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The ''Raccolta'' (literally, "collection" in
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance language
*** Regional Ita ...
), is a book, published in many editions from 1807 to 1952, that collected the texts of
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
prayers and briefly described other acts of piety, such as visiting and praying in particular churches, for which specific
indulgence
In the teaching of the Catholic Church, an indulgence (, from , 'permit') is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins". The '' Catechism of the Catholic Church'' describes an indulgence as "a remission before God o ...
s were granted by
pope
The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...
s. In 1968, it was replaced by a considerably altered edition, the ''
Enchiridion Indulgentiarum
In the teaching of the Catholic Church, an indulgence (, from , 'permit') is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins". The ''Catechism of the Catholic Church'' describes an indulgence as "a remission before God of ...
'', listing fewer specific prayers but including new general grants that apply to a wide range of prayerful actions. The earliest editions were published in
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance language
*** Regional Ita ...
, with the prayers themselves given in
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
, Italian, or both languages. Beginning with the 1929 edition, the ''Raccolta'' was published in Latin, with the prayers themselves given in Latin, Italian, or to a lesser degree,
French,
Spanish
Spanish might refer to:
* Items from or related to Spain:
**Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain
**Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries
**Spanish cuisine
Other places
* Spanish, Ontario, Can ...
,
English
English usually refers to:
* English language
* English people
English may also refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England
** English national ide ...
, and
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
** Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
.
History
The name "''Raccolta''" is an abbreviation of the full Italian title of the earliest editions: ''Raccolta di orazioni e pie opere per le quali sono state concesse dai Sommi Pontefici le Sante Indulgenze'' ("Collection of Prayers and Pious Works for Which Holy Indulgences Have Been Conceded by the Supreme Pontiffs"). This title (with some minor differences between separate editions) applied to the various editions from 1807 to 1898. The first of these was published in 1807 by Telesforo Galli, in association with the Sacred
Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics
The Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics ( la, Congregatio indulgentiarum et sacrarum reliquiarum) was a body of the Roman Curia, created in 1669 and suppressed in 1904.
History
Pope Clement IX established the Congregation for Indulgence ...
, with eleven successive editions in 1810, 1812, 1814, 1818, 1825, 1831, 1834, 1837, 1841, 1844 and 1849. Following official approval by a Decree of 15 December 1854, later editions were issued directly as publications of the
Holy See
The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome ...
by the Sacred Congregation of Indulgences and Holy Relics
(which in the reform of the
Roman Curia by
Pope Pius X
Pope Pius X ( it, Pio X; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death in August 1914. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of C ...
was united with the
Sacred Congregation of Rites
The Sacred Congregation of Rites was a congregation of the Roman Curia, erected on 22 January 1588 by Pope Sixtus V by '' Immensa Aeterni Dei''; it had its functions reassigned by Pope Paul VI on 8 May 1969.
The Congregation was charged with the ...
).
A general revision was carried out in 1877, declaring that the revision alone was from then on authoritative. Later editions of this were produced in 1886 and 1898.
The subsequent 1929 edition was titled: ''Collectio precum piorumque operum quibus romani pontifices in favorem omnium christifidelium aut quorumdam coetuum personarum indulgentias adnexuerunt ab anno 1899 ad 1928'' ("Collection of Prayers and Pious Works to Which the Roman Pontiffs, for the Sake of All the Christian Faithful or Certain Groups of Persons, Have Added Indulgences, from the Year 1899 to 1928"). With this version, the main language of the text shifted from Italian to Latin.
The 1938 edition went by the similar title: ''Preces et pia opera in favorem omnium christifidelium vel quorumdam coetuum personarum indulgentiis ditata et opportune recognita'' ("Prayers and Pious Works, for the Sake of All the Christian Faithful or Certain Groups of Persons, Enriched with Indulgences and Opportunely Recognized"); the 1950 and 1952 editions relegated this latter name to the subtitle, bearing ''Enchiridion Indulgentiarum'' ("Handbook of Indulgences") as their main title. Several additional prayers received official indulgences by the popes between 1951 and 1967, but none of these were ever published in a new, collected edition since the format and schema of the ''Enchiridion'' underwent significant changes in 1968. These non-collected indulgences were, however, published in the issues of the
Acta Apostolicae Sedis
''Acta Apostolicae Sedis'' (Latin for "Acts of the Apostolic See"), often cited as ''AAS'', is the official gazette of the Holy See, appearing about twelve times a year.Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005 ), ...
for the years in that range.
The most recent editions, since 1968, have dropped the subtitle and are called, simply, the ''Enchiridion Indulgentiarum''.
Successor
By his
bull
A bull is an intact (i.e., not castrated) adult male of the species ''Bos taurus'' (cattle). More muscular and aggressive than the females of the same species (i.e., cows), bulls have long been an important symbol in many religions,
includin ...
''
Indulgentiarum Doctrina
''Indulgentarium Doctrina'' is an apostolic constitution about indulgences issued by Pope Paul VI on 1 January 1967. It responds to suggestions made at the Second Vatican Council, it substantially revised the practical application of the traditio ...
