Ralph Frederick Peo (May 3, 1897 – November 29, 1966) was an American inventor, engineer, business executive in the

automobile industry The automotive industry comprises a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles. It is one of the world's largest industries by revenue (from 16 % such ...

, and the holder of 150 patents. He was founder of Frontier Industries in

Buffalo, New York Buffalo is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of New York (behind only New York City) and the seat of Erie County. It is at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River, and is across the Canadian border from South ...

and was CEO of

Houdaille Industries Houdaille Industries was a diversified manufacturing company which produced automotive products, industrial products, machine tools, construction materials and contracting. The company had its beginnings in Buffalo, New York, in 1919, where the ...

from 1955 to 1962 and chairman of the board from 1956 to 1964. A pioneer in the development of the automobile

shock absorber A shock absorber or damper is a mechanical or hydraulic device designed to absorb and damp shock impulses. It does this by converting the kinetic energy of the shock into another form of energy (typically heat) which is then dissipated. Most sh ...

, Peo invented the first thermostatically controlled shock absorber. He also invented one of the earliest air conditioners for use in automobiles.

Early life

Peo was born in

Rochester, New York Rochester () is a City (New York), city in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York, the county seat, seat of Monroe County, New York, Monroe County, and the fourth-most populous in the state after New York City, Buffalo, New York, Buffalo, ...

, the oldest of three sons of Julien Frederick Peo and Flora (VanSchaick) Peo. The Peo family had come to America from France in 1832 and settled in

Jefferson County, New York Jefferson County is a county on the northern border of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,721. Its county seat is Watertown. The county is named after Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United Stat ...

. The French spelling of the family surname was Peillot. His father encouraged him to work creatively with his hands. He had a workshop with many valuable tools in the basement of their home on Richard Street, Rochester. He attended Rochester Public School No. 15 and The Mechanics Institute of Rochester where he graduated in 1915 with a mechanical engineering degree.

Career

After college, he went to

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at th ...

Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the ...

to gain experience in the automobile industry. In Detroit he worked for

Oakland Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast port, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third largest city overall in the Bay A ...

, Dodge and Ford Motor Companies. He became acquainted with

Charles F. Kettering Charles Franklin Kettering (August 29, 1876 – November 25, 1958) sometimes known as Charles Fredrick Kettering was an American inventor, engineer, businessman, and the holder of 186 patents. For the list of patents issued to Kettering, see, Le ...

of General Motors, who he regarded as the greatest American inventor in the automotive field. He worked in the Detroit auto industry for nine years until 1924 when he relocated to

to become the assistant chief engineer at the

American Radiator Company The American Radiator Company was established in 1892 by the merger of a number of North American radiator manufacturers. The company expanded in the early 20th century into Europe under the brand National Radiator Company. In 1929, it amalgam ...

. In October 1927 Henry Ford wrote to A.B. Schultz, president of the Houde Engineering Corporation of Buffalo, manufactures of Houdaille shock absorbers. Ford told Schultz that if he hired 30 year old Peo to supervise production at the Buffalo plant, then Ford would install Houdaille shock absorbers on every Ford automobile manufactured. Houde Engineering was acquired by the Houdaille-Hershey Corporation and Peo became Executive Vice President of Houdaille-Hershey and president of the Buffalo Division. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

he continued to manage the Buffalo Houdaille operations as well as the Buffalo Arms, Incorporated, a newly formed subsidiary of Houdaille-Hershey, which manufactured machine guns. He was known to be a production wizard. His motto was "get it done". After WWII, he resigned from Houdaille and formed Frontier Industries by putting together a group of four diversified manufacturing companies, Buffalo Arms, Buffalo Crushed Stone, Fairmount Tool and Forging Company of Cleveland, Ohio, and Manzel Brothers, manufactures of lubricating machines. In 1955 Frontier Industries merged with Detroit-based Houdaille-Hershey. Peo became CEO, the corporate name was changed to Houdaille Industries and the corporate headquarters was moved to Buffalo. By the end of 1961 Peo had developed Houdaille into a national business leader in the construction materials, automotive parts, and industrial tools & machinery industries with over $80 million in annual sales, over 60 business locations in the United States and Canada and 9,783 shareholders. Peo retired as CEO in 1962 and continued as Chairman of the Board until 1964, when he became Chairman Emeritus.

Personal life

Peo was an avid gardener. At one time he cultivated over 100,000 tulips in his garden at his Buffalo home. He also had a life long passion for boating. In his youth he would paddle a small boat along the shores of Lake Ontario, near Rochester, and sing to onlookers to earn spending money. As an adult, he purchased larger watercraft, the largest, a 60 foot yacht named HI Lady (for Houdaille Industries). Later in life he owned a 50+ foot Hatteras yacht named the BarBeth IV (for his daughters). In 1917 Peo married Magdeline Heath who died in 1942 at age 48. They had one son, Jack Heath Peo (1919–1968). In 1943 he married Ethelmay Brent (1909–1971) and they had two daughters. He died in Buffalo on November 29, 1966.

