''Ramosmania'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of two

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

of small

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...

s in the family Rubiaceae; one is

extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...

. Both species are endemic to the island of

Rodrigues Rodrigues (french: Île Rodrigues, link=yes ; Creole: ) is a autonomous outer island of the Republic of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, about east of Mauritius. It is part of the Mascarene Islands, which include Mauritius and Réunion. Rodr ...

Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label=Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It incl ...

Species

The genus comprises two species: * '' Ramosmania rodriguesi'' * †'' Ramosmania heterophylla'' (extinct)

Cytology

The diploid chromosome count of ''Ramosmania rodriguesi'' is 2n = 22.Kiehn, M., & Berger, A. (2023)
"New chromosome counts on Rubiaceae from Africa and the Western Indian Ocean islands."
Nordic Journal of Botany, e03732.

Conservation

The only remaining species, ''Ramosmania rodriguesi'', was re-discovered by a schoolboy in 1979.Smith, P. (2023, June 1). The loneliest tree in the world. Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved June 30, 2023, from https://www.bgci.org/news-events/the-loneliest-tree-in-the-world/ After its rediscovery, the local population repeatedly cut off branches of the only remaining tree. To prevent its extinction, cuttings were sent to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Vegetative propagation was successful, however generative reproduction was not possible, as only functionally male flowers were formed. Later, it was discovered that heat stress could induce the formation of female flowers, which were then successfully pollinated.Seynsche, M. (2009, August 5). Kaffee mit Todessehnsucht. Deutschlandfunk. Retrieved June 30, 2023, from https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/kaffee-mit-todessehnsucht-100.html Cultivated plants have been reintroduced to Rodrigues, but it is still classified as Critically Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.World Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1998. ''Ramosmania rodriguesii''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T33659A9801264. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T33659A9801264.en. Accessed on 30 June 2023.

References

External links

* * Rubiaceae genera Octotropideae Flora of Mauritius Endemic flora of Mauritius Flora of Rodrigues Endemic flora of Rodrigues {{Ixoroideae-stub