Raymond Douglas Stewart (born 18 March 1965 in

Kingston, Jamaica Kingston is the capital and largest city of Jamaica, located on the southeastern coast of the island. It faces a natural harbour protected by the Palisadoes, a long sand spit which connects the town of Port Royal and the Norman Manley Inter ...

) is a former

Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...

athlete An athlete (also sportsman or sportswoman) is a person who competes in one or more sports that involve physical strength, speed, or endurance. Athletes may be professionals or amateurs. Most professional athletes have particularly well-devel ...

who specialised in the

100 metres The 100 metres, or 100-meter dash, is a sprint race in track and field competitions. The shortest common outdoor running distance, the dash is one of the most popular and prestigious events in the sport of athletics. It has been conteste ...

event. As a junior athlete Stewart found much success at the

CARIFTA Games The CARIFTA Games is an annual athletics competition founded by the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). The games was first held in 1972 and consists of track and field events including sprint races, hurdles, middle distance track event ...

, winning five gold medals within a four-year period. In 1984 he reached the 100 m Olympic final and won an Olympic silver medal for the 4×100 metres relay. At the 1987 World Championships he took silver in the 100 m and bronze with the Jamaican relay team. A leg injury in the 1988 Olympic final of the 100 m ruined his medal chances in both the individual and relay events. A new personal best of 9.97 seconds at the NCAA Outdoor Championships made him the number one ranked 100 m athlete in 1989 and the first Jamaican to officially break the

10-second barrier The 10-second barrier is the physical and psychological barrier of completing the 100 metres sprint in under ten seconds. The achievement is traditionally regarded as the hallmark of a world-class male sprinter. Its significance has become less i ...

. At the competition he also recorded the third fastest relay time ever. He won his first

Commonwealth Games The Commonwealth Games, often referred to as the Friendly Games or simply the Comm Games, are a quadrennial international multi-sport event among athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. The event was first held in 1930, and, with the exce ...

medal the following year, taking bronze in the relay. Stewart recorded a national record of 9.96 seconds at the 1991 World Championships but this was surprisingly only enough for sixth place; two continental records and the

world record A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book ''Guinness World Records'' and other world records organization ...

were broken in the race. Stewart reached his third consecutive Olympic 100 m final in 1992, becoming the first man to do so. He reached the 1993 and 1995 World Championship finals of the 100 m but failed to medal. He attended his last Olympics in 1996. Stewart had a career that lasted almost twenty years, competing at four successive

Olympic Games The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a var ...

and six

World Championships A world championship is generally an international competition open to elite competitors from around the world, representing their nations, and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport, game, ...

. He also won the 100 m at the Jamaican national championships seven times. His 100 m personal best of 9.96 seconds makes him the fifth fastest Jamaican sprinter in the event, after

Usain Bolt Usain St. Leo Bolt, , (; born 21 August 1986) is a retired Jamaican sprinter, widely considered to be the greatest sprinter of all time. He is the world record holder in the 100 metres, 200 metres, and 4 × 100 metres relay. An eight- ...

Asafa Powell Asafa Powell, CD (born 23 November 1982) is a retired Jamaican sprinter who specialised in the 100 metres. He set the 100 metres world record twice, between June 2005 and May 2008 with times of 9.77 and 9.74 seconds. Powell has consiste ...

Nesta Carter Nesta Carter OD (born October 11, 1985) is a retired Jamaican sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres event. Carter was successful as part of the Jamaican 4 x 100 metres relay team, taking gold and setting successive world records at the 2 ...

and

Yohan Blake Yohan Blake (born 26 December 1989) is a Jamaican sprinter specialising in the 100-metre and 200-metre sprint races. He won gold at the 100 m at the 2011 World Athletics Championships as the youngest 100 m world champion ever, and a silver m ...

. He went on to coach a number of prominent sprinters, including

Jerome Young Jerome Young (born August 14, 1976) is an American former track and field sprinter who specialized in the 400-meter dash. He won gold medals with the United States 4 × 400-meter relay team at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics and 1997 ...

