Rattini is a very large, diverse

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confli ...

muroid The Muroidea are a large superfamily of rodents, including mice, rats, voles, hamsters, lemmings, gerbils, and many other relatives. Although the Muroidea originated in Eurasia, they occupy a vast variety of habitats on every continent excep ...

rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...

s in the subfamily

Murinae The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species. Members of this subfamily are called murines. In terms of species richness, this subfamily is larger than all mammal families excep ...

. They are found throughout

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...

and

Australasia Australasia is a region that comprises Australia, New Zealand and some neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term is used in a number of different contexts, including geopolitically, physiogeographically, philologically, and ecologi ...

, with a few species ranging into

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...

and northern

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

. The most well-known members of this group are the true rats (genus ''

Rattus ''Rattus'' is a genus of muroid rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus. Species and description The best-known ''Rattus'' species are the black rat (''R. rattus'') ...

''), several species of which have been introduced worldwide.

Taxonomy

They are thought to be the second-most basal member of the

despite their high modern diversity, with only the Phloeomyini being more basal than them. The genus '' Micromys'' was previously classified in a

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of conver ...

division also containing '' Hapalomys'', ''

Chiropodomys ''Chiropodomys'' (or pencil-tailed tree mice) is a genus of Old World rats and mice native to Southeast Asia and northeast India. They are tree-dwelling, very small mice, mostly found in tropical rainforest. In total six extant species have bee ...

'', and ''

Vandeleuria ''Vandeleuria'' is a small genus of rodent from Asia with only three species. It is the only member of the tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide us ...

'', but phylogenetic evidence supports it forming a sister group to the rest of the Rattini. It has been debated over whether it represents its own tribe (Micromyini) or a basal member of the Rattini, but the American Society of Mammalogists classifies it within the Rattini based on a 2019 study.

Distribution

They are mostly found throughout

, primarily in the tropics and subtropics, but with a few genera such as ''

'', '' Micromys'' (if considered a part of Rattini) and '' Nesokia'' ranging north to temperate regions or west to arid regions. In addition, many species in the genus ''Rattus'' are found throughout

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torr ...

and Australia, making them the only native rodents to the region outside of the

Hydromyini Hydromyini is a very large, diverse tribe of muroid rodents in the subfamily Murinae. They are the dominant native rodents in Australasia and one of only two native rodent groups there, the other being the ''R. fuscipes'' group of the genus ''Rat ...

. Only one species (''

Micromys minutus The harvest mouse (''Micromys minutus'') is a small rodent native to Europe and Asia. It is typically found in fields of cereal crops, such as wheat and oats, in reed beds and in other tall ground vegetation, such as long grass and hedgerows. It ...

'', if included) ranges throughout Europe, and another (''

Nesokia indica The short-tailed bandicoot rat (''Nesokia indica'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. Other common names include short-tailed mole-rat, Indian bandicoot, bandicoot-rat, flat-tooth rat and short-tailed nesokia. Characteristics The sho ...

'') ranges into northern

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...

. Several ''Rattus'' species have also been introduced worldwide, and in some cases have become invasive species that have led to the extinction of many animals and plants. Within Asia, the Rattini reach their highest diversity in the tropics of

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainlan ...

, especially in the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

and the

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

n island of Sulawesi.

Species

Species in the tribe include: * '' Berylmys'' division **Genus '' Berylmys'' - white-toothed rats *** Small white-toothed rat, ''Berylmys berdmorei'' *** Bower's white-toothed rat, ''Berylmys bowersi'' *** Kenneth's white-toothed rat, ''Berylmys mackenziei'' ***

Manipur white-toothed rat The Manipur white-toothed rat (''Berylmys manipulus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. The Manipur white-toothed rat is found in northeastern India, northern and central Myanmar, and Yunnan province of China (west of the Salween R ...

, ''Berylmys manipulus'' *''

Bunomys ''Bunomys'' is a genus of rodent from Sulawesi and Buton Island. Currently, eight species are recognised in two species-groups. Species Genus ''Bunomys'' ''chrysocomus''-group: * Yellow-haired hill rat, ''Bunomys chrysocomus'' Hoffmann, 1887 * ...

