''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily)

legumes A legume () is a plant in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seed of such a plant. When used as a dry grain, the seed is also called a pulse. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, for livestock fo ...

and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells within

root nodule Root nodules are found on the roots of plants, primarily legumes, that form a symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, capable plants form a symbiotic relationship with a host-specific strain of bacteria known a ...

s, where they convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia using the enzyme nitrogenase and then provide organic nitrogenous compounds such as glutamine or ureides to the plant. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with organic compounds made by photosynthesis. This mutually beneficial relationship is true of all of the

rhizobia Rhizobia are diazotrophic bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside the root nodules of legumes (Fabaceae). To express genes for nitrogen fixation, rhizobia require a plant host; they cannot independently fix nitrogen. In gene ...

, of which the genus ''Rhizobium'' is a typical example. ''Rhizobium'' is also capable to solubilize phosphorus.

History

Martinus Beijerinck was the first to isolate and cultivate a microorganism from the nodules of legumes in 1888. He named it ''Bacillus radicicola'', which is now placed in ''

Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology ''Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology'' is the main resource for determining the identity of prokaryotic organisms, emphasizing bacterial species, using every characterizing aspect. The manual was published subsequent to the ''Bergey's Manu ...

'' under the genus ''Rhizobium''.

Research

''Rhizobium'' forms a symbiotic relationship with certain plants such as legumes, fixing nitrogen from the air into ammonia, which acts as a natural fertilizer for the plants. Current research is being conducted by

Agricultural Research Service The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is the principal in-house research agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). ARS is one of four agencies in USDA's Research, Education and Economics mission area. ARS is charged with ext ...

microbiologists to discover a way to use ''Rhizobium''’s biological nitrogen fixation. This research involves the genetic mapping of various rhizobial species with their respective symbiotic plant species, like alfalfa or soybean. The goal of this research is to increase the plants’ productivity without using fertilizers. In molecular biology, ''Rhizobium'' has also been identified as a contaminant of DNA extraction kit reagents and ultrapure water systems, which may lead to its erroneous appearance in microbiota or metagenomic datasets. The presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria as contaminants may be due to the use of nitrogen gas in ultra-pure water production to inhibit microbial growth in storage tanks.

Species

The genus ''Rhizobium'' comprises the following species: * '' Rhizobium acidisoli'' Román-Ponce ''et al''. 2016 * '' Rhizobium aegyptiacum'' Shamseldin ''et al''. 2016 * '' Rhizobium aethiopicum'' Aserse ''et al''. 2017 * '' Rhizobium alamii'' Berge ''et al''. 2009 * "'' Rhizobium album''" Hang ''et al''. 2019 * "'' Rhizobium albus''" Li ''et al''. 2017 * '' Rhizobium altiplani'' Baraúna ''et al''. 2016 * '' Rhizobium alvei'' Sheu ''et al''. 2015 * '' Rhizobium anhuiense'' Zhang ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium aquaticum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Máthé ''et al''. 2019 * "'' Rhizobium arachis''" Wang et al. 2001 * ''

Rhizobium arenae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Zhang ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Rhizobium arsenicireducens ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Mohapatra ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Rhizobium azooxidifex ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Behrendt ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Rhizobium bangladeshense ''Rhizobium bangladeshense'' is a gram-negative bacterium which was isolated from root nodules of lentils in Bangladesh. Description ''Rhizobium bangladeshense'' are rod-shaped bacteria which live in soil, particularly on the root nodules of ...

'' Rashid ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium binae ''Rhizobium binae'' is a gram-negative bacterium which was isolated from root nodules of lentils in Bangladesh. Description ''Rhizobium binae'' are rod-shaped bacteria found in the soil. They require oxygen and do not form spores. ''Rhizobiu ...

'' Rashid ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium calliandrae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Rincón-Rosales ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Rhizobium capsici ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Lin ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium cauense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Liu ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium cellulosilyticum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' García-Fraile ''et al''. 2007 * ''

Rhizobium changzhiense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Zhang ''et al''. 2021 * ''

Rhizobium chutanense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Huo ''et al''. 2019 * "''

Rhizobium cremeum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Yang et al. 2022 * "''

Rhizobium croatiense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Rajnovic et al. 2022 * "''

Rhizobium deserti ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Liu ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Rhizobium dioscoreae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant ...

