The Diocese of Aire and Dax (
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
'':'' ''Dioecesis Adurensis et Aquae Augustae'';
French
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to France
** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents
** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
: ''Diocèse d'Aire et Dax'') is a
Latin Church
, native_name_lang = la
, image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg
, imagewidth = 250px
, alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran
, caption = Archbasilica of Saint Joh ...
ecclesiastical territory or
diocese
In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
History
In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, pro ...
of the
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
in
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
. It comprises the ''
département
In the administrative divisions of France, the department (french: département, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level ("territorial collectivity, territorial collectivities"), between the regions of France, admin ...
'' of
Landes
''Landes'', or ''Lanas'' in Gascon, means moorland or heath.
''Landes'' and ''Lanas'' come from the Latin ''plānus'' meaning “‘flat, even, level, plain’”. They are therefore cognate with the English plain (and plane), the Spanish word '' ...
, in the ''
région
France is divided into eighteen administrative regions (french: régions, singular ), of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France (in Europe), while the other five are overseas regions (not to be confused with the overseas collect ...
'' of Gascony in
Aquitaine
Aquitaine ( , , ; oc, Aquitània ; eu, Akitania; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Aguiéne''), archaic Guyenne or Guienne ( oc, Guiana), is a historical region of southwestern France and a former administrative region of the country. Since 1 January ...
.
It was a
suffragan diocese
A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria ...
of the
Archdiocese of Auch
The Archdiocese of Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Auxitana-Condomiensis-Lectoriensis-Lomberiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse d'Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez''), more commonly known as the Archdiocese of Auch, is a Latin Churc ...
under the
Ancien Régime
''Ancien'' may refer to
* the French word for "ancient, old"
** Société des anciens textes français
* the French for "former, senior"
** Virelai ancien
** Ancien Régime
** Ancien Régime in France
{{disambig ...
, but was not re-established until 1822, when it was again made a suffragan of the re-established Archdiocese of Auch, and was assigned the territory of the former Diocese of Aire and
Diocese of Acqs
The Diocese of Dax, Landes, Dax or Acqs was a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in Gascony in south-west France. According to tradition it was established in the 5th century. It was suppressed after the French Revolution, by the Concordat o ...
(Dax).
It is now a suffragan in the
ecclesiastical province
An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction
Jurisdiction (from Latin 'law' + 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice. In federations like the United State ...
of the
metropolitan
Metropolitan may refer to:
* Metropolitan area, a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories
* Metropolitan borough, a form of local government district in England
* Metropolitan county, a typ ...
Archdiocese of Bordeaux
The Archdiocese of Bordeaux (–Bazas) (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Burdigalensis (–Bazensis)''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Bordeaux (–Bazas)''; Occitan: ''Archidiocèsi de Bordèu (–Vasats)'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or a ...
.
It has been known since 1857 as the Diocese of Aire and Dax. It is a
co-cathedral diocese, with
cathedra
A ''cathedra'' is the raised throne of a bishop in the early Christian basilica. When used with this meaning, it may also be called the bishop's throne. With time, the related term ''cathedral'' became synonymous with the "seat", or principa ...
s in
the Cathedral St-Jean-Baptiste d' Aire and in
Nôtre Dame de Dax.
On April 6, 2017, the resignation letter of recent Bishop Herve Gaschignard was officially accepted by Pope Francis following allegations that Gaschignard
engaged in inappropriate behavior with young people.
History
The first reference to a bishop of
Aire
Aire may refer to:
Music
* ''Aire'' (Yuri album), 1987
* ''Aire'' (Pablo Ruiz album), 1997
*''Aire (Versión Día)'', an album by Jesse & Joy
Places
*Aire-sur-la-Lys, a town in the Pas-de-Calais département in France
*Aire-la-Ville, a municip ...
, on the river
Adour
The Adour (; eu, Aturri; oc, Ador) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High-Bigorre (Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. i ...
, in history is to
Marcellus, represented at the
Council of Agde
The Council of Agde was a regional synod held in September 506 at Agatha or Agde, on the Mediterranean coast east of Narbonne, in the Septimania region of the Visigothic Kingdom, with the permission of the Visigothic King Alaric II.
The Council ...
, 506.
[ Aire was also the home of ]St. Philibert
ST, St, or St. may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* Stanza, in poetry
* Suicidal Tendencies, an American heavy metal/hardcore punk band
* Star Trek, a science-fiction media franchise
* Summa Theologica, a compendium of Catholic philosophy an ...
; it numbered among its bishops during the second half of the sixteenth century François de Foix, Count of Candale, an illustrious mathematician, who translated Euclid
Euclid (; grc-gre, Wikt:Εὐκλείδης, Εὐκλείδης; BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. Considered the "father of geometry", he is chiefly known for the ''Euclid's Elements, Elements'' trea ...
and founded a chair of mathematics at the University of Bordeaux
The University of Bordeaux (French: ''Université de Bordeaux'') is a public university based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
It has several campuses in the cities and towns of Bordeaux, Dax, Gradignan, Périgueux, Pessac, and Ta ...
,[ though he never visited his diocese.
In 1572, on the death of Bishop Christophe de Candale, the Capitular Vicar of Aire submitted a status report (pouillé) to King Charles IX, providing a picture of the diocese at that time. There were two Archdeacons, that of Marsan and that of Chalosse. In addition to the two archdeacons, the Cathedral Chapter was composed of ten Canons and seven Prebendaries, two semi-Prebendaries, the Master of the Children of the Choir, and the Basse-Contre. The Statutes of the Chapter were confirmed by Bishop Tristan d'Aure in 1459 or 1460.
Religious establishments included:
*the Abbaye du Mas d'Aire (O.S.B.: four religious, a Prior, a Sacristan, a Chamberlain and an Almoner; eleven other positions vacant)
*the Abbaye de St-Jean de la Castelle (Premonstratensians: six religious priests, a child servant, and a soldier, though there were places for 18-20 religious and four novices)
*the Abbaye of Saint-Loubouer (Collegiate church: Abbot, eight Canons, Cantor)
*the Collegiate Church of Pimbo (Abbot, seven Canons and a Cantor)
*the Abbaye of Pontaut (Cistercians: Abbot, seven religious and a soldier)
*the Convent of Augustine Religious at Geune.
*the Priory of Mongaillard (O.S.B.)
*the Commanderie of St-Antoine
*the Abbaye of Saint-Sever (O.S.B.) (Abbot commendatory: Archbishop of Turin, thirteen religious, a vicar, and a soldier)
*the Jacobins, or Frères Prêcheurs de Ste-Ursule (six religious)
*the Priory of Nervis
*the Collegial Church of Saint-Girons (Abbot and eight Canons)
*the Commanderie of the Holy Spirit.
*the Priory of Roquefort (O.S.B.)
*the Commanderie de Bessaut
*the Commanderie de St-Antoine de Gelonies
*the Priory of Mont-de-Marsan (O.S.B.)
*the Priory of Sen a Labrit.
The hamlet believed to be the birthplace of ]St. Vincent de Paul
Vincent de Paul, CM (24 April 1581 – 27 September 1660), commonly known as Saint Vincent de Paul, was a Occitan French Catholic priest who dedicated himself to serving the poor.
In 1622 Vincent was appointed a chaplain to the galleys. Afte ...
is within the limits of the present Diocese of Aire, though in his lifetime it was part of the diocese of Dax and had nothing to do with Aire. In the Gallo-Roman crypt of Mas d'Aire
Mas, Más or MAS may refer to:
Film and TV
* Más y Menos, fictional superhero characters, from the Teen Titans animated television series
* "Más" (''Breaking Bad''), a season three episode of ''Breaking Bad''
Songs
* ''Más'' (album), by Span ...
is preserved in a sarcophagus the body of St. Quitteria, daughter of a governor of Gallicia, and martyred, perhaps under Commodus
Commodus (; 31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was a Roman emperor who ruled from 177 to 192. He served jointly with his father Marcus Aurelius from 176 until the latter's death in 180, and thereafter he reigned alone until his assassination. ...
, for her resolution to remain a virgin.
The city of Saint-Sever
Saint-Sever (, Gascon ''Sent Sever'' ) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
History and geography
Saint-Sever stands on an eminence. It is south of Mont-de-Marsan, on the left bank of the ...
, in the Diocese of Aire. owes its origin to an ancient Benedictine abbey, built in the tenth century by a Duke of Gascony
The Duchy of Gascony or Duchy of Vasconia ( eu, Baskoniako dukerria; oc, ducat de Gasconha; french: duché de Gascogne, duché de Vasconie) was a duchy located in present-day southwestern France and northeastern Spain, an area encompassing the m ...
as an act of thanksgiving for a victory over the Northmen, and whose church was dedicated to St. Severus. The Gothic church of Mimizan
Mimizan (; oc, Mamisan) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France. There are two separate districts of the town: Mimizan-Bourg (town center) and Mimizan-Plage (resort).
