Robert of Paris was the
cardinal-presbyter of Sant'Eusebio from 1100 until his deposition in 1112. He was restored in 1119, but died shortly after. He served as an
apostolic legate
300px, A woodcut showing Henry II of England greeting the pope's legate.
A papal legate or apostolic legate (from the ancient Roman title ''legatus'') is a personal representative of the pope to foreign nations, or to some part of the Catholic ...
to the Holy Land in 1102 in the aftermath of the
First Crusade
The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic r ...
, during a critical period in the formation of the
Kingdom of Jerusalem
The Kingdom of Jerusalem ( la, Regnum Hierosolymitanum; fro, Roiaume de Jherusalem), officially known as the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem or the Frankish Kingdom of Palestine,Example (title of works): was a Crusader state that was establish ...
.
Robert is sometimes said to have been created a cardinal by Pope
Urban II
Pope Urban II ( la, Urbanus II; – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death. He is best known for convening th ...
in 1088, but in fact he is only attested as a cardinal for the first time on 25 August 1100 in
Salerno. Shortly after, he attended the synod of
Melfi
Melfi ( Lucano: ) is a town and ''comune'' in the Vulture area of the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. Geographically, it is midway between Naples and Bari. In 2015 it had a population of 17,768.
Geography
On ...
in October 1100, the first synod held under
Paschal II
Pope Paschal II ( la, Paschalis II; 1050 1055 – 21 January 1118), born Ranierius, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 August 1099 to his death in 1118. A monk of the Abbey of Cluny, he was cre ...
.
In 1102, Robert was sent to the Holy Land as an
apostolic legate
300px, A woodcut showing Henry II of England greeting the pope's legate.
A papal legate or apostolic legate (from the ancient Roman title ''legatus'') is a personal representative of the pope to foreign nations, or to some part of the Catholic ...
to replace the late Cardinal
Maurice of Porto. On 8 October 1102, he formally deposed the
patriarch of Jerusalem,
Dagobert
Dagobert or Taginbert is a Germanic male given name, possibly from Old Frankish ''Dag'' "day" and ''beraht'' "bright".
Alternatively, it has been identified as Gaulish ''dago'' "good" ''berxto'' "bright".
Animals
* Roi Dagobert (born 1964), ...
, on charges of murder, treason and embezzlement. He then presided over the election of his successor,
Ebremar.
Robert attended the synod held in the Lateran during Lent 1105. His presence may indicate that it was this council that restored Dagobert to the patriarchate, since in a letter to the church, king and people of Jerusalem written in 1107, after Dagobert's death, Paschal II refers to the patriarch's restoration by a council following many tribulations at the hands of the addressees.
In 1111, Robert was one of the strongest opponents of the so-called ''
Pravilege'' ("bad law"), in which Paschal II, a virtual prisoner of the Emperor
Henry V Henry V may refer to:
People
* Henry V, Duke of Bavaria (died 1026)
* Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (1081/86–1125)
* Henry V, Duke of Carinthia (died 1161)
* Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine (c. 1173–1227)
* Henry V, Count of Luxembourg (1 ...
, had conceded the
right of investiture to the emperor. He was one of the authors, along with
Leo of Ostia
Leo Marsicanus (meaning "of the Marsi") or Ostiensis (meaning "of Ostia"), also known as Leone dei Conti di Marsi (1046, Marsica – 1115/7, Ostia), was a nobleman and monk of Monte Cassino around 1061 and Italian cardinal from the 12th cen ...
,
Gregory of Terracina,
Girard of Angoulême,
Gualo of Saint-Pol-de-Léon and
Gregory of Santi Apostoli, of the ''Gesta dampnationis pravilegii'', a violently-worded tract condemning the ''Pravilege''. On account of his strong opposition to any compromise with the emperor, Paschal deposed him (along with Gregory of Santi Apostoli) in 1112 on the charge of heresy. He was only restored in 1119 after writing a letter to the new pope,
Calixtus II
Pope Callixtus II or Callistus II ( – 13 December 1124), born Guy of Burgundy, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 February 1119 to his death in 1124. His pontificate was shaped by the Investiture Controversy, ...
, congratulating him on his election and asking to have the stain of heresy removed.
Notes
References
Bibliography
*
*
*
*
*
*
{{authority control
12th-century French cardinals
Christians of the Crusades