'' Ouyabe ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Rhizobium ecuadorense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Ribeiro ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium endophyticum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' López-López ''et al''. 2010 * ''

Rhizobium esperanzae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Cordeiro ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Rhizobium etli ''Rhizobium etli'' is a Gram-negative root-nodule bacterium Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorgani ...

'' Segovia ''et al''. 1993 * ''

Rhizobium favelukesii ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Torres Tejerizo ''et al''. 2016 * "''

Rhizobium flavescens ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Su ''et al''. 2021 * ''

Rhizobium freirei ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Dall'Agnol ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Rhizobium gallicum ''Rhizobium gallicum'' is a Gram-negative root-nodule bacterium. It forms nitrogen-fixing root nodules on legumes, being first isolated from those of ''Phaseolus vulgaris ''Phaseolus vulgaris'', the common bean, is a herbaceous annual plant ...

'' Amarger ''et al''. 1997 * ''

Rhizobium gei ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Shi ''et al''. 2016 * "''

Rhizobium glycinendophyticum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Wang ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Rhizobium grahamii ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' López-López ''et al''. 2011 * ''

Rhizobium hainanense ''Rhizobium hainanense'' is a Gram negative root nodule bacteria. Strain CCBAU 57015 (166) is the type strain. References Further reading * * * * External links *LPSN

'' Chen ''et al''. 1997 * ''

Rhizobium halophytocola ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Bibi ''et al''. 2012 * "''

Rhizobium halotolerans ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Diange and Lee 2013 * "''

Rhizobium hedysari ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Casella ''et al.'' 1986 * "''

''" Xu ''et al''. 2017 * "''

Rhizobium hedysarum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Casella et al. 1984 * ''

Rhizobium helianthi ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Wei ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium hidalgonense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that nitrogen fixation, fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiont, endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation, nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other fl ...

'' Yan ''et al''. 2020 * "''

Rhizobium indicum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Rahi ''et al''. 2020 * '' Rhizobium indigoferae'' Wei ''et al''. 2002 *''

Rhizobium jaguaris ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Rincón-Rosales ''et al''. 2013 * "''

Rhizobium kunmingense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Shen ''et al''. 2010 * ''

Rhizobium laguerreae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Saïdi ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Rhizobium leguminosarum ''Rhizobium leguminosarum'' is a bacterium which lives in a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with legumes, and has the ability to fix free nitrogen from the air. ''R. leguminosarum'' has been very thoroughly studied—it has been the subject ...

'' (Frank 1879) Frank 1889 (Approved Lists 1980) * ''

Rhizobium lemnae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Kittiwongwattana & Thawai 2014 * ''

Rhizobium lentis ''Rhizobium lentis'' is a gram-negative bacteria, gram-negative bacterium which was isolated from root nodules of lentils in Bangladesh. Description ''Rhizobium lentis'' are Bacillus (shape), rod-shaped bacteria found in the soil. They Aerobi ...

'' Rashid ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium leucaenae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Ribeiro ''et al''. 2011 * ''

Rhizobium lusitanum ''Rhizobium lusitanum'' is a Gram negative root nodule bacteria, specifically nodulating ''Phaseolus vulgaris ''Phaseolus vulgaris'', the common bean, is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or green, unripe p ...

'' Valverde ''et al''. 2006 * "''Candidatus''

Rhizobium massiliense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

" Greub ''et al''. 2004. * ''

Rhizobium mayense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Rincón-Rosales ''et al''. 2013 * '' Rhizobium mesoamericanum'' López-López ''et al''. 2011 * ''

Rhizobium mesosinicum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Lin ''et al''. 2009 * ''

Rhizobium metallidurans ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Grison ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Rhizobium miluonense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Gu ''et al''. 2008 * ''

Rhizobium mongolense ''Rhizobium mongolense'' is a Gram negative root nodule bacteria, which nodulates and forms nitrogen-fixing symbioses Symbiosis (from Greek , , "living together", from , , "together", and , bíōsis, "living") is any type of a close and lon ...

