Nicolas Camille Robert Stümper (21 January 1895 – 15 April 1977), commonly known as Robert Stumper, was a Luxembourgish, chemist and

myrmecologist Myrmecology (; from Greek: wikt:μύρμηξ, μύρμηξ, ''myrmex'', "ant" and λόγος, ''logos'', "study") is a branch of entomology focusing on the science, scientific study of ants. Some early myrmecologists considered ant society as th ...

. In his youth he played football for

SC Luxembourg Sporting Club Luxembourg are a now defunct Luxembourgian football team which was merged with Racing Club Luxembourg to become CA Spora Luxembourg CA Spora Luxembourg was a football club, based in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg. It is no ...

and made one appearance for the national team in 1913. His work on the parasitic ''

Tetramorium inquilinum ''Tetramorium inquilinum'' is an ectoparasitic ant found in Europe. It was discovered by Swiss myrmecologist Heinrich Kutter. The species is unusual for lacking a worker caste, the queens and males living entirely off the care of the pavement ...

'' ant is particularly important as his studies of three colonies provide the basis of much of the current knowledge of the species. His works in chemistry included papers relating to iron. Stumper was detained by the Nazis during the Second World War and in its aftermath was appointed to Luxembourg's Consultative Assembly.

Football

Stumper was born in Grevenmacher in eastern Luxembourg on 21 January 1895. He played football for SC Luxembourg. On 20 April 1913 he was called up to play his only game for the Luxembourg national football team as a goalkeeper. At the age of 18 years, 2 months and 30 days Stumper became the youngest player to appear for the national team, a record he held until 14 January 1922. The game, a friendly against France played at the

Stade de Paris The Stade Bauer (also called the Stade de Paris) is a 10,000-capacity football stadium in Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine in the northern suburbs of Paris. The stadium is mainly used by Red Star F.C. who currently play in Championnat National but have tas ...

, saw Luxembourg defeated 8-0.

Science and politics

Stumper was a myrmecologist. In one study he calculated that a single nest of '' Formica rufa'' ants can destroy 50,000 insects a day. He also demonstrated that

honeypot ants Honeypot ants, also called honey ants, are ants which have specialised workers (repletes, plerergates, or rotunds) that are gorged with food to the point that their abdomens swell enormously. Other ants then extract nourishment from them, through ...

seldom draw upon their stored reserves in cool, moist conditions. Stumper was responsible for discovering three of the first 24 known colonies of ''

'' ectoparasitic ants. He found them in the Upper Rhone valley whilst digging out several hundred nests of the '' Tetramorium caespitum'' pavement ant. One colony was found in a large rock that split after rolling down a slope to reveal the host ants and parasites. Much of the current knowledge of the ''Tetramorium inquilinum'' species came from the three colonies studied by Stumper. Queens of the ''Inquilinum'' species attach to the queen of the host species and are provided with nourishment by host workers. Stumper found as many as eight ''Inquilinum'' queens on one host queen. During the Second World War Stumper was interned by the Nazis at Hinzert concentration camp in Germany. After liberation he was appointed to the Consultative Assembly by Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg on 15 March 1945. The assembly was formed to carry out a transitional government role as the national legislature, the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...

could not fulfil its constitutional duties as it was unable to reach a quorum after the wartime deaths and deportations of its members. In the post-war years Stumper was an associate of zoologist Bert Hölldobler. In addition to his studies on ants he published more than a hundred scientific papers on chemistry between 1923 and 1958, particularly in relation to iron. Stumper died on 15 April 1977 in Luxembourg City.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stumper, Robert 1895 births 1977 deaths People from Grevenmacher Luxembourgian scientists Luxembourgian men's footballers Luxembourg men's international footballers Myrmecologists