The Diocese of Trier, in English historically also known as ''Treves'' (
IPA
IPA commonly refers to:
* India pale ale, a style of beer
* International Phonetic Alphabet, a system of phonetic notation
* Isopropyl alcohol, a chemical compound
IPA may also refer to:
Organizations International
* Insolvency Practitioners ...
"tɾivz") from French ''Trèves'', is a
Latin Church
, native_name_lang = la
, image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg
, imagewidth = 250px
, alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran
, caption = Archbasilica of Saint Joh ...
ecclesiastical territory or
diocese
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
History
In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associa ...
of the
Catholic church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
in
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
Catholic-Hierarchy.org
''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...
''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016"Diocese of Trier" ''GCatholic.org''. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016 When it was the archbishopric and Electorate of Trier, it was one of the most important states of the
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.
From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...
, both as an ecclesiastical principality and as a diocese of the church. Unlike the other Rhenish dioceses—including
Mainz
Mainz () is the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Mainz is on the left bank of the Rhine, opposite to the place that the Main joins the Rhine. Downstream of the confluence, the Rhine flows to the north-west, with Ma ...
and
Cologne
Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 millio ...
–Trier was the former Roman provincial capital of
Augusta Treverorum
Trier in Rhineland-Palatinate, whose history dates to the Roman Empire, is often claimed to be the oldest city in Germany. Traditionally it was known in English by its French name of Treves.
Prehistory
The first traces of human settlement in ...
. Given its status, Trier has continuously been an episcopal see since Roman times and is one of the oldest dioceses in all of Germany. The diocese was elevated to an archdiocese in the time of Charlemagne and was the metropolitan for the dioceses of
Metz
Metz ( , , lat, Divodurum Mediomatricorum, then ) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers. Metz is the prefecture of the Moselle department and the seat of the parliament of the Grand ...
,
Toul
Toul () is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
It is a sub-prefecture of the department.
Geography
Toul is between Commercy and Nancy, and the river Moselle and Canal de la Marne au Rhin.
Climate
Toul ...
, and
Verdun
Verdun (, , , ; official name before 1970 ''Verdun-sur-Meuse'') is a large city in the Meuse department in Grand Est, northeastern France. It is an arrondissement of the department.
Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although the capital ...
. After the victory of
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
of France, the archdiocese was lowered to a diocese and is now a suffragan in the
ecclesiastical province
An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction in Christian Churches with traditional hierarchical structure, including Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity. In general, an ecclesiastical province consists of seve ...
of the
Archdiocese of Cologne
The Archdiocese of Cologne ( la, Archidioecesis Coloniensis; german: Erzbistum Köln) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in western North Rhine-Westphalia and northern Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany.
History
The Electorate of Cologn ...
. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral of Saint Peter. The Cathedral Chapter retains the right to elect the bishop, rather than selection by papal appointment.
History
The bishops of Trier were already virtually independent territorial magnates in
Merovingian
The Merovingian dynasty () was the ruling family of the Franks from the middle of the 5th century until 751. They first appear as "Kings of the Franks" in the Roman army of northern Gaul. By 509 they had united all the Franks and northern Gauli ...
times. In 772 Charlemagne granted Bishop Wiomad complete immunity from the jurisdiction of the ruling
count
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...
for all the churches and monasteries, as well as villages and castles that belonged to the Church of St. Peter at Trier. In his will he also elevated the diocese to the Archdiocese of Trier, with suffragans on both sides of the Rhine. This arrangement lasted over a thousand years.
In Early Modern times, the archdiocese of Trier still encompassed territory along the
Moselle River
The Moselle ( , ; german: Mosel ; lb, Musel ) is a river that rises in the Vosges mountains and flows through north-eastern France and Luxembourg to western Germany. It is a left bank tributary of the Rhine, which it joins at Koblen ...
between Trier, near the French border, and Koblenz on the
. The Archbishop of Trier, as holder of an imperial office was traditionally an Imperial
Elector
Elector may refer to:
* Prince-elector or elector, a member of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Holy Roman Emperors
* Elector, a member of an electoral college
** Confederate elector, a member of ...
of the German king. The purely honorary office of Archchancellor of Gaul arose in the 13th century. In this context that was taken to mean the
Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles
The Kingdom of Burgundy, known from the 12th century as the Kingdom of Arles, also referred to in various context as Arelat, the Kingdom of Arles and Vienne, or Kingdom of Burgundy-Provence, was a realm established in 933 by the merger of the king ...
