Richard L. Kugler is an American thinker and writer on U.S. national security policy and defense strategy.

Life and work

Dr. Kugler is a thinker, writer, and scholar on U.S. national security policy and defense strategy. He is especially known for his analyses of complex policy issues and options, and for producing innovative policies, strategies, plans, programs, and budgets that help shape official thinking. He has been one of the original architects of NATO enlargement as well as multiple other U.S. policy departures in Europe, Asia, and the Persian Gulf. He was a Distinguished Research Professor at the Center for Technology and National Security Policy (CTNSP) of the National Defense University, and is now a senior consultant there. He advises senior echelons of the Office of

Secretary of Defense A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in som ...

(OSD), the Joint Staff, and the interagency community. He is author or editor of twenty books in his field, along with many journal articles in ''Foreign Affairs'', ''Survival'', and other journals, book chapters, and official studies. Dr. Kugler, along with Dr. F. Stephen Larrabee and Dr. Ronald D. Asmus were the three RAND analysts who helped establish the US approach toward NATO Enlargement. RAND publicly portrayed this work as one of its most significant accomplishments in over 50 years. The principal work on NATO Enlargement was presented in a Foreign Affairs article ("Building a New NATO) and two Survival articles (Strategic Options and Budget Costs for NATO Enlargement). The London Times portrayed their work as helping redraw the political and military map of Europe. Other noteworthy collaborators of Dr. Kugler are Mr. David Gompert David Gompert, and Dr. Paul Davis. A political scientist, defense economist, and

operations research Operations research ( en-GB, operational research) (U.S. Air Force Specialty Code: Operations Analysis), often shortened to the initialism OR, is a discipline that deals with the development and application of analytical methods to improve deci ...

analyst, Dr. Kugler holds a Ph.D. from

the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the m ...

. From 1988–1997, he was a research leader at the public think tank, the

RAND Corporation The RAND Corporation (from the phrase "research and development") is an American nonprofit global policy think tank created in 1948 by Douglas Aircraft Company to offer research and analysis to the United States Armed Forces. It is financed ...

. From 1984–1988, he was director of

Department of Defense Department of Defence or Department of Defense may refer to: Current departments of defence * Department of Defence (Australia) * Department of National Defence (Canada) * Department of Defence (Ireland) * Department of National Defense (Philippin ...

's (DOD) Strategic Concepts Development Center, where he advised the Secretary of Defense and Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff. From 1975 to 1984, he was a senior executive in the Office of Secretary of Defense. During 1968–1972, he was a

United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Signal ...

officer, including a tour in

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

. He has been awarded the Distinguished

Civilian Service Alternative civilian service, also called alternative services, civilian service, non-military service, and substitute service, is a form of national service performed in lieu of military conscription for various reasons, such as conscientious ...

Medal, the Exceptional Civilian Service Medal, the Meritorious Civilian Service Medal, and other decorations. Dr. Kugler has also taught graduate courses at RAND,

Georgetown University Georgetown University is a private university, private research university in the Georgetown (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Founded by Bishop John Carroll (archbishop of Baltimore), John Carroll in 1789 as Georg ...

and

George Washington University , mottoeng = "God is Our Trust" , established = , type = Private federally chartered research university , academic_affiliations = , endowment = $2.8 billion (2022) , preside ...

Security Policy Security policy is a definition of what it means to ''be secure'' for a system, organization or other entity. For an organization, it addresses the constraints on behavior of its members as well as constraints imposed on adversaries by mechanisms ...

Studies (Defense Analysis using Operations Research/Systems Analysis Techniques for

policy analysis Policy analysis is a technique used in the public administration sub-field of political science to enable civil servants, nonprofit organizations, and others to examine and evaluate the available options to implement the goals of laws and elected ...

). Kugler was an adjunct professor of international relations at both universities. Many of his students have gone on to senior level positions in DOD,

US Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs of other ...