'' division **Genus '' Bullimus'' *** Bagobo rat, ''Bullimus bagobus'' *** Camiguin forest rat, ''Bullimus gamay'' *** Large Luzon forest rat, ''Bullimus luzonicus'' ** Genus ''

'' ***

Andrew's hill rat Andrew's hill rat (''Bunomys andrewsi'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Sulawesi and Buton Island, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania b ...

, ''Bunomys andrewsi'' ***

Yellow-haired hill rat The yellow-haired hill rat (''Bunomys chrysocomus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Sulawesi, Indonesia, including Lore Lindu National Park Lore Lindu National Park is a protected area of forest on the Indone ...

, ''Bunomys chrysocomus'' *** Heavenly hill rat, ''Bunomys coelestis'' ***

Fraternal hill rat The fraternal hill rat (''Bunomys fratrorum'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in northeastern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Its natural habitat is tropical dry forest. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destru ...

, ''Bunomys fratrorum'' ***

Karoko hill rat The Karoko hill rat (''Bunomys karokophilus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the ...

, ''Bunomys karokophilus'' *** Inland hill rat, ''Bunomys penitus'' ***

Long-headed hill rat The long-headed hill rat (''Bunomys prolatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Sulawesi, Indonesia, where it is only known from Mount Tambusisi. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It ...

, ''Bunomys prolatus'' ***

Tana Toraja hill rat The Tana Toraja hill rat (''Bunomys torajae'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the ...

, ''Bunomys torajae'' **Genus ''

Eropeplus The Sulawesi soft-furred rat (''Eropeplus canus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus ''Eropeplus''. It is found only in Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forest. It is t ...

'' (Sulawesian soft-furred rat) ***

Sulawesi soft-furred rat The Sulawesi soft-furred rat (''Eropeplus canus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus ''Eropeplus''. It is found only in Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forest. It is t ...

, ''Eropeplus canus'' **Genus '' Halmaheramys'' *** Spiny Boki Mekot rat, ''Halmaheramys bokimekot'' *** Wallace's large spiny rat, ''Halmaheramys wallacei'' **Genus ''

Komodomys The Komodo rat or Nusa Tenggara Komodomys, (''Komodomys rintjanus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found only in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia, in Rintja, Padar, Lomblen, and Pantar islands. Its natural habitat is subtropic ...

'' *** Komodo rat, ''Komodomys rintjanus'' **Genus '' Lenomys'' (trefoil-toothed rat) *** Trefoil-toothed giant rat, ''Lenomys meyeri'' **Genus ''

Papagomys ''Papagomys'' is a genus of very large rats in the tribe Rattini of the subfamily Murinae. It contains two species, which are known only from the Indonesian island of Flores:Musser and Carleton, 2005; Zijlstra et al., 2008; Aplin and Helgen, 2010 ...

'' - Flores giant rats ***

Flores giant rat The Flores giant rat (''Papagomys armandvillei'') is a rodent of the family Muridae that occurs on the island of Flores in Indonesia. It has been recorded in Rutong Protection Forest. The species is found in primary, secondary and disturbed for ...

, ''Papagomys armandvillei'' ***

Verhoeven's giant tree rat Verhoeven's giant tree rat (''Papagomys theodorverhoeveni'') is an extinct rat of subfamily Murinae that lived on Flores in Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the ...

, ''Papagomys theodorverhoeveni'' † ** Genus ''

Paruromys The Sulawesi giant rat (''Paruromys dominator'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is monotypic in the genus ''Paruromys''. The species is endemic to Sulawesi in Indonesia, where it inhabits forests at elevations from sea level to ...

'' (Sulawesian giant rat) *** Sulawesi giant rat, ''Paruromys dominator'' ** Genus '' Paulamys'' *** Flores long-nosed rat, ''Paulamys naso'' **Undescribed genus *** Timor rat, "''Rattus timorensis''" **Genus '' Sundamys'' - giant Sunda rats *** Annandale's rat, ''Sundamys annandalei'' *** Mountain giant Sunda rat, ''Sundamys infraluteus'' *** Bartels's rat, ''Sundamys maxi'' *** Müller's giant Sunda rat, ''Sundamys muelleri'' ** Genus ''

Taeromys ''Taeromys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae found exclusively in Sulawesi, Indonesia. It contains the following species: * Salokko rat (''Taeromys arcuatus'') * Lovely-haired rat (''Taeromys callitrichus'') * Celebes rat (''Taer ...