, technically from 1242 and permanently from 1263, and nominally until 1803. Arles along with
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
and
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
was one of the three component kingdoms of the Empire.
The last elector removed to Koblenz in 1786. From 1795, the territories of the Archbishopric on the left bank of the Rhine — which is to say almost all of them — were under French occupation, and were annexed in 1801 and a separate bishopric established (later assuming control of the whole diocese in 1803). In 1803, what was left of the Archbishopric was secularized and annexed by the Princes of
Nassau
Nassau may refer to:
Places Bahamas
*Nassau, Bahamas, capital city of the Bahamas, on the island of New Providence
Canada
*Nassau District, renamed Home District, regional division in Upper Canada from 1788 to 1792
*Nassau Street (Winnipeg), ...
Eucharius
Saint Eucharius is venerated as the first bishop of Trier. He lived in the second half of the 3rd century.
Narrative
According to an ancient legend, he was one of the seventy-two disciples of Christ, and was sent to Gaul by Saint Peter as ...
c. 250
*
Valerius
The gens Valeria was a patrician family at ancient Rome, prominent from the very beginning of the Republic to the latest period of the Empire. Publius Valerius Poplicola was one of the consuls in 509 BC, the year that saw the overthrow of th ...
Bonosus of Trier
Bonosus of Trier ( fl. c. 353–373) was bishop of Trier.
After the exile in 353 of Bishop Paulinus of Trier to Phrygia an episcopal election was heldVeteranius of Trier 365–384
*
Britto of Trier
Britto of Trier ( fl. 374–386) was bishop of Trier.
Biography
Britto is first known from a meeting of the bishops of Gaul in 374, held at Valence on the Rhône. Britto claimed there that apostate Christians from the persecution under Emper ...
*
Felix
Felix may refer to:
* Felix (name), people and fictional characters with the name
Places
* Arabia Felix is the ancient Latin name of Yemen
* Felix, Spain, a municipality of the province AlmerÃa, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, ...
384–398
*
Mauritius II of Trier
Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label= Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It in ...
Volusianus of Trier Volusianus was bishop of Trier at the end of the 5th century.
Very little is known of his life but he is one of a number of bishops around this time.
Maximianus of Trier Maximianus of Trier was bishop of Trier around the turn of the 5th and 6th centuries.
Bishop Maximianus, the predecessor of Fibicius who had taken over as bishop by 502, is apparently the bishop mentioned in a letter from Archbishop Avitus of Vi ...
479–499
*
Fibicius Fibicius (otherwise Fibitius or Felicius) was Bishop of Trier from around 502 to 525 or so.
Life
Fibicius' tenure as bishop in the first quarter of the 6th century fell in the politically troubled times during the expansion of Frankish power into ...
Nicetius
Saint Nicetius (french: Saint Nizier) (c. 525 - c. 566) was a bishop of Trier, born in the latter part of the fifth century, exact date unknown; died in 563 or more probably 566.
Nicetius was the most important bishop of the ancient see of Trie ...
527–566
*Rusticus II 566–573
*
Magnerich Magneric of Tier (also called Magnerich, or Magnericus) (born c. 522, died c. 596) was a Frankish bishop of Trier. He is a Catholic and Orthodox saint, with a feast day on July 25. Magneric was one of the first bishops with a Germanic name. He wa ...
Leudwinus
Saint Leudwinus, Count of Treves (; also ''Leodewin, Liutwin, Ludwin'', etc.; 660 – 29 September 722 AD in Reims) founded an abbey in Mettlach. He was Archbishop of Treves and Laon. As patron saint of the Mettlach parish, his relics are c ...