Geography
Mimizan is a seaside ...
is the only survival of a Benedictine abbey. The church of Carcarés, dating from the year 810, is one of the oldest in France.
Bishops
To 1000
*506, 533 : Marcellus
*585 : Rusticus
*614 : Palladius
*ca. 620–630 : Philibaud
*ca. 633–675 : Ursus
*ca. 788 : Asinarius
*ca. 977 : Gombaud
1000 to 1300
*ca. 1017 : Arsius-Racca
*1060 : Raymond le Vieux
*1060–1092 : Peter I.
*1092–1099 : Peter II.
*1100–1115 : Wilhelm
*1116–1147 : Bonhomme
*1148–ca. 1176 : Vital de Saint-Hermes
*ca. 1176–1179 : Odon d’Arbéchan
* ? : Bertrand de Marsan
* ? : Guillaume Bernard
*1211 : Vital de Beufmort
*1211 : Jourdain
* ? : Gauthier
*1224–1237 : Auger
*1237–1266 : Pierre III. et Raymond de Saint-Martin
*1266–1295 : Pierre IV. de Betous
*1295–1307 : Martin
1300–1500
*1308–January 1326 : Bernard de Bats
*1326–1327 : Anesanche de Toujouse
*1327–1349 : Garsias de Fau
*1349 – 15 November 1354 : Dauphin de Marquefave
*1354 : Bernard
*1361–end May 1386 : Jean de Montaut
**4 June 1386 – 1390 : Robert Waldeby, O.E.S.A. (nominated by Urban VI
Pope Urban VI ( la, Urbanus VI; it, Urbano VI; c. 1318 – 15 October 1389), born Bartolomeo Prignano (), was head of the Catholic Church from 8 April 1378 to his death in October 1389. He was the most recent pope to be elected from outside the ...
of the Roman Obedience)
**14 November 1390 – 1393 : Maurice Usk, O.P. (appointed by Boniface IX of the Roman Obedience)
**1393–1418 : Arnaud-Guillaume de Lescun (appointed by Boniface IX of the Roman Obedience)
*1386–1397 : Garsias-Arnaud de Navailles (appointed by Avignon Pope Clement VII
Robert of Geneva, (french: Robert de Genève; 1342 – 16 September 1394) elected to the papacy as Clement VII (french: Clément VII) by the cardinals who opposed Pope Urban VI, was the first antipope residing in Avignon, France. His election led ...
)
*1397–1418 : Bernard de Brun, O.P. (appointed by Benedict XIII of the Avignon Obedience)
*1423–1440 : Roger de Castelbon (appointed by Martin V)
*1440–1445 : Pierre de Gachefret
Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French language, French form of the name Peter (given name), Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via ...
*16 January 1445 to 30 July 1460 : Louis d'Albret
Louis d'Albret (1422–1465) was a French Cardinal. He was a son of Charles II of Albret, Count of Dreux.
He was bishop of Aire in 1445, bishop of Cahors in 1460. He was created Cardinal in 1461. In 1465 he was Bishop of Tarbes and Camerlengo of ...
(Administrator, 1445–1449; then Bishop)
*1460–1475 : Tristan d'Aure (Bishop of Couserans
The former French Catholic diocese of Couserans existed perhaps from the fifth century to the French Revolution in the late eighteenth century. It covered the former province of Couserans, in south-west France. Its episcopal seat was in Saint-Lizi ...