'' of 1 January 1967,
Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City, Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his ...
ordered a revision of the collection of indulgenced prayers and works "with a view to attaching indulgences only to the most important prayers and works of piety, charity and penance".
[''The encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 2'' by Erwin Fahlbusch 2001 page 695] Since then the official collection of the currently indulgenced prayers and good works is called the ''
Enchiridion Indulgentiarum
In the teaching of the Catholic Church, an indulgence (, from , 'permit') is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins". The ''Catechism of the Catholic Church'' describes an indulgence as "a remission before God of ...
''. The first edition appeared in June 1968. As indicated in a
articlepublished on the English edition of
L'Osservatore Romano
''L'Osservatore Romano'' (, 'The Roman Observer') is the daily newspaper of Vatican City State which reports on the activities of the Holy See and events taking place in the Catholic Church and the world. It is owned by the Holy See but is not a ...
of 12 December 1968, it was only one sixth the size of the last edition of the ''Raccolta''. An English translation on the Internet is provided b
Idaho Lay Dominicans.A digested account is given b
Catholic Online.
Further editions appeared in October 1968, in 1986 and in 1999. The full text of the current (fourth) edition is available in the original Latin on th
of the
Holy See
The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome ...
.
The ''Enchiridion Indulgentiarum'', which is in Latin, differs from the Italian-language ''Raccolta'' in listing "only the most important prayers and works of piety, charity and penance". On the other hand, it includes new general grants of partial indulgences that apply to a wide range of prayerful actions, and it indicates that the prayers that it does list as deserving veneration on account of divine inspiration or antiquity or as being in widespread use are only ''examples'' of those to which the first of these general grants applies: "Raising the mind to God with humble trust while performing one's duties and bearing life's difficulties, and adding, at least mentally, some pious invocation".
[''Enchiridion Indulgentiarum, Concessiones'', I] In this way, the ''Enchiridion Indulgentiarum'', in spite of its smaller size, classifies as indulgenced an immensely greater number of prayers than were treated as such in the ''Raccolta''.
The prayers listed in the ''Raccolta'' were exclusively from
Latin Rite
Latin liturgical rites, or Western liturgical rites, are Catholic rites of public worship employed by the Latin Church, the largest particular church ''sui iuris'' of the Catholic Church, that originated in Europe where the Latin language once ...
tradition, while the ''Enchiridion Indulgentiarum'' includes prayers from the traditions of the
Eastern Catholic Churches
The Eastern Catholic Churches or Oriental Catholic Churches, also called the Eastern-Rite Catholic Churches, Eastern Rite Catholicism, or simply the Eastern Churches, are 23 Eastern Christian autonomous (''sui iuris'') particular churches of th ...
, such as the
Akathistos
An Akathist Hymn ( el, Ἀκάθιστος Ὕμνος, "unseated hymn") is a type of hymn usually recited by Eastern Orthodox or Eastern Catholic Christians, dedicated to a saint, holy event, or one of the persons of the Holy Trinity. The name ...
,
Paraklesis
A Paraklesis ( el, Παράκλησις, Slavonic: молебенъ) or Supplicatory Canon in the Byzantine Rite, is a service of supplication for the welfare of the living. It is addressed to a specific Saint or to the Most Holy Theotokos whose ...
, ''Evening Prayer'', and ''Prayer for the Faithful Departed'' (Byzantine), ''Prayer of Thanksgiving'' (
Armenian
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
), ''Prayer of the Shrine'' and the ''Lakhu Mara'' (
Chaldean), ''Prayer of Incense'' and ''Prayer to Glorify Mary, the Mother of God'' (
Coptic
Coptic may refer to:
Afro-Asia
* Copts, an ethnoreligious group mainly in the area of modern Egypt but also in Sudan and Libya
* Coptic language, a Northern Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Egypt until at least the 17th century
* Coptic alphabet ...
), ''Prayer for the Remission of Sins'' and ''Prayer to Follow Christ'' (
Ethiopian
Ethiopians are the native inhabitants of Ethiopia, as well as the global diaspora of Ethiopia. Ethiopians constitute several component ethnic groups, many of which are closely related to ethnic groups in neighboring Eritrea and other parts of ...
), ''Prayer for the Church'', and ''Prayer of Leave-taking from the Altar'' (
Maronite
The Maronites ( ar, الموارنة; syr, ܡܖ̈ܘܢܝܐ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the larges ...
), and ''Intercessions for the Faithful Departed'' (Syrian).
See also
*
Indulgence
In the teaching of the Catholic Church, an indulgence (, from , 'permit') is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins". The '' Catechism of the Catholic Church'' describes an indulgence as "a remission before God o ...
Notes
{{reflist
External links
The 1834 editionThe 1849 editionThe 1877 edition1878 English translation of the 1877 Italian edition1903 English translation of the 1898 Italian edition
Catholic spirituality
Prayer books