'' *** Salokko rat, ''Taeromys arcuatus'' *** Lovely-haired rat, ''Taeromys callitrichus'' *** Celebes rat, ''Taeromys celebensis'' *** Sulawesi montane rat, ''Taeromys hamatus'' *** Small-eared rat, ''Taeromys microbullatus'' *** Sulawesi forest rat, ''Taeromys punicans'' ***

Tondano rat The Tondano rat (''Taeromys taerae'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Indonesia. ''Taeromys taerae'' is found in the highlands of northeastern Sulawesi Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in ...

, ''Taeromys taerae'' *'' Dacnomys'' division ** Genus ''

Chiromyscus Fea's tree rat or Indochinese chiromyscus (''Chiromyscus chiropus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Yunnan (China), eastern Myanmar, northern Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ...

'' (Fea's tree rat) *** Fea's tree rat, ''Chiromyscus chiropus'' ** Genus '' Dacnomys'' (Large-toothed giant rat) *** Millard's rat, ''Dacnomys millardi'' ** Genus '' Lenothrix'' (Grey Tree Rat) *** Gray tree rat, ''Lenothrix canus'' ** Genus '' Leopoldamys'' - long-tailed giant rats ***

Sundaic mountain leopoldamys The Sundaic mountain leopoldamys (''Leopoldamys ciliatus'') is a species of rodent from the family Muridae. It was formerly considered a subspecies of Edwards's long-tailed giant rat, and it has one synonym: ''Leopoldamys setiger''. The Sundaic ...

or Sundaic Mountain long-tailed giant rat, ''Leopoldamys ciliatus'' *** Edwards's long-tailed giant rat, ''Leopoldamys edwardsi'' *** Millet's long-tailed giant rat, ''Leopoldamys milleti'' *** Neill's long-tailed giant rat, ''Leopoldamys neilli'' *** Long-tailed giant rat, ''Leopoldamys sabanus'' ***

Mentawai long-tailed giant rat The Mentawai long-tailed giant rat (''Leopoldamys siporanus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to the Mentawai Islands archipelago off the west coast of Sumatra, in Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tro ...

, ''Leopoldamys siporanus'' ** Genus ''

Margaretamys ''Margaretamys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Up until 1973, it was known from only few examples of one species. Then Guy G. Musser collected more examples of this species during his ...

'' - margareta rats *** Beccari's margareta rat, ''Margaretamys beccarii'' *** Christine's margareta rat, ''Margaretamys christinae'' ***

Elegant margareta rat The elegant margareta rat (''Margaretamys elegans'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and O ...

, ''Margaretamys elegans'' *** Little margareta rat, ''Margaretamys parvus'' ** Genus '' Niviventer'' - white-bellied rats *** Anderson's white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer andersoni'' *** Brahma white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer brahma'' *** Cameron Highlands white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer cameroni'' *** Chinese white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer confucianus'' *** Coxing's white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer coninga'' *** Dark-tailed tree rat, ''Niviventer cremoriventer'' *** Oldfield white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer culturatus'' *** Smoke-bellied rat, ''Niviventer eha'' *** Large white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer excelsior'' ***

Montane Sumatran white-bellied rat The montane Sumatran white-bellied rat (''Niviventer fraternus''), also known as the Montane Sumatran niviventer, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in the montane forests along the mountains of western Sumatra, Indonesia ...

, ''Niviventer fraternus'' *** Chestnut white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer fulvescens'' *** Limestone rat, ''Niviventer hinpoon'' *** Lang Bian white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer langbianis'' ***

Narrow-tailed white-bellied rat The narrow-tailed white-bellied rat (''Niviventer lepturus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between ...

, ''Niviventer lepturus'' *** Hainan white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer lotipes'' (formerly in ''N. tenaster'') *** White-bellied rat, ''Niviventer niviventer'' ***

Long-tailed mountain rat The long-tailed mountain rat (''Niviventer rapit'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to Borneo and found in Indonesia and Malaysia. Recorded at elevations of above sea level, it is a poorly known species but presumably ...