, 1444–1460)
*1475–1484 : Pierre de Foix
*1484–1485 : Mathieu de Nargassie
*15 February 1486 – 1512 : Bernard d'Abbadie
1500 to 1800
*1512–1516 : Antoine du Monastey
*1516 – 22 December 1521 : Arnaud-Guillaume d’Aydie
*24 April 1523 – 1530 : Charles de Gramont
*9 March 1530 – 6 February 1538 : Gabriel de Saluces
*1538–1560 : Jacques de Saint-Julien
*1560–4 September 1570 : Christophe de Foix-Candale
*1576–5 February 1594 : François de Foix-Candale (never consecrated)
* ''Vacant''
*4 December 1606 – 1621 : Philippe Cospéan
*1621 – 17 January 1625 : Sébastien Bouthilier
*1625–1649 : Gilles Boutault
*1650–1657 : Charles-François de Bourlemont
*1657 – 12 October 1672 - Bernard de Sariac
*12 January 1673 – 18 December 1684 : Jean-Louis de Fromentières
*1693 – 29 March 1698 : Armand Bazin de Bezons
*1698–1706 : Louis-Gaston Fleuriau d’Armenonville
*1706 – 30 June 1710 : François-Gaspard de la Mer de Matha
*1710–1723 : Joseph-Gaspard de Montmorin de Saint-Hérem
*1723–1734 : Gilbert de Montmorin de Saint-Hérem
*1735–1757 : François de Sarret de Gaujac
*1758–1783 : Playcard (or Playcourt) de Raigecourt
*1783–1801 : Sébastien-Charles-Philibert de Cahuzac de Caux
From 1800 — Bishops of Aire and Dax
*1823–1827 : Jean-François-Marie Le Pappe de Trévern (also Archbishop of Strasbourg
{{Unreferenced, date=December 2009
These persons were bishop, archbishop or prince-bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg (including historically Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg):
Bishops and prince-bishops
*Amandus
*Justinus vo ...
)
*1827–1839 : Dominique-Marie Savy
*1839 – 30 June 1856 : François-Adélaïde-Adolphe Lanneluc
*15 December 1856 – 6 June 1859 : Prosper-Michel-Armand Hiraboure[His accident, death, and obituary: ]
*26 September 1859 – 23 July 1876 : Louis-Marie-Olivier Épivent
*18 December 1876 – 7 August 1905 : Victor-Jean-Baptiste-Paulin Delannoy
*21 February 1906 – 1911 : François Touzet
*1911–1930 : Maurice Charles Alfred de Cormont Maurice may refer to:
People
*Saint Maurice (died 287), Roman legionary and Christian martyr
*Maurice (emperor) or Flavius Mauricius Tiberius Augustus (539–602), Byzantine emperor
* Maurice (bishop of London) (died 1107), Lord Chancellor and L ...
*1930–1963 : Clément Mathieu
*1963–1978 : Fernand Pierre Robert Bézac des Martinies
*1978–2002 : Robert Pierre Sarrabère
*2002–2012 : Philippe Breton
*2012–2017 : Hervé Gaschignard ( fr)
*2017–present: Nicolas Jean-Marie Souchu
See also
*Catholic Church in France
, native_name_lang = fr
, image = 060806-France-Paris-Notre Dame.jpg
, imagewidth = 200px
, alt =
, caption = Cathedral Notre-Dame de Paris
, abbreviation =
, type ...
*List of Catholic dioceses in France
The Catholic Church in France mainly comprises a Metropolitan Latin Church hierarchy, joint in a national episcopal conference, consisting of
* fifteen ecclesiastical provinces, each under a Metropolitan Archdioceses (15)
** with a total of 80 su ...
References
Sources
Reference Works
* p. 72. (in Latin)
* p. 80.
*
*
*
*
Studies
*
*
*
*
* ''Instrumenta'', pp. 181–185.
External links
* Centre national des Archives de l'Église de France
''L’Épiscopat francais depuis 1919''
retrieved: 2016-12-24.
*Cheney, David M., ''Catholic-Hierarchy:''
Retrieved: 2016-08-05
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aire and Dax, Roman Catholic Diocese of
Aire
Aire may refer to:
Music
* ''Aire'' (Yuri album), 1987
* ''Aire'' (Pablo Ruiz album), 1997
*''Aire (Versión Día)'', an album by Jesse & Joy
Places
*Aire-sur-la-Lys, a town in the Pas-de-Calais département in France
*Aire-la-Ville, a municip ...
Aire
Aire may refer to:
Music
* ''Aire'' (Yuri album), 1987
* ''Aire'' (Pablo Ruiz album), 1997
*''Aire (Versión Día)'', an album by Jesse & Joy
Places
*Aire-sur-la-Lys, a town in the Pas-de-Calais département in France
*Aire-la-Ville, a municip ...
Aire
Aire may refer to:
Music
* ''Aire'' (Yuri album), 1987
* ''Aire'' (Pablo Ruiz album), 1997
*''Aire (Versión Día)'', an album by Jesse & Joy
Places
*Aire-sur-la-Lys, a town in the Pas-de-Calais département in France
*Aire-la-Ville, a municip ...
1822 establishments in France