thuringia, ...
'', not to be confused with ''Rosa foetida'' 'persiana'
References
External links
Info on ''R. foetida'' var. '' 'bicolor' ''
Photos of ''R. foetida'' var. '' 'bicolor' ''
{{Taxonbar, from=Q134801
foetida
Flora of Europe
Articles containing video clips
Taxa named by Johann Hermann