, ''Niviventer rapit'' *** Tenasserim white-bellied rat, ''Niviventer tenaster'' ** Genus '' Saxatilomys'' *** Paulina’s limestone rat, ''Saxatilomys paulinae'' ** Genus '' Tonkinomys'' *** Daovantien’s limestone rat, ''Tonkinomys daovantieni'' * ''

Echiothrix ''Echiothrix'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of ove ...

'' division ** Genus ''

'' *** Central Sulawesi echiothrix, ''Echiothrix centrosa'' ***

Northern Sulawesi echiothrix The Northern Sulawesi echiothrix or Sulawesi spiny rat (''Echiothrix leucura'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to northeastern Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country i ...

, ''Echiothrix leucura'' **Genus '' Gracilimus'' *** Sulawesi root rat, ''Gracilimus radix'' **Genus '' Hyorhinomys'' *** Hog-nosed shrew rat, ''Hyorhinomys stuempkei'' ** Genus '' Melasmothrix'' (Lesser Sulawesian Shrew Rat) *** Sulawesian shrew rat, ''Melasmothrix naso'' ** Genus '' Paucidentomys'' *** Edented Sulawesi rat, ''Paucidentomys vermidax'' ** Genus '' Sommeromys'' ***

Sommer's Sulawesi rat Sommer's Sulawesi rat (''Sommeromys macrorhinos'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae from Sulawesi. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Sommeromys'' and was described by Musser & Durden in 2002. Distribution ''S. macrorhi ...

, ''Sommeromys macrorhinos'' ** Genus ''

Tateomys ''Tateomys'' is a genus of rodent from Sulawesi. Both species have been classified as vulnerable by IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources ...

'' - greater Sulawesian shrew rats ***

Long-tailed shrew rat The long-tailed shrew rat (''Tateomys macrocercus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceani ...

, ''Tateomys macrocercus'' *** Tate's shrew rat, ''Tateomys rhinogradoides'' ** Genus '' Waiomys'' *** Sulawesi water rat, ''Waiomys mamasae'' *''

Maxomys ''Maxomys'' is a genus of rodents, widespread in Southeast Asia. They are mid-sized rodents, similar to rats, that live on the ground of tropical rainforests. There they build nests, padded with fallen leaves from trees. They feed on roots, fall ...

'' division ** Genus ''

Crunomys ''Crunomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae native to the Philippines and Sulawesi Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest islan ...

'' - Philippine and Sulawesian shrew rats *** Celebes shrew-rat, ''Crunomys celebensis'' *** Northern Luzon shrew-rat, ''Crunomys fallax'' *** Mindanao shrew-rat, ''Crunomys melanius'' *** Katanglad shrew-mouse, ''Crunomys suncoides'' ** Genus ''

'' (rajah rats) *** Mountain spiny rat, ''Maxomys alticola'' *** ''

Maxomys baeodon ''Maxomys baeodon'', also known as the small Bornean maxomys or small spiny rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is known only from Sarawak and Sabah in the Malaysian part of Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third ...

'' *** Bartels's spiny rat, ''Maxomys bartelsii'' ***

Dollman's spiny rat Dollman's spiny rat (''Maxomys dollmani'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pac ...

, ''Maxomys dollmani'' ***

Hellwald's spiny rat Hellwald's spiny rat (''Maxomys hellwaldii'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and ...

, ''Maxomys hellwaldii'' *** Sumatran spiny rat, ''Maxomys hylomyoides'' *** Malayan mountain spiny rat, ''Maxomys inas'' *** Fat-nosed spiny rat, ''Maxomys inflatus'' *** Mo's spiny rat, ''Maxomys moi'' ***

Musschenbroek's spiny rat Musschenbroek's spiny rat (''Maxomys musschenbroekii'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Indonesia. References

* Maxomys Mammals described in 1878 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Endemic fauna of Ind ...