, but received a life-ban from athletics in 2010 as he had allegedly obtained

performance-enhancing drugs Performance-enhancing substances, also known as performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), are substances that are used to improve any form of activity performance in humans. A well-known example of cheating in sports involves doping in sport, where bann ...

for his athletes.

Career

Stewart attended Camperdown High School, and was coached by

Glen Mills Glen Mills OD (born 14 August 1949) is a sprinting athletics coach from Jamaica. He was the head coach of the Jamaican Olympic athletics team between 1987 and 2009. He is currently head coach of the Racers Track Club which includes world and Oly ...

. After leaving Camperdown Stewart attended

Texas Christian University Texas Christian University (TCU) is a private research university in Fort Worth, Texas. It was established in 1873 by brothers Addison and Randolph Clark as the Add-Ran Male & Female College. It is affiliated with the Christian Church (Disciples ...

Fort Worth Fort Worth is the fifth-largest city in the U.S. state of Texas and the 13th-largest city in the United States. It is the county seat of Tarrant County, covering nearly into four other counties: Denton, Johnson, Parker, and Wise. According ...

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

1981

Running in the Under 17 Boy's category Stewart won the 100 m event at the

CARIFTA The Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA) was organised on 1 May 1968, to provide a continued economic linkage between the English-speaking countries of the Caribbean. The agreements establishing it came following the dissolution of the ...

Games in

Nassau Nassau may refer to: Places Bahamas *Nassau, Bahamas, capital city of the Bahamas, on the island of New Providence Canada *Nassau District, renamed Home District, regional division in Upper Canada from 1788 to 1792 *Nassau Street (Winnipeg), ...

, his time being 10.9 s. He completed a successful double by winning the 200 m in 22.32 s.

1983

At the CARIFTA Games in

Fort-de-France Fort-de-France (, , ; gcf, label=Martinican Creole, Fodfwans) is a Communes of France, commune and the capital city of Martinique, an overseas department and region of France located in the Caribbean. It is also one of the major cities in the ...

Stewart finished second in the Under 20 Men 100 m, in a wind aided 10.40. He won the 200 m event in the same category in 21.13 s. A bronze medal with the 4 × 100 m relay team was earned with a time of 41.28 s.CARIFTA Games (Under 20 Men)
/ref> At the inaugural World Championships in

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Stewart, only 18 years old, finished fifth in heat two of the 100 m semi final. His time of 10.40 was .01 slower than the third- and fourth-place finishers in his heat. Stewart also ran the second leg of the Jamaican 4 × 100 m relay team, which finished seventh in 38.75 s.

1984

Stewart won the 100 m Jamaica National Championship in 10.37. National Champions 100 mJamaican Championships
/ref> In the Nassau CARIFTA Games Stewart won both the Under 20 Men 100 m in 10.2 s, and the 4 × 100 m relay in 41.0 s. At the 1984 Olympics in

Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...

Stewart won a silver medal with the Jamaican relay team. Running the anchor leg in a timed 9.28 s, Stewart passed the Canadian

Sterling Hinds Sterling Hinds (born 31 October 1961) is a Canadian retired sprinter and football player. He won the bronze medal in 4 x 100 m relay at the 1984 Olympic Games, and played professional football with the Toronto Argonauts. Hinds was born in Toron ...

and crossed the line to record a finishing time of 38.62 In addition to that he came sixth in the 100 m final, his time 10.29 with 0.2 m/s wind. At 19 years old, he was the youngest athlete to compete in the 100 m Olympic final, and had won each of his heats on his way to the final.

1985

Stewart started attendance at Texas Christian University.2009 TCU track book
/ref>

1986

Stewart won the 100 m Jamaica National Championship in 10.35. Stewart's season was cut short by a quadriceps injury.

1987

Stewart ran the anchor leg of the 4x100 m at the NCAA Outdoor Championships at

Baton Rouge Baton Rouge ( ; ) is a city in and the capital of the U.S. state of Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-sma ...