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

and other national and international policy-oriented organizations.

Books and documents

* A Search for Strategic Wisdom: Guiding the Twists and Turns of US National Security Strategy. March 2017. Www.amazon.com * Strategic Shift: Appraising the Recent Changes to U.S. Defense Plans and Priorities: NDU, http://www.ndu.edu/CTNSP/docUploaded/Kugler-Wells%20-%20Strategic%20Shift%20(1%20page)%20-%20PrePub%20Final.pdf * New Directions in U.S. National Security Strategy, Defense Plans, and Diplomacy

INSS/CTNSP/NDU OR http://www.ndu.edu/CTNSP/docUploaded/New%20Directions.pdf * Future Directions in US Foreign Policy

* Pursuing NATO Smart Defense in Multinational Ways. With Peter C. W. Flory, Peter Flory. INSS/NDU/, 2011. * A Plan to Blunt the Impact on NATO of European Defense Cuts. With Dr. Hans Binnendjk. "Europe's World", Fall 2010. * NATO Requirements for Territorial Defense and Expeditionary Operations: Similarities and Differences. CTNSP/NDU Working Paper, February 2010. * An Extended Deterrence Regime to Counter

Nuclear program of Iran The nuclear program of Iran is an ongoing scientific effort by Iran to research nuclear technology that can be used to make nuclear weapons. Iran has several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facilit ...

Issues and Options

September 2009. * A New Transatlantic Compact? Center for Technology and National Security Transforming NATO - An NDU Anthology, (NDU) 2009 * Should NATO Write a New Strategic Concept? Center for Technology and National Security Transforming NATO - An NDU Anthology, (NDU) 2009 * Sizing the Civilian Response Capacity for Complex Operations - Civilian Surge, Key to Complex Operations. Richard L. Kugler and Christal Fonzo-Eberhard, (NDU) 2009 * Deterrence of Cyber Attacks - Cyberpower and National Security. Edited by Franklin D. Kramer, Stuart H. Starr, and Larry K. Wentz. (NDU), 2009 * Operation Anaconda: Lessons for Joint Operations

Authors: Richard L. Kugler, Michael Baranick, and Hans Binnendijk, March 2009 * Seeing the Elephant: The U.S. Role in Global Security by Richard L. Kugler, Hans Binnendijk, Hardcover - (January 1, 2007)Potomac Books, 2006 Quality paperback, 319 pages /". * Capsule Review - Seeing the Elephant: The U.S. Role in Global Security, Foreign Affairs, Lawrence D. Freedman, May/June 200

* Case study, Case Study in Army Transformation: Creating Modular Forces, (National Defense University, Washington, D.C. Center for Technology and National Security Policy, 2008) * Transatlantic

Homeland Defense Homeland defense (HD) is the protection of a territory, sovereignty, domestic population, and critical infrastructure against external threats and aggression. (Definition will be incorporated into JP 3-26Definition deferred to ''Homeland Defense, J ...

May 2006 7 pages. Authors: Neyla Amas; Stephen J. Flanagan; Stuart E. Johnson; Richard L. Kugler; Leo G. Michel; Anne M. Moisan; Jeffrey Simon; Kimberley L. Thachuk; (NDU, 2006) * Operation Anaconda in Afghanistan: A Case Study of Adaptation in Battle. (NDU, 2007) * Policy Analysis in National Security Affairs: New Methods for a New Era by Richard L. Kugler (U.S.) (2006). * Learning from Darfur. Building a Net-Capable African Force to Stop Mass Killing, Authors: David C. Gompert; Courtney Richardson; Richard L. Kugler; Clifford H. Bernath; (NDU, 2005) * The NATO Response Force 2002-2006: Innovation by the

Atlantic Alliance The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two Nor ...