697–718
*
Milo
Milo may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* ''Milo'' (magazine), a strength sports magazine
*'' Milo: Sticky Notes and Brain Freeze'', a 2011 children's novel by Alan Silberberg
* ''Milo'' (video game), a first-person adventure-puzzle computer ga ...
718–758
*
Wermad
Wermad, Wiomad, Weomad, or Wiemad ( la, Weomadus or ) (died 791) was the Bishop of Trier from 757/8 until his death. He accompanied Charlemagne
Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 Apr ...
758–791
*
Richbod
Richbod would first be documented as a monk in the Lorsch monastery where he worked as a document clerk. After, he would be noticed and picked up as a student of Alcuin at the court of Charlemagne. Whilst under king he would rise to role of advis ...
791–804, first archbishop
*Waso 804–809
* Amalhar 809–814
*
Hetto
Hetto (died 847) was the Archbishop of Trier from 814 until his death. In this capacity he was both a political and ecclesiastical leader.
Life
Louis the Pious confirmed to Hetto the privilege of immunity from the saecular courts. This had been ...
Henry I Henry I may refer to:
876–1366
* Henry I the Fowler, King of Germany (876–936)
* Henry I, Duke of Bavaria (died 955)
* Henry I of Austria, Margrave of Austria (died 1018)
* Henry I of France (1008–1060)
* Henry I the Long, Margrave of the ...
956–964
*Dietrich I 965–977
*
Egbert
Egbert is a name that derives from old Germanic words meaning "bright edge", such as that of a blade. Anglo-Saxon variant spellings include Ecgberht () and Ecgbert. German variant spellings include Ekbert and Ecbert.
People with the first name Mid ...
977–993
*
Ludolf Ludolf is a Germanic surname or given name. It is derived from two stems: Hlud meaning "fame" and olf meaning "wolf". An alternate spelling of the name is Ludolph. People with the name include:
* George Philipp Ludolf von Beckedorff (1778-1858), p ...
994–1008
1000–1200
*contested 1008–1015: Adalbero (elected) versus Meingaud (royal choice)
* Poppo von Babenberg 1016–1047
*
Udo of Nellenburg
Udo of Nellenburg (c. 1030 – 11 November 1078) was the Archbishop of Trier from 1066 until his death. He was an important mediator during the height of the Investiture Controversy.
Biography
Udo was born in Tübingen, Swabia, as the eldest ...
1066–1078
*
Egilbert
Egilbert (or Engelbert) (died 1101), called of Rothenburg, was the Archbishop of Trier from 1079 until his death. He was a partisan of the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV during the Investiture Controversy, and was rewarded in 1100 with the dignity o ...
of Rothenburg, 1079–1101
*
Bruno
Bruno may refer to:
People and fictional characters
*Bruno (name), including lists of people and fictional characters with either the given name or surname
* Bruno, Duke of Saxony (died 880)
* Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne, ...
Albero de Montreuil
Albero de Montreuil (german: Albero, Adalbero von Munsterol) (c. 1080 – 18 January 1152) was Archbishop of Trier from 1132 to 1152 and is the subject of the '' Gesta Alberonis''.
Albero was born near Toul in Lorraine, a scion of the petty nob ...
Arnold I of Vaucourt
Arnold I of Vaucourt (french: Arnaud, Arnaut de Vaucort, german: Arnold von Valcourt, Valancourt, Walecourt) (''circa'' 1120 – May 25, 1183 in Trier), was the Archbishop of Trier from 1169 to 1183. He took a pro-Imperial position in the Investi ...
1169–1183
*
Folmar of Karden
Folmar of Karden (''ca''. 1135 – 1189), also occurring in the variant forms ''Fulmar'', ''Vollmar'', ''Volcmar'', ''Formal'', or ''Formator'', was the Archbishop of Trier from 1183 and the last not also to be a prince elector. He opposed t ...
1183–1189
* Rudolf of Wied 1183–1189 (in opposition)
Theodoric II
Theodoric II, ''Teodorico'' in Spanish and Portuguese, ( 426 – early 466) was the eighth King of the Visigoths, from 453 to 466.
