Romerike

Romerike is a traditional district located north-east of Oslo, in what is today south-eastern Norway. It consists of the Viken municipalities Lillestrøm, Lørenskog, Nittedal, Rælingen and Aurskog-Høland in the southern end (Nedre Romerike), and Ullensaker, Gjerdrum, Nannestad, Nes, Eidsvoll and Hurdal in the northern end (Øvre Romerike).

Etymology

The Old Norse form of the name was ', but the name must be much older (see below). The first element is the genitive plural of ' m ("person from Romerike"); the final element is ' n ("kingdom, reich"; cf. Ringerike, Rånrike). In the '' Hversu Noregr byggdist'' and in '' Thorsteins saga Víkingssonar'', the name is attributed to the mythical king Raum the Old (''Raumr inn gamli''). According to the latter saga, the members of the family were big and ugly, and because of this big and ugly people were called "great Raumar".

History

The name Romerike may be derived ultimately from ''Raum elfr'', which was an old name for the Glomma river.

Before the unification of Norway by King Harald Fairhair, Romerike was a petty kingdom. It had its age of greatness between the 5th and 7th centuries. The 6th century Goth scholar Jordanes wrote in his ''Getica'' about a tribe located in Scandza which he named the ''Raumarici'' and which seems to be the same name as ''Raumariki'', the old name for Romerike.

In ''Beowulf'' and ''Widsith'', the tribe is mentioned as the warlike ''Heaðo-Reamas'' (i.e. ''battling Reamas'', for the correspondence between ''Reamas'' and ''Raumar'' compare ''Geatas'' and ''Gautar'').

Snorri Sturluson relates in his ''Heimskringla'' that it was ruled by the semi-legendary Swedish kings, Sigurd Hring and Ragnar Lodbrok during the 8th century.

In the 9th century, Halfdan the Black, the father of King Harald Fairhair, subdued the area by defeating and killing the previous ruler, Sigtryg, in battle. He then defeated Sigtryg's brother and successor Eystein in a series of battles.

After the death of Halfdan the Black, Romerike submitted to the Swedish king Erik Eymundsson. However, it was forcibly conquered by Harald Fairhair who spent a summer there, to ensure that Romerike was integrated into his newly-created kingdom of Norway.

The centre of the kingdom and the earliest settlements were at Sand, between Jessheim and Garder, where the soil was easiest to cultivate and the surrounding forests were rich in game animals.

Kings of Raumariki

*Raum the Old
*Eystein Halfdansson
*Halfdan the Mild
*Sigtryg Eysteinsson
*Eystein Eysteinsson, brother of Sigtryg
*Halfdan the Black
*Erik Eymundsson

Raknehaugen

Rakni's Mound (''Raknehaugen'') has been estimated to date to around 550 AD (possibly 552 AD). It is located in the very heart of Romerike. Raknehaugen is a burial mound (''gravhaug'') from the Old Norse word ''haugr'' meaning barrow or mound. It is assumed that it is named after a king with the name ''Rakni''. At 77 metres in diameter and more than 15 metres high, Raknehaugen at Ullensaker is the largest barrow in Northern Europe.

References

{{reflist

Other sources

*De Geer, Ebba Hult ''Raknehaugen'' (A.W. Bråggers. 1938)
*Grieg, Sigurd ''Raknehaugen'' (Viking 5 – Norsk Arkeologisk Selskap, Oslo. 1941)
*Skre, Dagfinn ''Raknehaugen - en empirisk loftsrydning'' (Viking 60 – Norsk Arkeologisk Selskap, Oslo. 1997)

External links

RaknehaugenRomerikes Blad
(local newspaper)

Districts of Viken
Petty kingdoms of Norway