Ramón Carnicer i Batlle (October 24, 1789 – March 17, 1855) was a

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...

composer and opera conductor, today best known for composing the

National Anthem of Chile The "National Anthem of Chile" ( es, Himno Nacional de Chile, ), also known as "" (; ) or by its incipit "" ('How pure, Chile, is your blue sky'), was adopted in 1828. It has a history of two lyrics and two melodies that made up three differe ...

Biography

Carnicer was born in

Tàrrega Tàrrega is a town and municipality located in the Urgell comarca, Province of Lleida, Catalonia. According to the 2020 census ( Statistical Institute of Catalonia), the town has a population of 17,445. The village has a Mediterranean climate wi ...

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

. He was a pupil of

Francesc Queralt Francesc (sometimes Francisco) Queralt (1740 - 28 February 1825) was a Spanish composer, long active in Barcelona. A native of Les Borges Blanques, Queralt was for many years the ''maestro di capilla'' of Barcelona Cathedral. Greatly respected as ...

. His first major positions were as conductor for the

opera Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a librett ...

, and he was influential in the development of the Spanish national opera style, ''

zarzuela () is a Spanish lyric-dramatic genre that alternates between spoken and sung scenes, the latter incorporating operatic and popular songs, as well as dance. The etymology of the name is uncertain, but some propose it may derive from the name of ...

''. He conducted the Italian Opera in

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...

from 1818 to 1820, and the Royal Opera in

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

from 1828 to 1830, as well as composing nine operas. In 1830, he accepted a position as professor of composition at the

Madrid Conservatory The Madrid Royal Conservatory ( es, Real Conservatorio Superior de Música de Madrid) is a music college in Madrid, Spain. History The Royal Conservatory of Music was founded on July 15, 1830, by royal decree, and was originally located in Mosten ...

, which he would retain until his retirement in 1854. He composed a variety of songs, church music, and symphonies; his best-remembered composition today being the

. He died in Madrid in 1855.

Works

Opera

Some of his operas are lost, but are known from references in documents of the period. However the authorship of several of the pieces is not fully clear. * ''Adele di Lusignano: Melodramma semiserio'' (1819), Opera in Italian, in two acts * ''Elena e Costantino: Dramma eroico-comico in due atti'' (1821, premiered again in 2005), Opera in Italian, libretto by

Andrea Leone Tottola Andrea Leone Tottola (died 15 September 1831) was a prolific Italian librettist, best known for his work with Gaetano Donizetti and Gioachino Rossini. It is not known when or where he was born. He became the official poet to the royal theatres ...

* ''Il dissoluto punito, ossia Don Giovanni Tenorio'' (1822, premiered again in 2006), Opera in Italian, in two acts, libretto by Giovanni Bertati. * ''Elena e Malvina'' (1827), Opera in two acts * ''

Cristoforo Colombo Christopher Columbus * lij, Cristoffa C(or)ombo * es, link=no, Cristóbal Colón * pt, Cristóvão Colombo * ca, Cristòfor (or ) * la, Christophorus Columbus. (; born between 25 August and 31 October 1451, died 20 May 1506) was a ...

'' (1829), Opera * ''Eufemio di Messina'' (1832), Opera * ''

Guglielmo Tell ''William Tell'' (french: Guillaume Tell, link=no; it, Guglielmo Tell, link=no) is a French-language opera in four acts by Italian composer Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Victor-Joseph Étienne de Jouy and L. F. Bis, based on Friedrich S ...

'' (1834), Opera * ''Eran due or sono tre, o sea, Gli esposti'' (1836), Opera buffa in two acts. Libretto by Jacopo Ferretti * ''Ismalia o Morte ed amore'' (1838), Opera in two acts * ''Laura y Don Gonzalo'' (1841), òpera in 4 acts. Music attributed to Carnicer. Libretto attributed to Manuel Bretón de los Herreros * ''Ipermestra'' (1843), drama in three acts. Words by

Pietro Metastasio Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782), better known by his pseudonym of Pietro Metastasio (), was an Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of '' opera seria'' libretti. Early life Me ...

