Rabbit Fire

''Rabbit Fire'' is a 1951 ''Looney Tunes'' cartoon starring Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, and Elmer Fudd. Directed by Chuck Jones and written by Michael Maltese, the cartoon is the first in Jones' "hunting trilogy"—the other two cartoons following it being '' Rabbit Seasoning'' and '' Duck! Rabbit, Duck!'' It is also the first cartoon to feature a feud between Bugs and Daffy. Produced by Edward Selzer for Warner Bros. Cartoons, the short was released to theaters on May 19, 1951 by Warner Bros. Pictures and is often considered among Jones' best and most important films.

The film marks a significant shift in Daffy's personality, going from being the insane "screwball" character who (like Bugs) overwhelmed his adversaries, to a much more flawed individual, full of greed and vanity and desire for attention under the spotlight. This personality change, which was previously explored by Jones in '' You Were Never Duckier'' and '' Daffy Dilly'', and even earlier in Friz Freleng's ''You Ought to Be in Pictures'', was done in order for Daffy to better serve as Bugs' foil. This was fueled by Bugs' popularity surpassing Daffy's quickly over the years, increasing the desire of the studio's animators to pair the two together. Since then, Daffy's earlier screwball personality has been revisited in newer ''Looney Tunes'' media such as ''Looney Tunes Cartoons''.

Plot

Daffy Duck orchestrates a ruse to lure Elmer Fudd to Bugs Bunny's burrow, initiating a cycle of mistaken identity. Initially, Daffy incites Elmer to target Bugs under the false pretense of rabbit season, only for Bugs to counter that it is duck season. Daffy, indignant, engages in a verbal duel with Bugs, unwittingly validating Bugs' assertions and prompting Elmer to fire upon him repeatedly.

Subsequently, Daffy's attempt to reverse the verbal game results in his repeated defeat, culminating in his apparent demise at the hands of Elmer. However, Daffy's resilience persists as he cunningly disguises himself as Bugs, leading to a further escalation of the hunting season debate. Through a series of costume changes and sign manipulations, Bugs and Daffy perpetuate the confusion, ultimately turning the tables on Elmer and subjecting him to their own brand of humor.

As tensions escalate, Elmer's patience wanes, prompting a final confrontation where Bugs and Daffy adopt various personas to outwit him. The climax unfolds as they inundate Elmer with a barrage of "Rabbit Season" and "Duck Season" signs, ultimately declaring it to be "Elmer Season." With Elmer now in the crosshairs, Bugs and Daffy assume the role of hunters and stalk Elmer with shotguns in hand.

Voice cast

* Mel Blanc as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, and Elephant
* Arthur Q. Bryan as Elmer Fudd (uncredited)

Reception

''Rabbit Fire'' is generally considered among Chuck Jones and Michael Maltese's best works, and is noted for its use of dialogue gags in lieu of the physical gags more typical in animation. Besides the two sequels to this film, a number of other Jones shorts, including '' Beanstalk Bunny'' and '' Ali Baba Bunny'', paired quick-witted Bugs and self-serving Daffy with (or rather against) each other.

It is also worth noting that in this episode, Mel Blanc showcased his ability to make one character imitate another character's voice, in this case, Daffy Duck impersonating Bugs Bunny and vice versa. Actor and voice actor Hank Azaria pointed out that as a voice actor, it is almost impossible to accomplish. At one point, he tried to do that in ''The Simpsons'', along with the other cast members, but none of them could do it.

The "rabbit season/duck season" argument from this short became one of the references in the ''Looney Tunes'' franchise to have been analyzed both by scholars and by Jones himself (although this gag was actually used by Daffy against Porky six years earlier in the cartoon '' Duck Soup to Nuts''). According to an essay by Darragh O'Donoghue, ''Rabbit Fire'' "stands in close relation to human experience, striving and generally failing to grasp an elusive quarry or goal."Darragh O'Donoghue's review
of '' What's Opera, Doc?'', ''Rabbit Fire'', and ''Feline Frameup''. ''sensesofcinema.com'' Richard Thompson said that in the film, there is "the clearest definition of character roles: Elmer never knows what's going on; Bugs always knows what's going on and is in control of things; Daffy is bright enough to understand how to be in control, but never quite makes it." Jones himself refers to ''Rabbit Fire'' as a "corner" picture, among his works that, "as in turning a corner in a strange city, reveal new and enchanting vistas."