. TCU's winning time of 38.62 was the fastest time by any collegiate team of the season. Stewart also won the individual NCAA 100 m Outdoor championship.Bubba Thornton profile
/ref> Stewart again won the 100 m Jamaica National Championship, in 10.30. He won two medals at the 1987 World Championships in

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

. Recording 10.08 s, he won the bronze medal in the 100 m, behind

Ben Johnson Ben, Benjamin or Benny Johnson may refer to: In sports Association football * Ben Johnson (footballer, born 2000), English footballer * Ben Johnson (soccer) (born 1977), American soccer player Other codes of football *Ben Johnson (Australian foot ...

and

Carl Lewis Frederick Carlton Lewis (born July 1, 1961) is an American former track and field athlete who won nine Olympic gold medals, one Olympic silver medal, and 10 World Championships medals, including eight gold. His career spanned from 1979 to 1996, ...

; his finish position and medal were later upgraded after Johnson was disqualified following his positive test for a steroid at the 1988 Olympics and later admission of seven years of use. Running the anchor leg for the 4 × 100 m relay team he earned a bronze medal in 38.41 s. Stewart finished the season ranked number four in the world.Jamaican Men - The World Top Ten
/ref>The World Top Ten
/ref>

1988

Stewart won the 100 m Jamaica National Championship for the third consecutive year, in 10.08. At the

1988 Summer Olympics The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad () and commonly known as Seoul 1988 ( ko, 서울 1988, Seoul Cheon gubaek palsip-pal), was an international multi-sport event held from 17 September to 2 October ...

Seoul Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...

, Stewart came eighth in the 100 m final despite qualifying fourth fastest from the semi finals; his time of 12.26 was a result of slowing down before the end due to a leg injury. His position was later improved to seventh following the disqualification of race winner Ben Johnson. Because of his injury Stewart did not run on the 4 × 100 m relay team, which finished fourth in the final. He finished the season ranked seventh in the world.

1989

In addition to winning the NCCA Indoor 55 m championship, Stewart won the 100 m at the NCAA Outdoor Championships in Provo,

Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to it ...

in 9.97, and also ran the anchor leg for the winning TCU 4 × 100 m team. The time 38.23 was a new collegiate record, and at the time was the third fastest in history. Stewart also won the 100 m Jamaica National Championship for the fourth consecutive year, in 10.27. Stewart was the top ranked 100 m male athlete in the world.

1990

At the Commonwealth Games in

Auckland Auckland (pronounced ) ( mi, Tāmaki Makaurau) is a large metropolitan city in the North Island of New Zealand. The List of New Zealand urban areas by population, most populous urban area in the country and the List of cities in Oceania by po ...

Stewart finished eighth in his 100m semi final in 11.15 s. Running the third leg for the 4 × 100 m relay Stewart received a bronze medal, the team recording 39.11 s.

1991

Stewart won the 100 m Jamaica National Championship, in a wind assisted 10.21. At the World Championships in Tokyo Japan, Stewart recorded his personal best 9.96 s in the 100 m final, leading the race at the 50 m mark, and was equal first at 60 m. However his effort was only good enough for sixth place. He again recorded a sixth-place finish, in the final of the 4 × 100 m relay. Stewart ran the second leg and the team recorded a time of 38.67 s. At the end of the season Stewart was the seventh ranked male 100 m athlete. This was to be his final year ranking in the top ten.

1992

Stewart won his seventh and final 100 m Jamaica National Championship, in 10.10. At the

1992 Summer Olympics The 1992 Summer Olympics ( es, Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 1992, ca, Jocs Olímpics d'estiu de 1992), officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad ( es, Juegos de la XXV Olimpiada, ca, Jocs de la XXV Olimpíada) and commonly known as ...

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

. Stewart came seventh in the 100 m final in 10.22 s. This marked his third consecutive race in an Olympic 100 m final, making him the first man to do so. The Jamaican 4 × 100 m relay team with Stewart on anchor registered a DNF in their heat.