Awards, honors and community activities

* 1955

University of Buffalo The State University of New York at Buffalo, commonly called the University at Buffalo (UB) and sometimes called SUNY Buffalo, is a public research university with campuses in Buffalo and Amherst, New York. The university was founded in 1846 ...

outstanding businessman of the Niagara Frontier * 1957

Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) is a private university, private research university in the town of Henrietta, New York, Henrietta in the Rochester, New York, metropolitan area. The university offers undergraduate and graduate degree ...

alumnus of the year * Chairman of the Board of the New York Higher Education Assistance Corporation * Chairman of the Buffalo Branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York

Patents

* ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: November 11, 1930 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: March 31, 1931 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: April 5, 1932 * ''Automobile Shock Absorber'', Issued: October 11, 1932 * ''Thermostatic valve for Shock Absorber'', Issued: October 11, 1932 * ''Joint for Automobile'', Issued: October 11, 1932 * ''Coupling for Moving Members'', Issued: October 11, 1932 * ''Sway prevention device'', Issued: October 11, 1932 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: October 25, 1932 * ''Shifting Device'', Issued: April 25, 1933 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: May 23, 1933 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: August 1, 1933 * ''Controller for Shock Absorbers'', Issued: October 10, 1933 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: November 28, 1933 * ''Method of Making Pistons for Shock Absorbers'', Issued: December 26, 1933 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 19, 1934 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 11, 1935 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 11, 1935 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 11, 1935 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 11, 1935 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 18, 1935 * ''Link'', Issued: June 18, 1935 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 25, 1935 * ''Thermostatic valve Structure for Hydraulic Shock Absorbers'', Issued: June 25, 1935 * ''Individual Wheel Suspension'', Issued: November 5, 1935 * ''Valve Mechanism'', Issued: November 19, 1935 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: November 19, 1935 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: January 21, 1936 * ''Link Assembly'', Issued: April 7, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: April 21, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: April 21, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: April 28, 1936 * ''Individual Wheel Suspension'', Issued: April 28, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: April 28, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 9, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: June 9, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: September 15, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: September 15, 1936 * ''Automatic Tire Inflation Attachment'', Issued: September 29, 1936 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: December 8, 1936 * ''Joint'', Issued: January 5, 1937 * ''Bearing Sleeve and Joint Assembly'', Issued: April 20, 1937 * ''Deflector for Automotive Vehicles'', Issued: April 20, 1937 * ''Thermostatic Valve Assembly'', Issued: May 11, 1937 * ''Valving Assembly for Hydraulic Shock Absorbers'', Issued: July 6, 1937 * ''Valving Assembly for Hydraulic Shock Absorbers'', Issued: August 10, 1937 * ''Valving Assembly for Hydraulic Shock Absorbers'', Issued: August 10, 1937 * ''Valving Assembly for Hydraulic Shock Absorbers'', Issued: August 10, 1937 * ''Link'', Issued: August 24, 1937 * ''Connecting Link'', Issued: October 12, 1937 * ''Valving Assembly for Hydraulic Shock Absorbers'', Issued: October 19, 1937 * ''Joint'', Issued: October 19, 1937 * ''Air Cooling Unit for Automobile Vehicles'', Issued: November 16, 1937 * ''Valving Assembly for Hydraulic Shock Absorbers'', Issued: November 30, 1937 * ''Governor Clutch'', Issued: February 8, 1938 * ''Automobile Air Conditioning System'', Issued: May 3, 1938 * ''Air Conditioning Evaporator'', Issued: May 10, 1938 * ''Link'', Issued: July 5, 1938 * ''Link Assembly'', Issued: August 9, 1938 * ''Oil Separator for Evaporators'', Issued: December 6, 1938 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber Valve Structure'', Issued: December 13, 1938 * ''Refrigerating System'', Issued: June 13, 1939 * ''Dry Ice Air Conditioning Unit for Vehicles'', Issued: June 13, 1939 * ''Dry Ice Air Conditioner'', Issued: September 5, 1939 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: September 19, 1939 * ''Air Conditioning System for Automobiles'', Issued: November 21, 1939 * ''Roof Mounted Air Conditioner'', Issued: December 5, 1939 * ''Link Assembly'', Issued: December 26, 1939 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: March 19, 1940 * ''Independent Wheel Suspension'', Issued: June 4, 1940 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: September 23, 1941 * ''Hydraulic Shock Absorber'', Issued: November 4, 1941 * ''Control Device for Refrigerating Systems'', Issued: February 17, 1942 * ''Thermostatic Bypass Valve'', Issued: November 10, 1942

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Peo, Ralph F. 1897 births 1966 deaths People from Rochester, New York Rochester Institute of Technology alumni Burials at Forest Lawn Cemetery (Buffalo) Businesspeople from Buffalo, New York American industrialists 20th-century American inventors 20th-century American engineers People in the automobile industry 20th-century American businesspeople American chairpersons of corporations