Richard L. Kugler and Hans Binnendijk * The Global Century: Globalization and National Security, Volume 2 by Richard L. Kugler and Ellen L. Frost(Paperback - April 15, 2002) * Commitment to Purpose. NATO. Pub. January 1993 * Strategic Issues and Options for the Quadrennial Defense Review by Paul K. Davis, Richard L. Kugler, R. J. Hillestad (RAND) * Western Unity and the Transatlantic Security Challenge Authors: Peter van Ham; Richard L. Kugler; (George C. Marsall Center, European Center for Security Studies (2002) *

U.S. Military The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States. The armed forces consists of six service branches: the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and Coast Guard. The president of the United States is the ...

Strategy and Force Posture for the 21st Century (RAND, 1999) * Strategic Assessment 1999 : Priorities for a Turbulent World. Richard Kugler (Editor) * Free-Rider Redux: NATO Needs to Project Power (And Europe Can Help). David Gompert and Richard Kugler (Foreign Affairs, January/February 1995) * Toward a Dangerous World?: U.S. National Security Strategy for the Coming Turbulence (Paperback - October 25, 1994) Foreign Affairs, January/February 1995 * Nato's Future Conventional Defense Strategy in Central Europe: Theater Employment Doctrine for the Post–Cold War Er

* Moscow's spring or NATO's autumn: U.S. policy and the future of Europe (A Rand Note) by Richard L Kugler (RAND, 1989) * Lee's mistake: learning from the decision to order Pickett's Charge.: An article from: Defense Horizons by David C. Gompert and Richard L. Kugler (Digital - September 12, 2006) * Custer in Cyberspace, February 2006, by David C. Gompert and Richard L. Kugler (NDU) * Custer and cognition.G. Armstrong Custer): An article from: Joint Force Quarterly by David C. Gompert and Richard L. Kugler (Digital - November 20, 2006) - (NDU) * A Recast Partnership? Institutional Dimensions of Transatlantic relations, Transatlantic Relations. Simon Serfaty (ed.) Michael Brenner, Benoit d'Aboville,

Jolyon Howorth Jolyon Michael Howorth (born 4 May 1945) is a British scholar of French history, European politics and defense policy. He is currently Jean Monnet Professor of European Politics and Professor Emeritus of European Studies at the University of Bat ...

, Franklin Kramer, Ivan Krastev, Richard Kugler, Julian Lindley-French, Vivien Schmidt, Simon Serfaty. CSIS March 3, 2008. (pb) * A New Military Framework for NATO, May 2005 by David C. Gompert, and Richard Kugler (NDU) * Needed - A NATO Stabilization and Reconstruction Force, September 2004 (NDU) * Alternative Approaches to Army Transformation, July 2004 by Joseph N. Mait and Richard L. Kugler * Dual-Track Transformation for the Atlantic Alliance, November 2003 (NDU) * Mind the Gap: Promoting a Transatlantic Revolution in Military Affairs by David C. Gompert, Richard L. Kugler, Martin C. Libicki, and John P. White (Paperback - July 1999) * Adapting Forces to a New Era: Ten Transforming Concepts, Richard Kugler and Hans Binnendijk,(NDU, 2001) * Managing Change: Capability, Adaptability, and Transformation, Richard Kugler and Hans Binnendijk,(NDU, 2001) * A Balanced Way Out of the Pentagon's Deadlock,

International Herald Tribune The ''International Herald Tribune'' (''IHT'') was a daily English-language newspaper published in Paris, France for international English-speaking readers. It had the aim of becoming "the world's first global newspaper" and could fairly be said ...