1993

Stewart won his first 200 m Jamaican National Championship, in 20.80. At the World championships in

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...

Stewart finished eighth in the 100 m, in a time of 10.18 s.

1995

At the World Championships in

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Stewart again finished eighth, in 10.29 s. The 4 × 100 m relay team anchored by Stewart finished fourth in 39.10 s. Stewart had made the 100 m final of four consecutive World Championships, the first two of which were spaced four years apart.

1996

At the January Boston Indoor Games Stewart finished third in the 60 m, in 6.72 s. Competing in his fourth Olympics, Stewart recorded 10.18 s in his quarter final heat of the 100 m, a time insufficient to move him to the semi finals. Emmanuel Tuffour of

Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and To ...

received the final qualifying spot for the semi finals with an identical 10.18 s. Stewart ran the anchor leg in 9.14 s for the 4 × 100 m relay, the team recording a time of 38.81 for fourth place in its semi final. The team was then disqualified.

1997

Stewart finished fourth in the 60 m at the World Indoor Championships in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, his time 6.55 s.

1999

In the February Stockholm Indoor Meeting Stewart finished fourth in 60 m heat two, in 6.74 s. He failed to advance to the final At the

Sevilla Seville (; es, Sevilla, ) is the capital and largest city of the Spain, Spanish autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the Guadalquivir, River Gua ...

World Championships Stewart finished fourth in heat three, running the anchor leg for the Jamaican 4 × 100 m team, in 38.86 s. The time was not good enough for advancing to the final.

Post competition life

On 13 April 2008 the ''

New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid d ...

'' published an article in which Stewart was implicated by

Angel Guillermo Heredia In various theistic religious traditions an angel is a supernatural spiritual being who serves God. Abrahamic religions often depict angels as benevolent celestial intermediaries between God (or Heaven) and humanity. Other roles inclu ...

for the use of

human growth hormone Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormone (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals. It is thus important in h ...

. A copy of an e-mail message from July 2003 was shown to the ''Times'', in which Herdia described drugs he had recommended for two athletes trained by Stewart. When contacted Stewart initially denied knowing Herdia but then said that they had met after being shown a copy of the e-mail. Stewart then stated that he had rejected the drugs offered by Herdia. In April 2009 Stewart's name was further tarnished following the IAAF stripping

of his World Championship results following Young's admission of doping from 1991 through 2003. Stewart once coached Young. At the New York launch of the 2009

Penn Relays The Penn Relays (also Penn Relays Carnival) is the oldest and largest track and field competition in the United States, hosted annually since April 21, 1895 by the University of Pennsylvania at Franklin Field in Philadelphia. In 2012, there were ...

, Stewart was honoured by Team Jamaica Bickle for his contribution to athletics. In June 2010 Stewart was banned from coaching for life by the USADA.

Accomplishments and major competition results

Personal bests

His personal best in the 50 m event is the third fastest time by a Jamaican.50 Metres All Time

IAAF World Athletics, formerly known as the International Amateur Athletic Federation (from 1912 to 2001) and International Association of Athletics Federations (from 2001 to 2019, both abbreviated as the IAAF) is the international governing body for ...

(2008-03-04). Retrieved on 2009-05-19.

Time progression in the 100 m

Achievements

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Stewart, Ray 1965 births Living people Sportspeople from Kingston, Jamaica Jamaican male sprinters Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Olympics Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics Olympic athletes of Jamaica Olympic silver medalists for Jamaica Pan American Games silver medalists for Jamaica Pan American Games bronze medalists for Jamaica Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field) Athletes (track and field) at the 1983 Pan American Games Athletes (track and field) at the 1987 Pan American Games Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Jamaica Athletes (track and field) at the 1990 Commonwealth Games Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics World Athletics Championships medalists Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field) Goodwill Games medalists in athletics Competitors at the 2001 Goodwill Games Medalists at the 1987 Pan American Games Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in athletics