, ''Maxomys musschenbroekii'' *** Chestnut-bellied spiny rat, ''Maxomys ochraceiventer'' *** Pagai spiny rat, ''Maxomys pagensis'' *** Palawan spiny rat, ''Maxomys panglima'' *** Rajah spiny rat, ''Maxomys rajah'' ***

Red spiny rat The red spiny rat (''Maxomys surifer'') is a rodent species in the family Muridae that inhabits forests in Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and on Java, Borneo and Sumatra islands. In China, it has been recorded only in Yunnan ...

, ''Maxomys surifer'' *** Watts's spiny rat, ''Maxomys wattsi'' ***

Whitehead's spiny rat Whitehead's spiny rat (''Maxomys whiteheadi'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a coun ...

, ''Maxomys whiteheadi'' * '' Micromys'' division (alternately considered a distinct tribe, Micromyini) ** Genus '' Micromys'' *** Indochinese harvest mouse, ''Micromys erythrotis'' *** Eurasian harvest mouse, ''Micromys minutus'' * ''

'' division ** Genus ''

Abditomys The Luzon broad-toothed rat (''Abditomys latidens'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to central and northern Luzon in the Philippines. It is the only member of the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic r ...

'' *** Luzon broad-toothed rat, ''Abditomys latidens'' ** Genus '' Baletemys'' *** Kampalili shrew-mouse, ''Baletemys kampalili'' ** Genus ''

Bandicota ''Bandicota'' is a genus of rodents from Asia known as the bandicoot rats. Their common name and genus name are derived from the Telugu language word ''pandikokku'' (పందికొక్కు). DNA studies have found the group to be a mon ...

'' - bandicoot rats *** Lesser bandicoot rat, ''Bandicota bengalensis'' *** Greater bandicoot rat, ''Bandicota indica'' *** Savile's bandicoot rat, ''Bandicota savilei'' ** Genus '' Diplothrix'' *** Ryukyu long-tailed giant rat, ''Diplothrix legatus'' ** Genus '' Kadarsanomys'' *** Sody's tree rat, ''Kadarsanomys sodyi'' ** Genus ''

Limnomys ''Limnomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to Mindanao, Philippines. It contains the following species: * Gray-bellied mountain rat (''Limnomys bryophilus'') * Mindanao mountain rat The Mindanao mountain rat or long-taile ...

'' ***

Gray-bellied mountain rat The gray-bellied mountain rat, also known as the gray-bellied limnomys and the buffy-collared moss-mouse (''Limnomys bryophilus''), is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in the Philippines, where it is common at high ele ...

, ''Limnomys bryophilus'' ***

Mindanao mountain rat The Mindanao mountain rat or long-tailed moss mouse (''Limnomys sibuanus''), is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in the Philippines, where it is present at high altitudes in the Kitanglad Mountain Range on the island o ...

, ''Limnomys sibuanus'' ** Genus '' Nesokia'' (Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat) *** Bunn's short-tailed bandicoot rat, ''Nesokia bunnii'' *** Short-tailed bandicoot rat, ''Nesokia indica'' ** Genus ''

Nesoromys The Ceram rat (''Nesoromys ceramicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Seram Island, Indonesia, where it has been recorded on Mount Mansuela Mount is often used as part of the name of specific mountains, e.g. M ...

'' ***

Ceram rat The Ceram rat (''Nesoromys ceramicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Seram Island, Indonesia, where it has been recorded on Mount Mansuela Mount is often used as part of the name of specific mountains, e.g. ...

, ''Nesoromys ceramicus'' ** Genus '' Palawanomys'' (Palawan rat) *** Palawan soft-furred mountain rat, ''Palawanomys furvus'' ** Genus ''

'' - typical rats *** ''

incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...

'' **** Enggano rat, ''Rattus enganus'' **** Philippine forest rat, ''Rattus everetti'' ****

Polynesian rat The Polynesian rat, Pacific rat or little rat (''Rattus exulans''), known to the Māori as ''kiore'', is the third most widespread species of rat in the world behind the brown rat and black rat. The Polynesian rat originated in Southeast Asia, ...