, Richard Kugler and Hans Binnendijk, AUGUST 8, 2001 * Analytic Architecture for Joint Staff Decision Support by Leslie Lewis, John Schrader, Richard Kugler, William Fedorochko, James A. Winnfeld * NATO

military strategy Military strategy is a set of ideas implemented by military organizations to pursue desired strategic goals. Derived from the Greek word '' strategos'', the term strategy, when it appeared in use during the 18th century, was seen in its narrow s ...

for the post–Cold War era: Issues and options (A Project Air Force report)(RAND, 1992) * Alternative approaches to Army transformation.: An article from: Defense Horizons by Joseph N. Mait/Richard L. Kugler (October 24, 2006) * Adapting forces to a new era: ten transforming concepts.: An article from: Defense Horizons 9 by Richard L Kugler and Hans Binnendijk, July 28, 2005) * Changes Ahead : Future Directions for the U.S. Overseas Presence(MR-956) (Paperback - October 25, 1998) * Managing change: capability, adaptability, and transformation.: An article from: Defense Horizons by Richard L Kugler and Hans Binnendijk (NDU, July 28, 2005) * Western Unity and the Transatlantic Security Challenge (The Marshall Center Papers, No. 4) by Peter van Ham/Richard L. Kugler (Paperback - 2002) * A new military framework for NATO.: An article from: Defense Horizons by David C. Gompert and Richard L. Kugler (October 24, 2006) * Building a new NATO, ''Foreign Affairs'' 72, Number 4, Dr. Ronald Asmus, Dr. F. Stephen Larrabee, Dr. Richard Kugler.(1993) * NATO Expansion: The Next Steps. ''Survival'' 37, Number 1, Dr. Ronald Asmus, Dr. F. Stephen Larrabee, Dr. Richard Kugler (Spring 1995) * The future of NATO and U.S. policy in Europe by Richard L Kugler (RAND, 1992) * The great strategy debate: NATO's evolution in the 1960s (A Rand note) by Richard L Kugler (RAND,1991) * Laying the foundations: The evolution of NATO in the 1950s (A Rand note) by Richard L Kugler (RAND, 1990) * Enlarging NATO: The Russian Factor by Richard L. Kugler (Paperback - April 25, 199

* Dissuasion as a strategic concept.: An article from: Strategic Forum by Richard L. Kugler (Digital - July 25, 2005) * Costs of NATO enlargement : moderate and affordable (SuDoc D 5.417:128) by Richard L. Kugler (RAND, 1997) * Where is NATO's defense posture headed? (SuDoc D 5.417:133) (RAND, 1998) * The Future U.S. Military Presence in Europe: Forces and Requirements for the Post–Cold War Era/R-4194-Eucom/Na(Rand Corporation//Rand Report)(Paperback - June 1992) * Adaptiveness in National Defense: The Basis of a New Framework, defense (military), National Defense Research Institute, Paul K. Davis, David Gompert, Richard Kugler, (RAND, 1996). * U.S.

national military strategy The National Military Strategy (NMS) is issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff as a deliverable to the secretary of defense briefly outlining the strategic aims of the armed services. The NMS's chief source of guidance is the Nation ...

and force posture for the

post-communist Post-communism is the period of political and economic transformation or transition in former communist states located in Eastern Europe and parts of Africa and Asia in which new governments aimed to create free market-oriented capitalist economi ...

era. (RAND, 1992) * Replacing the 2-MTW standard: Can a better approach be found?(RAND, 2000) * U.S. Military Strategy and Force Posture for the 21st Century: Capabilities (Paperback - 1994) * The politics of restraint: Robert McNamara and the strategic nuclear forces, 1963-1968 (Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of

Political Science Political science is the scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and la ...

. Thesis. 1975. Ph. D) by Richard L Kugler (1975) See Amazon.com Richard L. Kugler books at https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&field-author=Richard%20L.%20Kugler&ie=UTF8&search-alias=books&sort=relevancerank Dr. Kugler has written thousands of pages of original analysis for the Department of Defense. A great deal of Dr. Kugler's work has been used as the basis for U.S. national security policy during each administration from 1977 to the administration of President

Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, Obama was the first African-American president of the U ...

. Dr. Kugler is an analyst and is not involved in politics.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kugler, Richard National Defense University faculty Living people American military writers Military theorists Year of birth missing (living people)