Richard Andree (26 February 1835 – 22 February 1912) was a German

geographer A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society, including how society and nature interacts. The Greek prefix "geo" means "earth" a ...

and cartographer, noted for devoting himself especially to

ethnographic Ethnography (from Greek ''ethnos'' "folk, people, nation" and ''grapho'' "I write") is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures. Ethnography explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject ...

studies. He wrote numerous books on this subject, dealing notably with the races of his own country, while an important general work was ''Ethnographische Parallelen und Vergleiche'' (Stuttgart, 1878).

Biography

Andree was born in

Braunschweig Braunschweig () or Brunswick ( , from Low German ''Brunswiek'' , Braunschweig dialect: ''Bronswiek'') is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, north of the Harz Mountains at the farthest navigable point of the river Oker, which connects it to the ...

, the son of geographer Karl Andree (1808–1875). He followed in the footsteps of his father, studied natural sciences at the Braunschweig Collegium Carolinum and

Leipzig University Leipzig University (german: Universität Leipzig), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 December ...

, and temporarily worked in a Bohemian ironworks. As a director of the geography bureau of publisher Velhagen & Klasing in

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as ...

from 1873 to 1890, he also took up cartography, having a chief share in the production of the ''Physikalisch-Statistischer Atlas des Deutschen Reichs'' (together with Oscar Peschel, Leipzig, 1877) and the ''Allgemeiner Historischer Handatlas'', (with Gustav Droysen, son of

Johann Gustav Droysen Johann Gustav Bernhard Droysen (; ; 6 July 180819 June 1884) was a German historian. His history of Alexander the Great was the first work representing a new school of German historical thought that idealized power held by so-called "great" men. ...

, Leipzig, 1886) as well as school atlases. Andree, Richard

Andree's main work, however, is his '' Allgemeiner Handatlas'' (Leipzig, first edition 1881, final edition 1937), one of the most comprehensive world atlases of all times. The early editions of the ''

Times Atlas of the World ''The Times Atlas of the World'', rebranded ''The Times Atlas of the World: Comprehensive Edition'' in its 11th edition and ''The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World'' from its 12th edition, is a world atlas currently published by HarperCo ...

'' (1895-1900) are based on this atlas, as was Cassell's ''Universal Atlas.'' Andree became an elected member of the

Academy of Sciences Leopoldina The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (german: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded ...

in 1886. In 1890 he moved to

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...

, where he continued the editorship of the academic journal ''Globus'' from 1891 until 1903. Andree made important contributions to comparative ethnographic studies of countries and people, advocating

Adolf Bastian Adolf Philipp Wilhelm Bastian (26 June 18262 February 1905) was a 19th-century polymath best remembered for his contributions to the development of ethnography and the development of anthropology as a discipline. Modern psychology owes him a great ...

's ideas of a common basic mental framework shared by all humans. His work also influenced Arnošt Muka's studies of the Sorbian culture. In 1903, Andree married Marie Eysn who became known as Marie Andree-Eysn. Andree died aged 76 in

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...

, which had been the couple's hometown since 1904. Juden 1881

Notes

References

* H. Meyer: ''Velhagen & Klasing 150 Jahre 1835-1985'', Berlin, 1985 * J. Espenhorst: ''Petermann's Planet'', a guide to German handatlases, Schwerte, 2003 * *

External links

* * * Scans fro
Andrees 4th edition (1899)
* Scans o
Droysens Allgemeiner Historischer Handatlas, 1886
* Web archive of the great German Hand-Atlases. Andrees of all decades online
handatlas.de
{{DEFAULTSORT:Andree, Richard 1835 births 1912 deaths Writers from Braunschweig People from the Duchy of Brunswick German cartographers German geographers Leipzig University alumni 19th-century geographers