Biography
Theoderic II, son of Theodoric I, obtained the throne by killing his elder brother Thorismund. The Engli ...
Diether von Nassau Diether is a German given name, composed of the elements ''diet'' "people" and ''her'' "army".
It is distinct from, but in Modern German has become homophonic with, the name Dieter, which is a short form of Dietrich, composed of the same prefix b ...
1300–07
*
Heinrich II von Virneburg
Count Heinrich II of Virneburg (german: Graf Heinrich II. von Virneburg) (1244 or 1246 – 5 January 1332) was Archbishop of Cologne from 1304 to his death in 1332.
Life
Heinrich was the sixth son of Count Heinrich of Virneburg (??1238-1290) and ...
Kuno II von Falkenstein
Kuno II of Falkenstein (actually Konrad von Falkenstein, born in 1320 at Burg Falkenstein in Donnersberg, died on 21 May 1388 at Burg Maus) was a German theologian and from 1362 to 1388 the Roman Catholic Archbishop Elector of Trier.Claudia Bolgi ...
1362–88
*
Werner von Falkenstein Werner von Falkenstein ( 1355 – October 4, 1418), was a German Archbishop and Elector of Trier. He served as Archbishop from 1388 to 1418 as Werner III; he was the great-nephew of his predecessor Kuno II von Falkenstein (1362-1388) and a member ...
Johann von Metzenhausen
Johann von Metzenhausen (1492–1540) was the Archbishop-Elector of Trier from 1531 to 1540.
Biography
Johann von Metzenhausen was born in Neef in 1492, the son of Heinrich von Metzenhausen and his wife Margarete Boos von Waldeck. He became ...
†(27 Mar 1531 Elected – 22 Jul 1540 Died)
*
Johann Ludwig von Hagen
Johann Ludwig von Hagen (1492–1547) was the Archbishop-Elector of Trier from 1540 to 1547.
Biography
Johann Ludwig von Hagen was born in Pfalzel near Trier in 1492, the son of Friedrich von Hagen, ''Amtmann'' of the Archbishopric of Trier. ...
†(9 Aug 1540 Elected – 23 Mar 1547 Died)
* Johann von Isenburg †(20 Apr 1547 Elected – 18 Feb 1556 Died)
*
Johann von der Leyen
Johann von der Leyen (1510–1567) was the Archbishop-Elector of Trier from 1556 to 1567.
Biography
Johann von der Leyen was born in Saffig in 1510, the son of Bartholomäus von der Leyen, chancellor of the Archbishopric of Cologne, and his wi ...
*Charles Mannay †(5 Jul 1802 Elected – 9 Oct 1816 Resigned)
*Josef von Hommer †(3 May 1824 Elected – 11 Nov 1836 Died)
*Wilhelm Arnoldi †(21 Jun 1842 Elected – 7 Jan 1864 Died)
*Leopold Pelldram †(29 Dec 1864 Elected – 3 May 1867 Died)
*
Matthias Eberhard
Matthias Eberhard (born 15 November 1815, at Trier, Germany, died there 30 May 1876) was a German Roman Catholic Bishop of Trier.
After successfully completing the gymnasium course of his native town, he devoted himself to the study of theolo ...
†(16 Jul 1867 Elected – 30 May 1876 Died)
*Michael Felix Korum †(12 Aug 1881 Elected – 4 Dec 1921 Died)
* Franz Rudolf Bornewasser †(27 Feb 1922 Elected – 20 Dec 1951 Died)
*Matthias Wehr †(20 Dec 1951 Succeeded – 19 Nov 1966 Retired)
*Bernhard Stein †(13 Apr 1967 Elected – 5 Sep 1980 Retired)
*Hermann Josef Spital †(24 Feb 1981 Elected – 15 Jan 2001 Retired)
*
Reinhard Marx
Reinhard Marx (born 21 September 1953) is a German cardinal of the Catholic Church. He serves as the Archbishop of Munich and Freising. Pope Benedict XVI elevated Marx to the cardinalate in a consistory in 2010.