. Authorship discussed * ''Lucrezia Borgia''. Attributed opera, some believe he only collaborated in the composition * ''El sacristán de Toledo'', opera. It's said he had only collaborated, composing incidental music

Instrumental

* ''Fantasía en mi bemol mayor'', for clarinet * ''Gran sinfonía en Re'' (1839) * ''Fantasía original para clarinete con acompañamiento de piano'' (1849) * ''Capricho para contrabajo con acompañamiento de piano'' (1852) (Capricho for doublebass with piano accompaniment) * ''Melodía fantástica con acompañamiento de piano'' * ''Sinfonía oriental'' * ''Solo de flauta'' (solo for flute) * ''Salmòdia'' for organ * ''6 Sonates per instrument de tecla * ''Obertura (sinfonía)'' Composed for the premier of the opera ''Il barbiere di Siviglia'' by Rossini in Barcelona (1818) * A second overture for that same opera

Vocal

* ''El caramba: canción andaluza'' (ca. 1832), Voice and piano or guitar * ''Completas Fratres a 4 v.'', 4 voices, 6 instruments, accompaniment and continuo * ''La criada: canción española'' (ca. 1832), voice, guitar and piano * ''El currillo: canción andaluza'' (ca. 1835), voice, guitar and piano * ''La gitanilla'' (ca. 1831), song for voice, guitar and piano * ''Himno a los defensores de Gandesa'' (1838). * ''Himno patrio de la República de Chile'' (1828) * ''Himno patriótico, con motivo de la publicación del Estatuto Real'' (1834) * ''Himno patriótico ara elcumpleaños de la Reina Doña Isabel II'' (1835) * ''El julepe: polo'' (1823), song for voice and guitar * ''Misa de Réquiem'' (1929), 4 voices and orchestra, in Latin. For Maria Josepha Amalia de Saxony, Ferdinand VII third wife * ''Misa de Réquiem'' (1842), 4 voices and orchestra, in Latin * ''Misa solemne'' (entre 1806 i 1808), 8 voices and orchestra * ''El músico y el poeta (Los maestros de la Raboso),

tonadilla Tonadilla was a Spanish musical song form of theatrical origin; not danced. The genre was a type of short, satirical musical comedy popular in 18th-century Spain, and later in Cuba and other Spanish colonial countries. It originated as a song type, ...

a dúo'' * ''El no sé'', song for voice, guitar and piano * ''La noticia feliz: polo y seguidillas'' (1823), song for voice, guitar and piano * ''El nuevo sereni'' (1825), song for voice, guitar and piano or guitar * ''Odas de Anacreonte'' (1832), text original grec d'Anacreont i traducció castellana de José del Castillo y Ayensa, comprèn les cançons per a veu i piano ''De si mismo'', ''A una muchacha'' i ''Del amor y la abeja'' Editada modernament en text original i traduccions catalana i castellana. Barcelona: Tritó, 1997 * ''El poder de las mugeres: canción española con acompañamiento de piano y guitarra'' (1836) * ''Psalmodia que contiene todos los tonos'' (1818) * ''Tantum Ergo'' * ''Tonadilla de la cantinera'' (1813) * ''Vigilias con orquesta para las exequias de Fernando VII'' (1833), in Latin * ''El chairo: canción española cantada en la ópera "El barbero de Sevilla"'' (1833), lyrics by Agustín Azcona

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carnicer, Ramon 1789 births 1855 deaths 19th-century classical composers 19th-century Spanish composers 19th-century Spanish male musicians Composers from Catalonia Conductors (music) from Catalonia Opera composers from Catalonia Male conductors (music) Male opera composers National anthem writers People from Tàrrega Spanish classical composers Spanish male classical composers Spanish opera composers Spanish Romantic composers