'' van Berkum ''et al''. 1998 * ''

Rhizobium multihospitium ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Han ''et al''. 2008 * ''

Rhizobium oryzicola ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Zhang ''et al''. 2015 * "''

Rhizobium oryzihabitans ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Zhao ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Rhizobium pakistanense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that nitrogen fixation, fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiont, endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation, nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other fl ...

'' corrig. Khalid ''et al''. 2015 * "''

Rhizobium panacihumi ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Kang ''et al''. 2019 * ''

Rhizobium paranaense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Dall'Agnol ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Rhizobium phaseoli ''Rhizobium phaseoli'' is a root nodule Root nodules are found on the roots of plants, primarily legumes, that form a symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, capable plants form a symbiotic relationship with ...

'' Dangeard 1926 (Approved Lists 1980) * "''

Rhizobium phenanthrenilyticum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Wen ''et al''. 2011 * '' Rhizobium pisi'' Ramírez-Bahena ''et al''. 2008 * "''

Rhizobium pongamiae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Kesari ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Rhizobium populi ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that nitrogen fixation, fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiont, endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation, nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other fl ...

'' Rozahon ''et al''. 2014 * "''

Rhizobium populisoli ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Shen et al. 2021 * ''

Rhizobium puerariae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Boonsnongcheep ''et al''. 2016 * "''

Rhizobium qilianshanense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Xu ''et al''. 2013 * "''

Rhizobium quercicola ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that nitrogen fixation, fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiont, endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation, nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other fl ...

''" Wang et al. 2022 * "''

Rhizobium redzepovicii ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Rajnovic et al. 2022 * ''

Rhizobium rhizogenes ''Rhizobium rhizogenes'' (formerly ''Agrobacterium rhizogenes'') is a Gram-negative soil bacterium that produces hairy root disease in dicotyledonous plants. ''R. rhizogenes'' induces the formation of proliferative multiple-branched adventitious ...

'' (Riker ''et al''. 1930) Young ''et al''. 2001 * "''

Rhizobium rhizolycopersici ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

''" Thin ''et al''. 2021 * ''

Rhizobium rhizoryzae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Zhang ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Rhizobium ruizarguesonis ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Jorrin ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Rhizobium smilacinae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Zhang ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Rhizobium soli ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Yoon ''et al''. 2010 * ''

Rhizobium sophorae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Jiao ''et al''. 2014 * '' Rhizobium sophoriradicis'' Jiao ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Rhizobium straminoryzae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Lin ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Rhizobium sullae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Squartini ''et al''. 2002 * "''

Rhizobium terrae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that nitrogen fixation, fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiont, endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation, nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other fl ...

''" Ruan ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Rhizobium tibeticum ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Hou ''et al''. 2009 * ''

Rhizobium tropici ''Rhizobium tropici'' is a root nodule Root nodules are found on the roots of plants, primarily legumes, that form a symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, capable plants form a symbiotic relationship with ...

'' Martínez-Romero ''et al''. 1991 * ''

Rhizobium tubonense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Zhang ''et al''. 2011 * ''

Rhizobium tumorigenes ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that nitrogen fixation, fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiont, endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation, nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other fl ...

'' Kuzmanović ''et al''. 2019 * ''

Rhizobium vallis ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Wang ''et al''. 2011 * ''

Rhizobium viscosum ''Rhizobium viscosum'' is a bacterium species from the genus ''Rhizobium'' which has been isolated from soil from the city airport in Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no ...

'' (Gasdorf ''et al''. 1965) Flores-Félix ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Rhizobium wenxiniae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Gao ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Rhizobium yanglingense ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Tan ''et al''. 2001 * ''

Rhizobium zeae ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' Celador-Lera ''et al''. 2017 Species in "parentheses" have been described, but not validated according to the

Bacteriological Code The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or Bacteriological Code (BC) governs the scientific names for Bacteria and Archaea.P. H. A. Sneath, 2003. A short histor ...

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis.

Notes

References

External links

Current research on ''Rhizobium leguminosarum''
at the

Norwich Research Park Norwich Research Park is a business community located to the southwest of Norwich, Norfolk, in East Anglia, England close to the A11 road (England), A11 and the A47 road, A47 roads. Set in over 230 hectares of parkland, Norwich Research Park i ...

Video and commentary on root nodules and Rhizobium in White Clover
{{Authority control Rhizobiaceae Bacteria genera