Robert A. Brady
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Robert Alexander Brady (May 13, 1901 – June 14, 1963) was an American
economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...
who analyzed the dynamics of technological change and the structure of
business enterprise Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (such as goods and services). It is also "any activity or enterprise entered into for profit." Having a business name does not separat ...
. Brady developed a potent analysis of
fascism Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultra-nationalist political ideology and movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy an ...
and other emerging
authoritarian Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political ''status quo'', and reductions in the rule of law, separation of powers, and democratic votin ...
economic and
cultural Culture () is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and Social norm, norms found in human Society, societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, Social norm, customs, capabilities, and habits of the ...
practices. His essential work is “about power and the organization of power around the logic of
technology Technology is the application of knowledge to reach practical goals in a specifiable and reproducible way. The word ''technology'' may also mean the product of such an endeavor. The use of technology is widely prevalent in medicine, science, ...
as operated under
capitalism Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for Profit (economics), profit. Central characteristics of capitalism include capital accumulation, competitive markets, pric ...
”, yielding insights and understanding of modern society’s careening path between enhancing or destroying “life and culture”. In ''The Spirit and Structure of German Fascism'' (1937) and ''Business as a System of Power'' (1943), important works in historical and comparative economics, Brady traced the rise of bureaucratic centralism in Germany, France, Italy, Japan and the United States; and the emergence of an authoritarian model of
economic growth Economic growth can be defined as the increase or improvement in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy in a financial year. Statisticians conventionally measure such growth as the percent rate of ...
and development.


Education and academia

Brady worked his way into and through college, doing undergraduate studies in history, philosophy, and mathematics at Reed College, where he graduated in 1923. He became an Instructor in European History upon his graduation. He began his graduate work at
Cornell Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to teach an ...
and went on to
Columbia Columbia may refer to: * Columbia (personification), the historical female national personification of the United States, and a poetic name for America Places North America Natural features * Columbia Plateau, a geologic and geographic region in ...
, where he completed his Ph.D. in 1929. He had been exposed to Veblen's thought all along the way, most systematically at Columbia, where he worked closely with
John Maurice Clark John Maurice Clark (1884–1963) was an American economist whose work combined the rigor of traditional economic analysis with an "institutionalist" attitude. Clark was a pioneer in developing the notion of workable competition and the theore ...
. Brady took Veblen’s work as the point of departure for his own professional work. During his years of graduate study, he taught at Cornell,
Hunter College Hunter College is a public university in New York City. It is one of the constituent colleges of the City University of New York and offers studies in more than one hundred undergraduate and postgraduate fields across five schools. It also admi ...
,
Cooper Union The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art (Cooper Union) is a private college at Cooper Square in New York City. Peter Cooper founded the institution in 1859 after learning about the government-supported École Polytechnique in ...
, and
New York University New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded by a group of New Yorkers led by then-Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin. In 1832, the ...
. In 1929, Brady joined the faculty at the
University of California at Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant univ ...
.


In standards

Brady served as Chief of the Standards Division, Consumers Advisory Board,
National Recovery Administration The National Recovery Administration (NRA) was a prime agency established by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal of the administration was to eliminate "cut throat competition" by bringing industry, labor, and governmen ...
and on the staff of the National Resources Planning Board during the
New Deal The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939. Major federal programs agencies included the Civilian Cons ...
. He was one of the founders of Consumers Union, its vice president during its formative period, and head of Western Consumers Union.


Personal

Robert Brady was married to mathematician
Dorothy Brady Dorothy Elizabeth Stahl Brady (June 14, 1903 – April 17, 1977) was an American mathematician and economist. She was a professor of economics at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania from 1958 to 1970. Early life Born in Elk River, M ...
from 1924 to 1936, with whom he had a son in 1933. In 1935 Robert Brady met Mildred Edie Brady who he married in 1936. He had two daughters with Mildred: Judy Brady and Joan Brady. Brady suffered a stroke in 1952 and was an invalid until his death in 1963.


Works

* “Industrial Standardization.” Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1929 * ''The Rationalization Movement in German Industry.'' Berkeley: University of California Press, 1933 * ''The Spirit and Structure of German Fascism.'' New York: Viking, 1937; Lyle Stuart (1971) * ''Business as a System of Power.'' New York: Columbia University Press, 1943; Transaction Publishers (2001) ; Kessinger (2007), * “The Economic Impact of Imperial Germany: Industrial Policy.” In ''The Tasks of Economic History'' (Supplement No. 3 to the ''Journal of Economic History'') (December 1943) * ''Crisis in Britain: Plans and Achievements of the Labour Government.'' Berkeley: University of California Press, 1950 * ''The Citizen's Stake in Price Control.'' Paterson, N.J., Littlefield Adams, 1952. * ''Organization, Automation, and Society: The Scientific Revolution in Industry.'' Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961.


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Brady, Robert A. 1901 births 1963 deaths People from Marysville, Washington Reed College alumni Columbia University alumni University of California, Berkeley College of Letters and Science faculty New York University faculty Institutional economists 20th-century American economists Economists from Washington (state) Cooper Union faculty