In Germany, military test rockets were launched in

Peenemünde Peenemünde (, en, "Peene iverMouth") is a municipality on the Baltic Sea island of Usedom in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is part of the ''Amt'' (collective municipality) of Usedom-Nord. The communi ...

(including

Greifswalder Oie Greifswalder Oie (literally "Greifswald's isle") is a small island in the Baltic Sea, located east of Rügen on the German coast. The island covers an area of about 54 hectares. The isle forms part of the municipality of Kröslin. Geography The ...

) and

Cuxhaven Cuxhaven (; ) is an independent town and seat of the Cuxhaven district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The town includes the northernmost point of Lower Saxony. It is situated on the shore of the North Sea at the mouth of the Elbe River. Cuxhaven has ...

, and larger non-military rockets were launched in Hespenbusch,

and

Zingst Zingst ( Polabian ''Sgoni'') is the easternmost portion of the three-part Fischland-Darß-Zingst Peninsula, located in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, between the cities of Rostock and Stralsund on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea. Th ...

. In World War II, A4-rockets were also launched as weapons from several western areas of Germany. Several launchpads were also constructed for the

Bachem Ba 349 The Bachem Ba 349 Natter ( en, Colubrid, grass-snake) was a World War II German point-defence rocket-powered interceptor, which was to be used in a very similar way to a manned surface-to-air missile. After a vertical take-off, which eliminated ...

(also known as Natter), developed in 1944/45.

Peenemünde

From

Test stand VII , partof = Army Research Center Peenemünde,Nazi Germany , location = Usedom island , coordinates = , image = Peenemunde-165515.jpg , image_size = 300px , caption = 23 June 1943 RAF reconnaissance ...

, the most important launchpad for test rockets in Peenemünde, the mud wall, the channel for static tests, the concrete slab used for launches and some remains of the assembly hall still exist. The area is not open to tourists.

Greifswalder Oie

From the former launchpad, a piece of rail and the former observation shelter still exist. The area is open to tourists.

Cuxhaven

In the area of Cuxhaven, a launchpad was constructed only for Operation Backfire. Launches for other operations in this area were made from mobile pads. A trench and some shelter remnants of the Backfire launchpad still exist. Also, the old Navy shelter used

Hermann-Oberth-Gesellschaft The Hermann Oberth Society is an association named after Hermann Oberth, the German astronautics pioneer and the authoritative expert on rocketry outside the United States, which develops and builds rockets and trains engineers in space technology. ...

as control shelter still exists. The area is open to tourists.

Hespenbusch

In Hespenbusch only small rockets were launched from mobile launch pads.

Zingst

In Zingst, a lighted roadway indicates that there was once an important facility. It is possible that the concrete slab on which the launchpad stood still exists.

Liebenau

In Liebenau, the concrete slab probably still exists, which was used for launching the last A4-rockets in World War II in Germany in April 1945.

Launch sites for war use of A4

The war launches of A4 were made from mobile launch sites, for which no permanent construction was necessary. Nevertheless, there are at some sites concrete pads still in existence (in Hillscheid, for example).

Launch sites for Bachem Ba 349

On the Ochsenkopf high ground in

Lager Heuberg Lager Heuberg (Camp Heuberg) () is a Bundeswehr quarters located in the southern corner of the '' Truppenübungsplatz Heuberg'' (Heuberg military training area) in (Baden-Württemberg), near the city of Stetten am kalten Markt. From March to Decem ...

near Stetten am kalten Markt, there is still the concrete pad from which the first manned launch of a

that took place on 1 March 1945, which ended with the pilot

Lothar Sieber Lothar Sieber (7 April 1922 – 1 March 1945) was a German test pilot who was killed in the first vertical take-off manned rocket flight, in a Bachem Ba 349 "Natter". Before he became a test pilot for Bachem, he piloted an Arado Ar 232 in hig ...

being killed. The site is on an active ''

Bundeswehr The ''Bundeswehr'' (, meaning literally: ''Federal Defence'') is the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. The ''Bundeswehr'' is divided into a military part (armed forces or ''Streitkräfte'') and a civil part, the military part con ...

'' military exercise area and therefore is not open to tourists. Three other launch sites for the unmanned

test flights are situated in the Hasenholz forest near

Kirchheim/Teck Kirchheim unter Teck ( Swabian: ''Kircha'') is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, in the district of Esslingen. It is located on the small river Lauter, a tributary of the Neckar. It is 10 km (6 miles) near the Teck castle, approxima ...

. This area is accessible for the public. Rocket launch sites in Germany Ruins in Germany World War II sites in Germany German V-2 rocket facilities {{Germany-hist-stub