Biography
Born in Geseke, N ...
(20 Dec 2001 Elected – 30 Nov 2007 Translated to become
Archbishop of Munich and Freising
The following people were bishops, prince-bishops or archbishops of Freising or Munich and Freising in Bavaria:
Bishops of Freising
* St. Corbinian (724–730); founded the Benedictine abbey in Freising, although the diocese was not orga ...
O. Carm.
, image =
, caption = Coat of arms of the Carmelites
, abbreviation = OCarm
, formation = Late 12th century
, founder = Early hermits of Mount Carmel
, founding_location = Mount Ca ...
(1344–)
*Joannes Franqueloy de Vico, O.P. (1400–1452)
*Gerhard, O.F.M. (1429–1456)
*Hubert Yffz (de Rommersdorf),
Catholic-Hierarchy.org
''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...
O.S.B.
, image = Medalla San Benito.PNG
, caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal
, abbreviation = OSB
, formation =
, motto = (English: 'Pray and Work')
, found ...
Catholic-Hierarchy.org
''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...
Catholic-Hierarchy.org
''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...
Catholic-Hierarchy.org
''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...
''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 29, 2016
*Gregor Virneburg (1557–1578)
*
Peter Binsfeld
Peter Binsfeld (alternate spelling Peter of Binsfeld, lat. Petrus Binsfeldius; c. 1540 – 1598 or 1603)
Catholic-Hierarchy.org
''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...
Catholic-Hierarchy.org
''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...
Maximilian Burmann
Maximilian, Maximillian or Maximiliaan (Maximilien in French) is a male given name.
The name " Max" is considered a shortening of "Maximilian" as well as of several other names.
List of people
Monarchs
*Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459†...
(1682–1685)
*Johannes Petrus Verhorst (1687–1708)
*Johann Matthias von Eyss (1710–1729)
*Lothar Friedrich von Nalbach (1730–1748)
*Johann Nikolaus (Febronius) von Hontheim (1748–1790)
*Jean-Marie Cuchot d’Herbain (1778–1794)
*Johann Michael Josef von Pidoll de Quitenbach (1794–1802)
*Johann Heinrich Milz (1825–1833)
*Wilhelm Arnold Günther,
(1834–1843)
*Johann Georg Müller (1844–1847)
*Godehard Braun (1849–1861)
*
Matthias Eberhard
Matthias Eberhard (born 15 November 1815, at Trier, Germany, died there 30 May 1876) was a German Roman Catholic Bishop of Trier.
After successfully completing the gymnasium course of his native town, he devoted himself to the study of theolo ...
(1862–1867 Appointed, Bishop of Trier)
*Johann Jakob Kraft (1868–1884)
*Heinrich Feiten (1887–1892)
*Karl Ernst Schrod (1894–1914)
*Anton Mönch (1915–1935)
*Albert Maria Fuchs (1935–1944)
*Heinrich Metzroth (1941–1951)
*Bernhard Stein (1944–1967 Appointed, Bishop of Trier)
*Carl Schmidt (1962–1981)
*Karl Heinz Jacoby (1968–1993)
*Alfred Kleinermeilert (1968–2003)
* Leo Schwarz (1982–2006)
*Gehard Jakob (1993–1998)
* Felix Genn (1999–2003, Translated to become Bishop of Essen and later Bishop of Münster)
*Robert Brahm (2003– )
*Jörg Michael Peters (2003– )
*Stephan Ackermann (2006–2009 Appointed, Bishop of Trier)
*Helmut Dieser (2011–2016, Translated to become Bishop of Aachen)
See also
*
History of Trier
Trier in Rhineland-Palatinate, whose history dates to the Roman Empire, is often claimed to be the oldest city in Germany. Traditionally it was known in English by its French name of Treves.
Prehistory
The first traces of human settlement in ...
Catholic Encyclopaedia
The ''Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church'' (also referred to as the ''Old Catholic Encyclopedia'' and the ''Original Catholic Encyclopedia'') i ...