''Retribution; or The Vale of Shadows: A Tale of Passion'' was a novel written by

E. D. E. N. Southworth Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth (December 26, 1819June 30, 1899) was an American writer of more than 60 novels in the latter part of the 19th century. She was the most popular American novelist of her day.

in 1849. ''Retribution'' was serialized in ''

The National Era ''The National Era'' was an abolitionist newspaper published weekly in Washington, D.C., from 1847 to 1860. Gamaliel Bailey was its editor in its first year. ''The National Era Prospectus'' stated in 1847: Each number contained four pages of s ...

'' in 1849 and was published in book form the same year. It launched Southworth's career as a writer of popular fiction.

References

1849 American novels Works originally published in American newspapers {{1840s-novel-stub