, ''Rattus exulans'' **** Hainald's rat, ''Rattus hainaldi'' **** Hoogerwerf's rat, ''Rattus hoogerwerfi'' **** Korinch's rat, ''Rattus korinchi'' **** †

Maclear's rat Maclear's rat (''Rattus macleari'') is an extinct large rat Endemism, endemic to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. It was one of two species of rat native to Christmas Island, alongside the bulldog rat. Abundant, unfamiliar with and seemingly ...

, ''Rattus macleari'' **** Nillu rat, ''Rattus montanus'' ****

Molaccan prehensile-tailed rat The Molaccan prehensile-tailed rat (''Rattus morotaiensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in the Halmahera Islands of Indonesia, including Morotai, Halmahera, and Batjan The Bacan Islands, formerly also know ...

, ''Rattus morotaiensis'' **** †

Bulldog rat The bulldog rat (''Rattus nativitatis'') is an extinct species of rat formerly endemic to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. It was one of two rats endemic to Christmas Island, alongside Maclear's rat. Description The head and body length ...

, ''Rattus nativitatis'' ****

Kerala rat The Kerala rat or Ranjini’s field rat, (''Rattus ranjiniae'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found only in Kerala, India. In Kerala, it is known only from fragmented locations in Alappuzha, Thrissur, and Thiruvananthapuram. Its na ...

, ''Rattus ranjiniae'' **** New Ireland forest rat, ''Rattus sanila'' **** Andaman rat, ''Rattus stoicus'' *** ''R. norvegicus'' group **** Himalayan field rat, ''Rattus nitidus'' ****

Brown rat The brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat and Parisian rat, is a widespread species of common rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown o ...

or Norway rat, ''Rattus norvegicus'' **** Turkestan rat, ''Rattus pyctoris'' *** ''R. rattus'' group **** Sunburned rat, ''Rattus adustus'' **** Sikkim rat, ''Rattus andamanensis'' **** Ricefield rat, ''Rattus argentiventer'' **** Summit rat, ''Rattus baluensis'' **** Aceh rat, ''Rattus blangorum'' ****

Nonsense rat The nonsense rat, Nicobar Archipelago rat, or Miller's Nicobar rat (''Rattus burrus'') is endemic to the Nicobar Islands in India. It lives on Great Nicobar, Little Nicobar, and Trinket islands. On Car Nicobar Island, ''Rattus palmarum'' and ''Ra ...

, ''Rattus burrus'' **** Hoffmann's rat, ''Rattus hoffmanni'' **** Koopman's rat, ''Rattus koopmani'' **** Lesser ricefield rat, ''Rattus losea'' **** Mentawai rat, ''Rattus lugens'' **** Mindoro black rat, ''Rattus mindorensis'' ****

Little soft-furred rat The little soft-furred rat (''Rattus mollicomulus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only on the upper slopes of Mount Lampobattang in Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It gets its name from its soft, silky f ...

, ''Rattus mollicomulus'' **** Osgood's rat, ''Rattus osgoodi'' **** Palm rat, ''Rattus palmarum'' **** Black rat, ''Rattus rattus'' **** Little Indochinese field rat, ''Rattus sakeratensis'' **** Sahyadris forest rat, ''Rattus satarae'' **** Simalur rat, ''Rattus simalurensis'' **** Tanezumi rat, ''Rattus tanezumi'' **** Tawitawi forest rat, ''Rattus tawitawiensis'' ****

Malayan field rat The Malayan field rat, Malaysian field rat or Malaysian wood rat, (''Rattus tiomanicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is nocturnal and mainly arboreal and is found in Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines. It is a ...

, ''Rattus tiomanicus'' *** ''R. xanthurus'' group **** Bonthain rat, ''Rattus bontanus''; obs. ''Rattus foramineus'' **** Lore Lindu xanthurus rat, ''Rattus facetus'' **** Opossum rat, ''Rattus marmosurus'' **** Peleng rat, ''Rattus pelurus'' **** Southeastern xanthurus rat, ''Rattus salocco'' ****

Yellow-tailed rat The yellow-tailed rat (''Rattus xanthurus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in northeastern Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania ...

, ''Rattus xanthurus'' *** ''R. leucopus'' group (New Guinean group) ****

Vogelkop mountain rat The Vogelkop mountain rat, ''Rattus arfakiensis'', is a species of rat native to Indonesia. It is found only in the Bird's Head Peninsula (possibly throughout the Arfak Mountains) of Papua Province Papua is a province of Indonesia, compr ...

, ''Rattus arfakiensis'' ****

Western New Guinea mountain rat The western New Guinea mountain rat (''Rattus arrogans'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of ...

, ''Rattus arrogans'' **** Manus Island spiny rat, ''Rattus detentus'' **** Sula rat, ''Rattus elaphinus'' ****

Spiny Ceram rat The spiny Ceram rat (''Rattus feliceus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Seram, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian a ...

, ''Rattus feliceus'' **** Giluwe rat, ''Rattus giluwensis'' **** Japen rat, ''Rattus jobiensis'' ****

Cape York rat The Cape York rat (''Rattus leucopus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and g ...

, ''Rattus leucopus'' **** Eastern rat, ''Rattus mordax'' **** Gag Island rat, ''Rattus nikenii'' **** Moss-forest rat, ''Rattus niobe'' **** New Guinean rat, ''Rattus novaeguineae'' **** Arianus's rat, ''Rattus omichlodes'' **** Pocock’s highland rat, ''Rattus pococki'' **** Large New Guinea spiny rat, ''Rattus praetor'' **** Glacier rat, ''Rattus richardsoni'' **** Stein's rat, ''Rattus steini'' **** Van Deusen's rat, ''Rattus vandeuseni'' ****

Slender rat The slender rat (''Rattus verecundus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in West Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Names It is known as sjang in the Kalam language of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (ab ...

, ''Rattus verecundus'' *** ''R. fuscipes'' group (Australian group) ****

Dusky rat The dusky rat (''Rattus colletti'') is an indigenous species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Australia. Name Kunwinjku people of western Arnhem Land call this animal ''mulbbu'', a name also applied to other rodent species. It was firs ...

, ''Rattus colletti'' ****

Bush rat The bush rat or Australian bush rat (''Rattus fuscipes'') is a small Australian nocturnal animal. It is an omnivore and one of the most common indigenous species of rat on the continent, found in many heathland areas of Victoria and New South ...

, ''Rattus fuscipes'' ****

Australian swamp rat The Australian swamp rat (''Rattus lutreolus''), also known as the eastern swamp rat, is a species of rat native to the coasts of southern and eastern Australia. Description The Australian swamp rat grows to have a body length of approximately ...

, ''Rattus lutreolus'' **** Dusky field rat, ''Rattus sordidus'' ****

Pale field rat The pale field rat (''Rattus tunneyi'') is a small rat endemic to Australia. It is a nocturnal and herbivorous rodent that resides throughout the day in shallow burrows made in loose sand. Once widespread, the range has become greatly reduced an ...

, ''Rattus tunneyi'' **** Long-haired rat, ''Rattus villosissimus'' ** Genus ''

Tarsomys ''Tarsomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae found exclusively in Mindanao, Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bi ...

'' ***

Long-footed rat The long-footed rat (''Tarsomys apoensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in the highlands of Mindanao, Philippines, including Mount Apo, Mount Kitanglad Mount Kitanglad is an inactive volcano located in the ...

, ''Tarsomys apoensis'' ***

Spiny long-footed rat The spiny long-footed rat (''Tarsomys echinatus''), also known as the Mindanao spiny rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Mindanao, Philippines, in Bukidnon Bukidnon(), officially the Province of Bukidnon ( c ...

, ''Tarsomys echinatus'' ** Genus ''

Tryphomys The Luzon short-nosed rat (''Tryphomys adustus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus ''Tryphomys''. It is found only in the Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officia ...

'' (Mearn's Luzon Rat) *** Luzon short-nosed rat, ''Tryphomys adustus'' *'' Srilankamys'' division **Genus '' Srilankamys'' (Ceylonese rats) *** Ohiya rat, ''Srilankamys ohiensis'' *Unknown division **Genus '' Anonymomys'' (Mindoro rat) *** Mindoro climbing rat, ''Anonymomys mindorensis''

References

{{Taxonbar, from= Q18706623 Old World rats and mice Mammal tribes Taxa named by Gilbert Thomas Burnett