Rictrude (Rictrudis, Richtrudis, Richrudis) (c. 614–688) was abbess of
Marchiennes Abbey
Marchiennes Abbey was a French monastery located on the Scarpe in Marchiennes. It was founded around 630 by Adalbard of Douai, and Irish monks, disciples of Saint Columbanus, on the advice of Saint Amand. One of its founders was Rictrude, who mad ...
, in
Flanders
Flanders (, ; Dutch: ''Vlaanderen'' ) is the Flemish-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, ...
. The main early source for her life is the ''Vita Rictrudis'', commissioned by the abbey, and written in 907 by
Hucbald
Hucbald ( – 20 June 930; also Hucbaldus or Hubaldus) was a Benedictine monk active as a music theorist, poet, composer, teacher, and hagiographer. He was long associated with Saint-Amand Abbey, so is often known as Hucbald of St Amand. Deeply i ...
.
Life
She was from a noble family in
Gascony
Gascony (; french: Gascogne ; oc, Gasconha ; eu, Gaskoinia) was a province of the southwestern Kingdom of France that succeeded the Duchy of Gascony (602–1453). From the 17th century until the French Revolution (1789–1799), it was part o ...
, the daughter of Ernoldo, lord of Toulouse.
["Sant 'Adalbaldo", Santi e Beati, November 1, 2008]
/ref> She married Adalbard
Adalbert I of Ostrevent (died c. 652) was a 7th-century Frankish nobleman of the court of King Clovis II of France. He is recognized as a saint, and is commemorated on both 2 February (his martyrdom) and 2 May (translation of his relics to Douai i ...
, Duke of Douai, despite the opposition of some members of her family. In Hucbald's account, this is shown deliberately as a model marriage. It is unclear whether she had four or five children. Her four known children were: Clotsinda Rictrude (Rictrudis, Richtrudis, Richrudis) (c. 614–688) was abbess of Marchiennes Abbey, in Flanders. The main early source for her life is the ''Vita Rictrudis'', commissioned by the abbey, and written in 907 by Hucbald.
Life
She was from a nob ...
, successor as abbess, Adalsinda
Adalsinda is a Catholic saint, with a feast day of 5 May, especially venerated in Douai, France.
She was the child of Saint Richtrudis and Adalbard duke of Douai. Her siblings Clotsinda, Maurontius and Eusebia of Douai are also Pre-congreg ...
, Eusebia and Maurantius
Maurontius of Douai (634 – May 5, 702) was a nobleman and Benedictine abbot. His parents were Rictrude and Adalbard. He is a Catholic saint, with a feast day on May 5, especially venerated in Douai, France. His sisters Clotsinda, Adalsinda an ...
.
The couple opened their castle to the poor and disadvantaged. The hermit-monk Richarius
Richarius (; – April 26, 645) was a Frankish hermit, monk, and the founder of two monasteries. He is venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church, and Eastern Orthodox Church.
Life
Riquier's ''vita'' was probably written at the ...
was a family friend. Around the year 630, Adalbald founded Marchiennes Abbey
Marchiennes Abbey was a French monastery located on the Scarpe in Marchiennes. It was founded around 630 by Adalbard of Douai, and Irish monks, disciples of Saint Columbanus, on the advice of Saint Amand. One of its founders was Rictrude, who mad ...
, on the advice of Amandus
Amandus ( 584 – 679), commonly called Saint Amand, was a bishop of Tongeren-Maastricht and one of the great Christian missionaries of Flanders. He is venerated as a saint, particularly in France and Belgium.
Life
The chief source of details ...
of Maastricht. In 643, Rictrude made it a double monastery
A double monastery (also dual monastery or double house) is a monastery combining separate communities of monks and of nuns, joined in one institution to share one church and other facilities. The practice is believed to have started in the East a ...
.
Adalbard was murdered in obscure circumstances around 652, near Périgueux during a subsequent expedition to Aquitaine, probably by his wife's relatives still bitter about the marriage to an enemy of her people. After her husband's death, Rictrude resisted royal pressure to remarry and retired to Marchiennes Abbey, with her daughters and became abbess. In this she was supported by Amandus, Abbot of Elnon. Rectrude died in 688.
Rictrude is recognized as a Catholic saint; her feast day is 12 May. Her four children are also saints.
Clotsinda
Born around 638, Clotsinda was a younger daughter of Rictrude and Adalbard
Adalbert I of Ostrevent (died c. 652) was a 7th-century Frankish nobleman of the court of King Clovis II of France. He is recognized as a saint, and is commemorated on both 2 February (his martyrdom) and 2 May (translation of his relics to Douai i ...
duke of Douai
Douai (, , ,; pcd, Doï; nl, Dowaai; formerly spelled Douay or Doway in English) is a city in the Nord département in northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. Located on the river Scarpe some from Lille and from Arras, D ...
, In 688, she succeeded her mother as the second abbess of the double monastery
A double monastery (also dual monastery or double house) is a monastery combining separate communities of monks and of nuns, joined in one institution to share one church and other facilities. The practice is believed to have started in the East a ...
of Marchiennes Abbey
Marchiennes Abbey was a French monastery located on the Scarpe in Marchiennes. It was founded around 630 by Adalbard of Douai, and Irish monks, disciples of Saint Columbanus, on the advice of Saint Amand. One of its founders was Rictrude, who mad ...
. She died around 714.
Her siblings Maurontius
Maurontus was the Duke or Patrician of Provence in the early 8th century (720s and 730s). He aspired to independence in the face of Charles Martel, Duke of the Franks, and the Provençal patrician Abbo.
Maurontus appeared in the ''Chronicle of ...
, Adalsinda
Adalsinda is a Catholic saint, with a feast day of 5 May, especially venerated in Douai, France.
She was the child of Saint Richtrudis and Adalbard duke of Douai. Her siblings Clotsinda, Maurontius and Eusebia of Douai are also Pre-congreg ...
and Eusebia are also honored as saints.
Her feast day is of May 5; Closinda is especially venerated in Douai
Douai (, , ,; pcd, Doï; nl, Dowaai; formerly spelled Douay or Doway in English) is a city in the Nord département in northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. Located on the river Scarpe some from Lille and from Arras, D ...
. In the Orthodox faith, she is commemorated on June 30."30 Juin", Orthodoxie
/ref>
References
Sources
*Jo Ann McNamara, John E. Halborg, E. Gordon Whatley (1992), ''Sainted Women of the Dark Ages'', pp. 195–219
{{Authority control
688 deaths
7th-century Frankish saints
7th-century Frankish women
Year of birth unknown
Christian female saints of the Middle Ages
Colombanian saints