Roberto Ghiglianovich (17 July 1863 – 2 September 1930) was an Italian politician.

Biography

He was grown up in a

liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * a supporter of liberalism ** Liberalism by country * an adherent of a Liberal Party * Liberalism (international relations) * Sexually liberal feminism * Social liberalism Arts, entertainment and m ...

family in Zara,

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

(today

Zadar Zadar ( , ; historically known as Zara (from Venetian and Italian: ); see also other names), is the oldest continuously inhabited Croatian city. It is situated on the Adriatic Sea, at the northwestern part of Ravni Kotari region. Zadar serv ...

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

). As a child, two of his greatest friends were the Croat Petar Klaić and the Serb Dušan Baljak. Their friendship was so strong that it made him want to learn the

Serbo-Croatian Serbo-Croatian () – also called Serbo-Croat (), Serbo-Croat-Bosnian (SCB), Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian (BCS), and Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian (BCMS) – is a South Slavic language and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and ...

language. He studied law in

Graz Graz (; sl, Gradec) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest city in Austria after Vienna. As of 1 January 2021, it had a population of 331,562 (294,236 of whom had principal-residence status). In 2018, the popul ...

and

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

. During his time in Austria, and with the influence of other Dalmatian Italians from the '' province irredente'', he started to develop nationalistic feelings. Upon his return to Zadar, as a lawyer, he began to endeavor in politics ever more. Although he was open to make some concessions to the

Slavs Slavs are the largest European ethnolinguistic group. They speak the various Slavic languages, belonging to the larger Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages. Slavs are geographically distributed throughout northern Eurasia, main ...

, Ghiglianovich endeavored to get at least Zara annexed to

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

. He endeavored against the "process of discrimination actuated by the municipalities in Croatian hands," thus attempting to preserve the

Italian language Italian (''italiano'' or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. Together with Sardinian, Italian is the least divergent language from Latin. Spoken by about 85 m ...

in schools and in the public administration. Upon Italy's entry in

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, he escaped from Austria to

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

, where he was chosen, at the end of the war, member of the Italian delegation to the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), as an aggregate in the marine section, as a legal expert for Dalmatia. Ghiglianovich, who became judge at the

Supreme Court of Cassation A court of cassation is a high-instance court that exists in some judicial systems. Courts of cassation do not re-examine the facts of a case, they only interpret the relevant law. In this they are appellate courts of the highest instance. In th ...

, was then nominated

Senator of the Kingdom of Italy The Senate of the Kingdom of Italy () was the upper house of the bicameral parliament of the Kingdom of Italy, officially created on 4 March 1848, acting as an evolution of the original Subalpine Senate. It was replaced on 1 January 1948 by the ...

on November 15, 1920. In the 1920s, he got sick and retired in his hometown Zara (present-day

). He died in

Gorizia Gorizia (; sl, Gorica , colloquially 'old Gorizia' to distinguish it from Nova Gorica; fur, label= Standard Friulian, Gurize, fur, label= Southeastern Friulian, Guriza; vec, label= Bisiacco, Gorisia; german: Görz ; obsolete English ''Gorit ...

on September 2, 1930.

References

External links

Italian Senate Page

Sources

* O. Randi, ''Il senatore R. Ghiglianovich. Profilo aneddotico'', in ''Rivista dalmatica'', XII (1930), 1, pp. 3–27 * R. Montini, ''Lettere inedite di F. Venezian e di R. G. sulla difesa dell'italianità giuliana e dalmata'', in ''Rass. stor. del Risorgimento'', XXXVIII (1951), 3–4, pp. 509–522 * R. Monteleone, ''La politica dei fuoriusciti irredenti nella Guerra Mondiale'', Udine 1972

Bibliography

* L.Monzali, ''Italiani di Dalmazia. Dal Risorgimento alla Grande Guerra'', Le Lettere, Firenze 2004 * L.Monzali, ''Italiani di Dalmazia. 1914-1924'', Le Lettere, Firenze 2007 * D.Salghetti Drioli, ''Roberto Ghiglianovich'', in F.Semi-V.Tacconi (cur.), ''Istria e Dalmazia. Uomini e tempi. Dalmazia'', Del Bianco, Udine 1992 {{DEFAULTSORT:Ghiglianovich, Roberto 1864 births 1930 deaths Dalmatian Italians Politicians from Zadar Members of the Senate of the Republic (Italy) Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy