''Rapala'' is a genus of
butterflies
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...
in the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...
Deudorigini
The Deudorigini are a tribe of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.
Genera
As not all Theclinae have been assigned to tribes, the following list of genera is preliminary:
* ''Araotes''
* '' Artipe''
* ''Bindahara''
*_''Capys_(butterfly).html ...
of the subfamily
Theclinae
The subfamily Theclinae is a group of butterflies, often referred to as hairstreaks, with some species instead known as elfins or by other names. The group is part of the family Lycaenidae, the "gossamer-winged butterflies". There are many tropi ...
of the family
Lycaenidae
Lycaenidae is the second-largest family of butterflies (behind Nymphalidae, brush-footed butterflies), with over 6,000 species worldwide, whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies. They constitute about 30% of the known butterfl ...
. They are found throughout
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.;;;;;;;; ...
and
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
, with a few species extending to
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
and into the eastern
Palaearctic
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa.
The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...
region.
Males of ''Rapala'' are differentiated from other
genera
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...
in the Deudorigini by their
genitalia
A sex organ (or reproductive organ) is any part of an animal or plant that is involved in sexual reproduction. The reproductive organs together constitute the reproductive system. In animals, the testis in the male, and the ovary in the female, a ...
, with the conjoined
valvae tapering evenly to rounded apices. The male secondary sexual characters also differ. In every species there is a brand above the origin of vein seven and lying wholly within space seven, clothed with very small scent scales, and nearly always there is an associated erectile hair tuft on the forewing dorsum beneath.
Almost all species exhibit
sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is the condition where the sexes of the same animal and/or plant species exhibit different morphological characteristics, particularly characteristics not directly involved in reproduction. The condition occurs in most ani ...
in the colour of the upperside; normally the male is red, reddish brown or deep blue, while the female is dark brown or pale purple blue.
Selected species
* ''
Rapala arata''
(Bremer, 1861)
* ''
Rapala cassidyi''
* ''
Rapala christopheri''
(Lane & Müller, 2006)
* ''
Rapala dioetas''
* ''
Rapala diopites''
* ''
Rapala iarbus''
* ''
Rapala lankana''
* ''
Rapala melampus''
* ''
Rapala manea''
(Hewitson, 863
__NOTOC__
Year 863 ( DCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Byzantine Empire
* September 3 – Battle of Lalakaon: A Byzantine army confronts ...
* ''
Rapala melida''
* ''
Rapala nemorensis''
Oberthür, 1914
* ''
Rapala repercussa''
Leech, 1890
* ''
Rapala rhoecus''
* ''
Rapala schistacea''
* ''
Rapala scintilla''
* ''
Rapala selira''
* ''
Rapala sphinx
''Rapala sphinx'', the brilliant flash, is a species of lycaenid or blue butterfly found in Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontine ...
''
* ''
Rapala suffusa
''Rapala suffusa'', the suffused flash, is a lycaenid or blue butterfly found in Myanmar, northern India, Assam, Thailand, Indochina and Palawan. The species was first described by Frederic Moore
Frederic Moore FZS (13 May 1830 – 10 May ...
''
* ''
Rapala tomokoae''
H. Hayashi, Schrőder & Treadaway, 978
Year 978 ( CMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* Battle of Pankaleia: Rebel forces under General Bardas Skleros are defeated ...
/small>
* '' Rapala varuna''
References
External links
Images representing ''Rapala''at
Consortium for the Barcode of Life
The Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) was an international initiative dedicated to supporting the development of DNA barcoding as a global standard for species identification. CBOL's Secretariat Office is hosted by the National Museum of ...
"''Rapala'' Moore,
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''
Rapala (butterfly)">
Lycaenidae genera">881]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''
Rapala (butterfly)">
Lycaenidae genera
Taxa named by Frederic Moore
{{Theclinae-stub