Redheugh Gardens War Memorial or Hartlepool War Memorial is a

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

and

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

memorial A memorial is an object or place which serves as a focus for the memory or the commemoration of something, usually an influential, deceased person or a historical, tragic event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark objects or works of a ...

located in the Headlands of

Hartlepool Hartlepool () is a seaside and port town in County Durham, England. It is the largest settlement and administrative centre of the Borough of Hartlepool. With an estimated population of 90,123, it is the second-largest settlement in County ...

, County Durham, England. It commemorates Hartlepool military servicemen and civilians who lost their lives in both wars – with specific mention of the first British soldiers to have died on British soil during 16 December 1914 Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby of World War I. In 2001 a plaque was unveiled to memorialise 240 men and women who succumbed from 1919 to 1967 during war and conflict.

Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby

The death of the first soldiers on British soil during World War I is commemorated by the Redheugh Gardens War Memorial, which was unveiled seven years and one day after the East Coast Raid. ''War Memorial in Redheugh Gardens''.
British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 9 September 2012.

''Winged Victory'' memorial

The memorial, commissioned by the War Memorial Committee and designed by Philip B. Bennison, commemorates the servicemen and civilians who lost their lives in

. The main figure on the memorial is the draped ''Winged Victory'' (also called ''Triumphant Youth''). The unveiling program describes it as: "The winged figure of ''Triumphant Youth'' which crowns the column, symbolizes a spiritual freedom and regeneration which comes through pain and sacrifice." It is sculpted in

bronze Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals, such as phosphorus, or metalloids such ...

and sits upon several pedestals made of

limestone Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...

and

ashlar Ashlar () is finely dressed (cut, worked) stone, either an individual stone that has been worked until squared, or a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, generally rectangular cuboid, mentioned by Vitruv ...

. First below the sculpture is a

chamfer A chamfer or is a transitional edge between two faces of an object. Sometimes defined as a form of bevel, it is often created at a 45° angle between two adjoining right-angled faces. Chamfers are frequently used in machining, carpentry, fu ...

ed plinth and

cornice In architecture, a cornice (from the Italian ''cornice'' meaning "ledge") is generally any horizontal decorative moulding that crowns a building or furniture element—for example, the cornice over a door or window, around the top edge of a ...

that carries on each of its four faces the bronze: the Hartlepool town seal, the Brus family (Hartlepool overlords)

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...

, the coat of arms of Prince Bishops of Durham and, representing the Raid on Hartlepool, a 1914 dated

cartouche In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche is an oval with a line at one end tangent to it, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name. The first examples of the cartouche are associated with pharaohs at the end of the Third Dynasty, but the fea ...

of the lighthouse. The bronze panels were made by R.H. Machin. The pedestal at the base is a square shaft that is rockfaced and coursed. The memorial inscriptions are: * West face: "LIVE THOU FOR ENGLAND" * East face: "FOR US THEY DIED"

John Lambton, 3rd Earl of Durham John George Lambton, 3rd Earl of Durham (19 June 1855 – 18 September 1928), known as Viscount Lambton until 1879, was a British peer. Durham was the eldest twin son of George Lambton, 2nd Earl of Durham, and his wife Lady Beatrix Frances, da ...

unveiled the memorial and Rev. D. Patterson performed the dedication on 17 December 1921. The wife of Hartlepool

Councillor A councillor is an elected representative for a local government council in some countries. Canada Due to the control that the provinces have over their municipal governments, terms that councillors serve vary from province to province. Unl ...

C.T. Watson unveiled the plaques.''Youth Column 1914 Redheugh Gardens''.
North East War Memorials Project. Retrieved 10 September 2012. It was made a

Grade II In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...

structure has been listed with the British Listed Buildings since 1985. In 2002 the memorial was renovated, including new gates, railings and walls.

Memorial wall

memorial, and its use was extended to memorialise those from

. The wall has five

slate panels high x wide of the names of the deceased. The inscriptions on the first four panels are: * "To these Unconquered Dead" (on the wall) * "Of the Navy / Army and / Mercantile / Marine /" (at the top of panels) * "Who fell in the Great War / and in grateful appreciation / of those who shared its dangers" (on the wall). On a fifth panel is the inscription: "Bombardment. / The following / were killed in the / bombardment / of Hartlepool / December 16th 1914" and 52 full names. Pillars at the end of the wall contain the dates of the wars.''Wall 1914–19 1939–45 Redheugh Gardens.''
North East War Memorials Project. Retrieved 10 September 2012. Funded by

public In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...

subscription The subscription business model is a business model in which a customer must pay a recurring price at regular intervals for access to a product or service. The model was pioneered by publishers of books and periodicals in the 17th century, and ...

, the memorial was unveiled by

on 17 December 1921. On the back of the wall is a 2001 memorial to 240 "Citizens, Servicemen and Servicewomen of the Borough of Hartlepool / who gave their lives in conflict and War during the years from 1919 to 1967." There are two bronze plaques each x with the town badge of Hartlepool and the initials and surnames of the dead. The David Timlin

MBE Mbe may refer to: * Mbé, a town in the Republic of the Congo * Mbe Mountains Community Forest, in Nigeria * Mbe language, a language of Nigeria * Mbe' language, language of Cameroon * ''mbe'', ISO 639 code for the extinct Molala language Molal ...

War Memorial Appeal Fund raised the money for the plaques through public subscription, and as a result there is a commemorative plate acknowledging Timlin's efforts. The memorial plaques were dedicated on 24 June 2001.''Plaques 1919–67 Redheugh Gardens''.
North East War Memorials Project. Retrieved 9 September 2012.

Gallery

200px perrow=4> File:Cannon, Heugh Headland, Hartlepool - geograph.org.uk - 1607919.jpg, Cannon, Heugh Headland, Hartlepool. File:Heugh Battery memorial plaque Geograph 1608078 0295fa65-by-Andrew-Curtis.jpg, Plaque marks the first attack on Hartelepool on 16 December 1914 and the first British soldier killed on the British mainland during World War I. File:Memorial to the first British soldier killed on British soil during the Great War - geograph.org.uk - 429905.jpg, Memorial to the first British soldier killed on British soil during the Great War File:Cliff Terrace From the Breakwater - geograph.org.uk - 615003.jpg, Cliff Terrace From the Breakwater With the lighthouse on the right and the war memorial standing in Redheugh Gardens left of centre. File:Earl of Durham Vanity Fair 24 December 1887.jpg, The Earl of Durham as caricatured by Spy ( Leslie Ward) in Vanity Fair, December 1887

Notes

References

{{Reflist

External links

''Youth Column'' (or ''Winged Victory'') memorial
– more information about the memorial * Maps *
Satellite image of Redheugh Gardens War Memorial
** Map that shows both Hartlepool memorial
Map with: A = West Hartlepool WM – B = Redheugh Gardens WM
British military memorials and cemeteries Buildings and structures in Hartlepool Buildings and structures completed in 1923 World War I memorials in England Monuments and memorials in County Durham Grade II listed buildings in County Durham