Richard Julius Ernst Frommel (16 July 1854 – 6 April 1912) was a German obstetrician and

gynecologist Gynaecology or gynecology (see spelling differences) is the area of medicine that involves the treatment of women's diseases, especially those of the reproductive organs. It is often paired with the field of obstetrics, forming the combined area ...

who was a native of

Augsburg Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ' ...

. In 1877 he received his medical doctorate at the

University of Würzburg The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg (also referred to as the University of Würzburg, in German ''Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg'') is a public research university in Würzburg, Germany. The University of Würzburg is one of ...

, and for the next ten years worked in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

and

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

. At Berlin he was an assistant to gynecologist

Karl Ludwig Ernst Schroeder Karl Ludwig Ernst Friedrich Schroeder (11 September 1838, Neustrelitz – 7 February 1887, Berlin) was a German gynecologist . He studied medicine at the Universities of Würzburg and Rostock. He earned his doctorate in 1864, subsequently serving ...

(1838–1887). From 1887 until 1901 he was director of the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at the University of Erlangen. Despite a successful career in gynecology, Frommel abruptly retired from medicine in 1901 at the age of 46. Frommel is known for his pioneer work in treatment of ruptured

ectopic pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus. Signs and symptoms classically include abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, but fewer than 50 percent of affected women have both of these symptoms. ...

. A surgical technique known as the "Frommel operation" is used as treatment for retroversion of the

uterus The uterus (from Latin ''uterus'', plural ''uteri'') or womb () is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth. The uter ...

. This surgery involves shortening the

uterosacral ligaments The uterosacral ligaments (or rectouterine ligaments) belong to the major ligaments of uterus. Structure The rectouterine folds contain a considerable amount of fibrous tissue and non-striped muscular fibers which are attached to the front of the ...

via the abdominal route. 2009 ICD-9-CM With

Johann Baptist Chiari Johann Baptist Chiari (15 June 1817 – 11 December 1854) was an Austrian gynecologist and obstetrician born in Salzburg. In 1841 he received his medical doctorate at Vienna, where he subsequently practiced obstetrics and gynecology for most of h ...

(1817–1854), the eponymous "

Chiari-Frommel Syndrome Hyperprolactinaemia is the presence of abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood. Normal levels average to about 13 ng/mL in women, and 5 ng/mL in men, with an upper normal limit of serum prolactin levels being 15-25 ng/mL ...

" is named. This condition is a rare

endocrine The endocrine system is a messenger system comprising feedback loops of the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system, regulating distant target organs. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neu ...

disorder that affects women who have recently given birth. It is also known as postpartum galactorrhea- amenorrhea syndrome.

References

* ''This article incorporates translated text from an equivalent article at the

German Wikipedia The German Wikipedia (german: Deutschsprachige Wikipedia) is the German-language edition of Wikipedia, a free and publicly editable online encyclopedia. Founded on March 16, 2001, it is the second-oldest Wikipedia (after the English Wikipedia), ...

''.
Chiari-Frommel Syndrome
{{DEFAULTSORT:Frommel, Richard 1854 births 1912 deaths German gynaecologists German obstetricians Physicians from Augsburg Physicians from the Kingdom of Bavaria University of Würzburg alumni