The short earned an honorable mention for animation historian Jerry Beck's list of ''The Fifty Greatest Cartoons: As Selected by 1000 Animation Professionals''. Its 1952 sequel, '' Rabbit Seasoning'', made the actual list at number 30. The style, setup, and plot of ''Rabbit Fire'' were adapted into the opening sequence of Warner Bros.' 2003 film '' Looney Tunes: Back in Action''.

The '' non sequitur'' elephant character based on Joe Besser was the inspiration for Horatio the Elephant, a recurring character on PBS' ''Sesame Street''.

The Elephant from '' The Major Lied 'Til Dawn'' reappeared, but was redesigned.

''Rabbit Fire'' is one of several shorts where Bugs Bunny performs drag to trick his enemies. Multiple scholars analyze ''Rabbit Fire'' to argue that Bugs Bunny’s drag performances demonstrate the cultural construction of gender, as well as animation’s ability to expose “the constructedness of gender and sexuality through parodic redeployment.”

Production details

* In two interviews conducted years after this cartoon was first released, director Chuck Jones fondly recalled voice artist Mel Blanc improvising hilariously as Daffy when he was trying to think of another word besides "despicable". However, in the finished film, only the words fro
the original dialogue script
actually appear. Historians believe that Blanc did indeed improvise, as Jones remembered, but then Jones had decided instead to use what was originally written.
* ''Rabbit Fire'' and its two sequels often have two characters in the same frame for some length of time — an atypical aspect of the "Hunting" trilogy. In order to keep budgets under control, most Warner Bros. cartoons would cut back and forth between characters, rather than put two or more in the same shot. Or, at least, both characters might be in the same shot, but only one would actually be animated. Michael Barrier's audio commentary for Disc One of '' Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 1'' (2005).
* Although the film is introduced by the ''Looney Tunes'' music '' The Merry-Go-Round Broke Down'', the opening card indicates a ''Merrie Melodies'' "Blue Ribbon" release from 1960, and the end card is ''Merrie Melodies'', replacing the original orange-red ''Looney Tunes'' title sequences.
* It marked the first cartoon where Bugs and Daffy ''starred'' and appeared ''together''. While Bugs had made a cameo in ''Porky Pig's Feat'' (which co-starred Daffy and Porky Pig), this was the first where ''both'' were the stars.
* Although this is the first cartoon with Daffy's selfish side replacing his screwball side, he still hollers "hoo-hoo", a catchphrase from his screwball personality.

Home media

This cartoon is available on the '' Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 1'', Disc 2, '' The Essential Bugs Bunny'', Disc 1, the '' Looney Tunes Platinum Collection: Volume 2'', Disc 2, and the '' Bugs Bunny 80th Anniversary Collection'', Disc 2.

References

Sources

* Jones, Chuck (1989). ''Chuck Amuck: The Life and Times of an Animated Cartoonist''. New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux. .
* Jones, Chuck (1996). ''Chuck Reducks: Drawing from the Fun Side of Life''. New York: Warner Books. .
* Thompson, Richard (January–February 1975). ''Film Comment''.

External links

*

{{Chuck Jones

1951 films
1950s Warner Bros. animated short films
1950s English-language films
Animated films set in forests
Looney Tunes shorts
Short films directed by Chuck Jones
Films about hunting
Films scored by Carl Stalling
American animated short films
Animated films about rabbits and hares
Bugs Bunny films
Daffy Duck films
Elmer Fudd films
Fiction about rivalry
Cross-dressing in American films
English-language short films
1951 animated short films